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Peng F, Lu Y, Dong X, Wang Y, Li H, Yang Z. Advances and research needs for disinfection byproducts control strategies in swimming pools. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 454:131533. [PMID: 37146331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The control of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in swimming pools is of great significance due to the non-negligible toxicity and widespread existence of DBPs. However, the management of DBPs remains challenging as the removal and regulation of DBPs is a multifactorial phenomenon in pools. This study summarized recent studies on the removal and regulation of DBPs, and further proposed some research needs. Specifically, the removal of DBPs was divided into the direct removal of the generated DBPs and the indirect removal by inhibiting DBP formation. Inhibiting DBP formation seems to be the more effective and economically practical strategy, which can be achieved mainly by reducing precursors, improving disinfection technology, and optimizing water quality parameters. Alternative disinfection technologies to chlorine disinfection have attracted increasing attention, while their applicability in pools requires further investigation. The regulation of DBPs was discussed in terms of improving the standards on DBPs and their preccursors. The development of online monitoring technology for DBPs is essential for implementing the standard. Overall, this study makes a significant contribution to the control of DBPs in pool water by updating the latest research advances and providing detailed perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Peng
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Yi Lu
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Xuelian Dong
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Yingyang Wang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Haipu Li
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, PR China.
| | - Zhaoguang Yang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Changsha 410083, PR China.
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Cui M, Wang Y, Liu K. Structure analysis and anti-inflammatory effect of a polysaccharide from Hippocampus mohnikei. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100739. [PMID: 35001528 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the structure of a polysaccharide (HMP-1) from Hippocampus mohnikei, and to explore its anti-inflammatory effect. HMP-1 was obtained from Hippocampus mohnikei by ethanol sedimentation and secondary column chromatography purification. Its structural characteristics were analyzed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and scanning electron micrograph (SEM). Results showed its molecular weight (Mw) was 7296 Da, and it mainly consisted of six residues, 1,3-β-Glcp, 1,4-α-Manp, 1,4-α-GalpA, 1,4-β-GlcpA2S, 1,4-α-Galp3S, 1,4-β-GlcNAc. HMP-1 could protect RAW246.7 cells from the cytotoxic effect induced by LPS. HMP-1 also could reduce the levels of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species produced by LPS stimulation, suggesting that HMP-1 has anti-inflammatory activities within a certain concentration range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Cui
- Shanghai Ocean University, College of food science and technology, 999 Hucheng Ring Road, Pudong New Area, 201306, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Yu Wang
- Shanghai Ocean University, College of food science and technology, 999 Hucheng Ring Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Kehai Liu
- Shanghai Ocean University, college of food science and technology, 999 Hucheng Ring Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, CHINA
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Guo XJ, Yang D, Zhang XY. Epigenetics recording varied environment and complex cell events represents the origin of cellular aging. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020; 20:550-562. [PMID: 31168969 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1800507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Although a relationship between epigenetics and aging phenotypic changes has been established, a theoretical explanation of the intrinsic connection between the epigenetics and aging is lacking. In this essay, we propose that epigenetic recording of varied cell environment and complex history could be an origin of cellular aging. Through epigenetic modifications, the environment and historical events can induce the chromatin template into an activated or repressive accessible structure, thereby shaping the DNA template into a spectrum of chromatin states. The inner nature of diversity and conflicts born by the cell environment and its historical events are hence recorded into the chromatin template. This could result in a dissipated spectrum of the chromatin state and chaos in overall gene expression. An unavoidable degradation of epigenome entropy, similar to Shannon entropy, would be consequently induced. The resultant disorder in epigenome, characterized by corrosion of epigenome entropy as reflected in chromatin template, can be stably memorized and propagated through cell division. Furthermore, the hysteretic nature of epigenetics responding to the emerging environment could exacerbate the degradation of epigenome entropy. As well as stochastic errors, we propose that outside entropy (or chaos) derived from the varied environment and complex cell history, gradually input and imprinted into the chromatin via epigenetic modifications, would lead inevitably to cellular aging, the extent of which could be aggravated by hysteresis of epigenetics without error erasing and correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Gene Engineering and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiang-Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Banerjee A, Lindenmair A, Steinborn R, Dumitrescu SD, Hennerbichler S, Kozlov AV, Redl H, Wolbank S, Weidinger A. Oxygen Tension Strongly Influences Metabolic Parameters and the Release of Interleukin-6 of Human Amniotic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:9502451. [PMID: 30510589 PMCID: PMC6230389 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9502451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The human amniotic membrane (hAM) has been used for tissue regeneration for over a century. In vivo (in utero), cells of the hAM are exposed to low oxygen tension (1-4% oxygen), while the hAM is usually cultured in atmospheric, meaning high, oxygen tension (20% oxygen). We tested the influence of oxygen tensions on mitochondrial and inflammatory parameters of human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs). Freshly isolated hAMSCs were incubated for 4 days at 5% and 20% oxygen. We found 20% oxygen to strongly increase mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, especially in placental amniotic cells. Oxygen tension did not impact levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, placental amniotic cells showed lower levels of ROS, independent of oxygen tension. In contrast, the release of nitric oxide was independent of the amniotic region but dependent on oxygen tension. Furthermore, IL-6 was significantly increased at 20% oxygen. To conclude, short-time cultivation at 20% oxygen of freshly isolated hAMSCs induced significant changes in mitochondrial function and release of IL-6. Depending on the therapeutic purpose, cultivation conditions of the cells should be chosen carefully for providing the best possible quality of cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Banerjee
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Lindenmair
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Garnisonstraße 21, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Ralf Steinborn
- Genomics Core Facility, VetCore, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinaerplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sergiu Dan Dumitrescu
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Hennerbichler
- Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service for Upper Austria, Krankenhausstraße 7, 4017 Linz, Austria
| | - Andrey V. Kozlov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Wolbank
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adelheid Weidinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstraße 13, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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