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Cuervo L, Méndez C, Olano C, Malmierca MG. Volatilome: Smells like microbial spirit. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2024; 127:1-43. [PMID: 38763526 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the study of volatile compounds has sparked interest due to their implications in signaling and the enormous variety of bioactive properties attributed to them. Despite the absence of analysis methods standardization, there are a multitude of tools and databases that allow the identification and quantification of volatile compounds. These compounds are chemically heterogeneous and their diverse properties are exploited by various fields such as cosmetics, the food industry, agriculture and medicine, some of which will be discussed here. In virtue of volatile compounds being ubiquitous and fast chemical messengers, these molecules mediate a large number of interspecific and intraspecific interactions, which are key at an ecological level to maintaining the balance and correct functioning of ecosystems. This review briefly summarized the role of volatile compounds in inter- and intra-specific relationships as well as industrial applications associated with the use of these compounds that is emerging as a promising field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Cuervo
- Functional Biology Department, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; University Institute of Oncology of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Health Research Institute of Asturias, Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carmen Méndez
- Functional Biology Department, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; University Institute of Oncology of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Health Research Institute of Asturias, Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos Olano
- Functional Biology Department, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; University Institute of Oncology of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Health Research Institute of Asturias, Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mónica G Malmierca
- Functional Biology Department, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; University Institute of Oncology of Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Health Research Institute of Asturias, Av. del Hospital Universitario, s/n, Oviedo, Spain.
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Shadman S, Miller TW, Yalin AP. Open-Path Laser Absorption Sensor for Mobile Measurements of Atmospheric Ammonia. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6498. [PMID: 37514791 PMCID: PMC10385541 DOI: 10.3390/s23146498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic emissions of ammonia to the atmosphere, particularly those from agricultural sources, can be damaging to the environment and human health and can drive a need for sensor technologies that can be used to detect and quantify the emissions. Mobile sensing approaches that can be deployed on ground-based or aerial vehicles can provide scalable solutions for high throughput measurements but require relatively compact and low-power sensor systems. This contribution presents an ammonia sensor based on wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) integrated with a Herriott multi-pass cell and a quantum cascade laser (QCL) at 10.33 µm oriented to mobile use. An open-path configuration is used to mitigate sticky-gas effects and achieve high time-response. The final sensor package is relatively small (~20 L), lightweight (~3.5 kg), battery-powered (<30 W) and operates autonomously. Details of the WMS setup and analysis method are presented along with laboratory tests showing sensor accuracy (<~2%) and precision (~4 ppb in 1 s). Initial field deployments on both ground vehicles and a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soran Shadman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA
| | | | - Azer P Yalin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA
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Bai X, Liu S, Huang W, Wang W, Li D, Wang A, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Cang H, Li H. Real-time monitoring of atmospheric ammonia based on modifier-enhanced vacuum ultraviolet photoionization ion mobility spectrometry. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:2191-2198. [PMID: 37114921 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00257h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) plays an important role in the atmospheric environment such as the formation of PM2.5, the concentration monitoring of which could hence help in the air quality assessment. In this study, a method for quantitative monitoring of atmospheric NH3 was developed based on modifier-enhanced selectivity detection using a homemade vacuum ultraviolet photoionization ion mobility spectrometry (VUV-PI-IMS). To enhance the resolution and sensitivity of measuring NH3, 2-butanone as the gas modifier was introduced into the drift tube with the drift gas. Atmospheric NH3 can be selectively detected, where the peak-to-peak resolution (RP-P) of 7.69 was obtained. The product ions were identified to be [C4H8O]2NH4+ by using a homemade time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The calculated limit of detection (LOD) was 0.39 ppbv improving about 10 times. For the most common concentration variation of atmospheric NH3 in the range of 10-100 ppbv, the linear curve was obtained with R2 of 0.997. Lastly, the VUV-PI-IMS was used to monitor the evolution of atmospheric NH3 near our laboratory and mounted on a car for monitoring the regional distribution of atmospheric NH3 in Dalian, China. The results also showed that VUV-PI-IMS has a promising application prospect in monitoring the concentration of atmospheric NH3 and supporting the air quality assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Bai
- Dalian Jiaotong University, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian 116028, China.
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Shimin Liu
- Dalian Jiaotong University, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian 116028, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Weiguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Dongming Li
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Aibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yuanzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Huaiwen Cang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Haiyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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Petrus M, Popa C, Bratu AM. Ammonia Concentration in Ambient Air in a Peri-Urban Area Using a Laser Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Detector. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093182. [PMID: 35591515 PMCID: PMC9101576 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Measuring ammonia from the environmental air is a sensitive and prioritized issue due to its harmful effects on humans, ecosystems, and climate. Ammonia is an environmental pollutant that has an important role in forming secondary inorganic aerosols, the main component of fine particulate matter concentrations in the urban atmosphere. Through this study, we present a gas analyzer that utilizes the technique of laser photoacoustic spectroscopy to measure ammonia concentration in three different sites located in Magurele, (44°20'58″ N 26°01'47″ E, 93 m altitude), Romania, from March to August 2021 at the breathing level of 1.5 m above ground. The ammonia concentrations from the ambient air were elevated in summer (mean of 46.03 ± 8.05 ppb (parts per billion)) compared to those measured in spring (18.62 ± 2.92 ppb), which means that atmospheric temperature affects ammonia concentrations. The highest mean ammonia concentrations occurred in August, with an ammonia concentration level of 100.68 ± 11.12 ppb, and the low mean ammonia concentrations occurred in March, with an ammonia level concentration of 0.161 ± 0.03 ppb. The results confirm that meteorological characteristics (i.e., temperature) and motor vehicles are major contributors to the elevated ammonia levels during the monitoring period.
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