Comparison of Apoptotic Cells Between Cryopreserved Ejaculated Sperm and Epididymal Sperm in Stallions

Efficiency of Ringer B. Braun solution on stallion epididymal sperm motility and viability compared to the commercial extender within 72 hours of storage

Collection of epididymal stallion sperm offers the opportunity to retain and use genetic material from the males after elective castration or even post mortem. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the Ringer B. Braun solution on stallion epididymal sperm viability and motility during liquid storage for 72 h at 4 °C and at 20 °C. Eight stallions (3–10 years old) were used in the study. Sperm from the cauda epididymis was harvested immediately after routine castration. The sperm from epididymis was washed out and diluted with Ringer B. Braun solution and with a commercial semen extender which was used as a control. Samples from each horse were divided into two parts: one part of samples was stored at 4 ± 1 °C as recommended for the commercial semen extender, the other one was stored at 20 ± 1 °C. Sperm viability, motility, and pH were checked one hour after collection and dilution, and after 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation. The results of sperm viability, subjective and progressive sperm motility showed slightly higher results in semen samples diluted with Ringer B. Braun solution in one hour compared to the commercial extender, by 2.40 ± 0.49% for viability (P > 0.05), by 0.30 ± 9.92% for subjective motility (P > 0.05) and by 5.70 ± 6.07% for progressive motility (P > 0.05). We suggest that Ringer solution could be used for a short term storage (1–24 h) of equine epididymal semen at a 4 °C temperature.

Efeito da adição de plasma seminal oriundo de animais de alta e baixa fertilidade na criopreservação de espermatozoides da cauda do epidídimo e do ejaculado de garanhões subférteis

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da adição de plasma seminal de garanhões de alta e baixa fertilidade sobre a congelabilidade e a viabilidade de espermatozoides do ejaculado (EJ) e do epidídimo (EP) de garanhões subférteis. Foram utilizados seis garanhões com histórico de subfertilidade. Após coleta, espermatozoides do ejaculado foram divididos em três alíquotas: BotuSêmen® (EJ-CT); plasma seminal de alta qualidade espermática (EJ-PS1); e plasma seminal de baixa qualidade espermática (EJ-PS2). O mesmo protocolo foi realizado com espermatozoides da cauda do epidídimo após orquiectomia (EP-CT; EP-PS1; EP-PS2). Foram realizadas avaliações da cinética espermática pelo CASA e análises de integridade de membrana, acrossoma, fragmentação de DNA, capacitação espermática e peroxidação espermática por citometria de fluxo. Não foram observadas diferenças na cinética espermática entre EJ e EP, logo após a descongelação. Porém, foi observada maior (P<0,05) porcentagem de células com membranas plasmática e acrossomal íntegras nos grupos EP (EP-CT:31,7±7,5b; EP-PS1:35,2±7,0b; EP-PS2:33,9±7,2b) em comparação aos grupos EJ (EJ-CT:15,1±4,9a; EJ-PS1:11,7±4,5a; EJ-PS2:13,1±5,2a). Adicionalmente, foram observadas diferenças no índice de fragmentação de DNA (EJ-CT:2,6±0,6a; EJ-PS1:2,4±0,8a; EJ-PS2:3,0±0,8a; EP-CT:1,4±0,4b; EP-PS1:1,2±0,3b; EP-PS2:1,3±0,2b). Concluiu-se que a adição de 20% de plasma seminal, oriundo de animais férteis ou subférteis, previamente à congelação de espermatozoides epidídimários de animais subférteis não interfere na qualidade espermática.

Recovery of sperm after epididymal refrigeration from domestic cats using ACP-117c and Tris extenders

ABSTRACT We aimed to compare fresh sperm and sperm cooled to 4ºC that had been recovered from the epididymides of cats using powdered coconut water (ACP-117c) and Tris extenders. Sixty epididymides were divided into 6 groups: 10 fresh epididymides were recovered using Tris (T0h); 10 were kept at 4°C/2h and recovered using Tris (T2h); 10 were kept at 4°C/4h and recovered using Tris (T4h); 10 fresh were recovered using ACP-117c (A0h); 10 were kept at 4°C/2h and recovered using ACP-117c (A2h), and 10 were kept at 4°C/4h and recovered using ACP-117c (A4h). The testis-epididymis complexes (TEC) control were not cooled. The others were cooled at 4°C for 2 or 4h. The epididymis was separated and the sperm was recovered by the modified flotation method. Sperm kinetic parameters were evaluated by a computer-system analysis, and vigor, viability, concentration, membrane function and morphology of the sperm were assessed under a light microscope. The progressive motility with ACP-117c declined after 2h of cooling, but did not differ between fresh and 4h. The vigor and membrane function were higher in A4h than A0h. The vigor at T2h and T4h were decreased compared to T0h. T0h was higher than A0h for vigor and sperm membrane function. However, after 4h of cooling, ACP-117c maintained a higher percentage of living cells. Feline epididymal sperm quality can be maintained to the degree necessary for artificial breeding programs following cooling and ACP-117c may be successfully used to recover cat sperm that have been cooled for up to 4h.