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Bo G, Fang T, Chen L, Gong Z, Ma J. Shipboard determination of arsenite and total dissolved inorganic arsenic in estuarine and coastal waters with an automated on-site-applicable atomic fluorescence spectrometer. Talanta 2024; 266:125082. [PMID: 37595527 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The speciation of trace level arsenic (As) in estuarine and coastal waters is crucial for both biogeochemical and toxicological studies of this toxic metalloid. However, the accurate and on-site determination of As in complex seawater matrices is challenging because of the low concentration of As, the easy conversion of arsenite (As(III)) to arsenate (As(V)), and the considerable effect of salinity on the determination of As via conventional methods. In this study, a custom-made shipboard atomic fluorescence spectrometer (AFS) is reported for the on-site speciation of inorganic As in estuarine and coastal waters. After comprehensive optimization of the instrumental and chemical parameters, the method demonstrated high sensitivity (limits of detection: 0.02 μg L-1), good linearity (R2 > 0.999 for all calibration curves up to 8 μg L-1), high precision (relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 2% at 1 μg L-1 over a year-long evaluation), and excellent performance for sample analysis for different matrices with varying salinities (recoveries: 96.3%-105.3%). The portable and field-applicable AFS was successfully applied to the on-site and shipboard simultaneous determination of As(III) and total dissolved inorganic arsenic (TDIAs) in the coastal waters of Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong province of China, demonstrating its robustness and applicability in harsh conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyong Bo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China; National Observation and Research Station for the Taiwan Strait Marine Ecosystem, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, 363000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengyue Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China; National Observation and Research Station for the Taiwan Strait Marine Ecosystem, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, 363000, People's Republic of China
| | - Luodan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenbin Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China; National Observation and Research Station for the Taiwan Strait Marine Ecosystem, Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, 363000, People's Republic of China.
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Zhuang Z, Xu J, Chen Y, Guo Z, Liu Z, Huang X. Nanoporous gold microelectrode for electrochemical sensing of As(III) in cellular environment. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1282:341933. [PMID: 37923407 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The highly toxic arsenite (As(III)) could cause serious cytotoxicity on metabolism, resulting in several diseases. However, it is still a great challenge on the precise sensing of As(III) in complicated conditions, especially in cellular environment. In this work, a nanoporous gold microelectrode (NPG-μE) was fabricated by a simple electrochemical alloying/dealloying method and developed for the electroanalysis of As(III) in the lung cancer cellular (A549 cells) environment. The as-fabricated NPG-μE exhibited the excellent electrochemical performance towards As(III) detection at physiological pH (0.1 M PBS solution, pH 7.4) with a high sensitivity of 5.07 μA ppb-1 cm-2 and a low limit of detection of 0.25 ppb (S/N = 3). The large surface area derived from the nanoporous structure, and the well-dispersed active sites as well as the highly electro-catalytic activity of gold played a critical role on the improved electrochemical behaviors. Furthermore, the effect of the exposure time on electrochemical monitoring As(III) in A549 cellular environment was successfully investigated, revealing the fatal impact of As(III) on cell cycle. This work offered a great trial on investigating of the cytotoxicity of arsenite and their precise detection in complicated cellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Zhuang
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China.
| | - Zhonggang Liu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China.
