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Chen G, Zhou Z, Li B, Lin X, Yang C, Fang Y, Lin W, Hou Y, Zhang G, Wang S. S-scheme heterojunction of crystalline carbon nitride nanosheets and ultrafine WO 3 nanoparticles for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 140:103-112. [PMID: 38331492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Highly crystalline carbon nitride polymers have shown great opportunities in overall water photosplitting; however, their mission in light-driven CO2 conversion remains to be explored. In this work, crystalline carbon nitride (CCN) nanosheets of poly triazine imide (PTI) embedded with melon domains are fabricated by KCl/LiCl-mediated polycondensation of dicyandiamide, the surface of which is subsequently deposited with ultrafine WO3 nanoparticles to construct the CCN/WO3 heterostructure with a S-scheme interface. Systematic characterizations have been conducted to reveal the compositions and structures of the S-scheme CCN/WO3 hybrid, featuring strengthened optical capture, enhanced CO2 adsorption and activation, attractive textural properties, as well as spatial separation and directed movement of light-triggered charge carriers. Under mild conditions, the CCN/WO3 catalyst with optimized composition displays a high photocatalytic activity for reducing CO2 to CO in a rate of 23.0 µmol/hr (i.e., 2300 µmol/(hr·g)), which is about 7-fold that of pristine CCN, along with a high CO selectivity of 90.6% against H2 formation. Moreover, it also manifests high stability and fine reusability for the CO2 conversion reaction. The CO2 adsorption and conversion processes on the catalyst are monitored by in-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), identifying the crucial intermediates of CO2*-, COOH* and CO*, which integrated with the results of performance evaluation proposes the possible CO2 reduction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Ziruo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Bifang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Xiahui Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China.
| | - Can Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China.
| | - Yuanxing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Wei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Yidong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Guigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Sibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fujian 350116, China.
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