|
1
|
Lin C, Nicaise SM, Lilley DE, Cortes J, Jiao P, Singh J, Azadi M, Lopez GG, Metzler M, Purohit PK, Bargatin I. Nanocardboard as a nanoscale analog of hollow sandwich plates. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4442. [PMID: 30361473 PMCID: PMC6202357 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06818-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Corrugated paper cardboard provides an everyday example of a lightweight, yet rigid, sandwich structure. Here we present nanocardboard, a monolithic plate mechanical metamaterial composed of nanometer-thickness (25-400 nm) face sheets that are connected by micrometer-height tubular webbing. We fabricate nanocardboard plates of up to 1 centimeter-square size, which exhibit an enhanced bending stiffness at ultralow mass of ~1 g m-2. The nanoscale thickness allows the plates to completely recover their shape after sharp bending even when the radius of curvature is comparable to the plate height. Optimally chosen geometry enhances the bending stiffness and spring constant by more than four orders of magnitude in comparison to solid plates with the same mass, far exceeding the enhancement factors previously demonstrated at both the macroscale and nanoscale. Nanocardboard may find applications as a structural component for wings of microflyers or interstellar lightsails, scanning probe cantilevers, and other microscopic and macroscopic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lin
- Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 South 33rd Street, 229 Towne Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6315, USA
| | - Samuel M Nicaise
- Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 South 33rd Street, 229 Towne Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6315, USA
| | - Drew E Lilley
- Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 South 33rd Street, 229 Towne Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6315, USA
| | - Joan Cortes
- Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 South 33rd Street, 229 Towne Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6315, USA
| | - Pengcheng Jiao
- Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 South 33rd Street, 229 Towne Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6315, USA
| | - Jaspreet Singh
- Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 South 33rd Street, 229 Towne Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6315, USA
| | - Mohsen Azadi
- Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 South 33rd Street, 229 Towne Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6315, USA
| | - Gerald G Lopez
- Singh Center for Nanotechnology, University of Pennsylvania, 3205 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Meredith Metzler
- Singh Center for Nanotechnology, University of Pennsylvania, 3205 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Prashant K Purohit
- Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 South 33rd Street, 229 Towne Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6315, USA
| | - Igor Bargatin
- Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, 220 South 33rd Street, 229 Towne Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6315, USA.
| |
Collapse
|