| | - Xingjiu Huang
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, PR China
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Hoy KS, Davydiuk T, Chen X, Lau C, Schofield JRM, Lu X, Graydon JA, Mitchell R, Reichert M, Le XC. Arsenic speciation in freshwater fish: challenges and research needs. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2023; 7:fyad032. [PMID: 37744965 PMCID: PMC10515374 DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyad032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Food and water are the main sources of human exposure to arsenic. It is important to determine arsenic species in food because the toxicities of arsenic vary greatly with its chemical speciation. Extensive research has focused on high concentrations of arsenic species in marine organisms. The concentrations of arsenic species in freshwater fish are much lower, and their determination presents analytical challenges. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on arsenic speciation in freshwater fish and discuss challenges and research needs. Fish samples are typically homogenized, and arsenic species are extracted using water/methanol with the assistance of sonication and enzyme treatment. Arsenic species in the extracts are commonly separated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and detected using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, used in combination with HPLC and ICPMS, provides complementary information for the identification and characterization of arsenic species. The methods and perspectives discussed in this review, covering sample preparation, chromatography separation, and mass spectrometry detection, are directed to arsenic speciation in freshwater fish and applicable to studies of other food items. Despite progress made in arsenic speciation analysis, a large fraction of the total arsenic in freshwater fish remains unidentified. It is challenging to identify and quantify arsenic species present in complex sample matrices at very low concentrations. Further research is needed to improve the extraction efficiency, chromatographic resolution, detection sensitivity, and characterization capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen S Hoy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tetiana Davydiuk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xiaojian Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chester Lau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Xiufen Lu
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Ruth Mitchell
- Alberta Health, Health Protection Branch, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Megan Reichert
- Alberta Health, Health Protection Branch, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - X Chris Le
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Lv Y, Shang Y, Li L, Zhang Y, Ma Q. Online hyphenation of in-capillary aptamer-functionalized solid-phase microextraction and extraction nanoelectrospray ionization for miniature mass spectrometry analysis. Analyst 2023; 148:1815-1823. [PMID: 36939082 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00111c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Direct mass spectrometry (MS) analysis is vital to chemical and biological investigations. However, measuring complex samples is challenging due to matrix interference, resulting in compromised MS performance. In this study, an integrated experimental protocol has been developed, combining in-capillary aptamer-functionalized solid-phase microextraction (SPME), extraction nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoESI), and miniature MS analysis. The established method was applied to analyze caffeine in electronic cigarette liquid and beverage samples as proof-of-concept demonstrations. A custom SPME strip fabricated with caffeine-binding aptamers was prepared with an immobilization density of up to 0.812 nmol cm-2. Critical parameters affecting the effects of extraction, desorption, and ionization were optimized. A novel transition ion ratio-based strategy with enhanced quantitation accuracy was developed. The analytical performance of the proposed method was evaluated under optimized conditions. Acceptable recoveries of 87.5-111.5% with relative standard deviations of 3.1-6.1% and satisfactory sensitivity with limits of detection of 1.5 and 3 ng mL-1 and limits of quantitation of 5 and 10 ng mL-1 were obtained, respectively. The developed approach demonstrates a promising potential for rapid on-site applications with appealing analytical performance and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueguang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Yuhan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Linsen Li
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China. .,Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Qiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Consumer Product Quality Safety Inspection and Risk Assessment for State Market Regulation, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China.
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Krishna MVB, Thangavel S, Sunitha Y. A blue arsenomolybdic acid-crystal violet ion-associate pair paving the way for the field detection of arsenic in groundwater. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:3539-3551. [PMID: 36018243 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00608a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A simple visual colorimetric method based on arsenomolybdic acid-crystal violet ion-associate pair formation is described for the detection of As in groundwater at about 10, 25 and 50 μg L-1 levels. The pair exhibits light green coloration at ≤5 μg L-1 and blue colorations of distinctly different intensities at about 10, 25 and 50 μg L-1 concentrations of arsenic. High sensitivity is achieved by the preconcentration of As that entails simultaneous sorption of both As(III) and As(V) from groundwater on covellite (CuS) and, later, their elution as As(V), which subsequently participates in the formation of arsenomolybdic acid. The interference in the color development from PO43-ions that are as efficiently sorbed on CuS and eluted as the oxyanions of As is eliminated by their selective removal by Ce4+ ions under basic (pH ∼ 8.5) conditions. The removal is caused by the formation of cerium phosphate and its co-precipitation with calcium hydroxide. SiO42- ions do not interfere in the process as they are not sorbed by CuS. Groundwater containing ≤0.5 mg L-1 P and ≥200 mg L-1 total dissolved solid can be conveniently analysed by the method. The direct sensing of As(III) as well as As(V), the use of benign and easily available chemicals, the absence of any hazardous by-product, undiminished applicability in sunlight, the testing procedure lasting only for about 30 min, and rapidity are the major advantages of the method. Thus, the method is potentially well-suited for the on-site testing of groundwater potability under different regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Balarama Krishna
- National Centre for Compositional Characterization of Materials, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Hyderabad-500062, India.
| | - S Thangavel
- National Centre for Compositional Characterization of Materials, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Hyderabad-500062, India.
| | - Y Sunitha
- National Centre for Compositional Characterization of Materials, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Hyderabad-500062, India.
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