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Perricone V, Sandrini S, Irshad N, Comi M, Lecchi C, Savoini G, Agazzi A. The Role of Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Supporting Gut Health in Horses: An Updated Review on Its Effects on Digestibility and Intestinal and Fecal Microbiota. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12243475. [PMID: 36552396 PMCID: PMC9774806 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To support the overall health of horses, it is essential to maintain an optimal gut health (GH) status, which encompasses several physiological and functional aspects, including the balance and functionality of intestinal microbial populations and, accordingly, the effective digestion and absorption of nutrients. Numerous biotic and abiotic stressors can lead to an imbalance of GH, such as the quality of forages and the composition of diet, e.g., the inclusion of high energy-dense feeds to meet the energy requirements of performance horses. To support the digestive function and the intestinal microbial populations, the diet can be supplemented with feed additives, such as probiotic yeasts, that promote the ability of cellulolytic bacteria in the hindgut to digest the available fiber fractions, finally increasing feed efficiency. Among the different yeasts available, S. cerevisiae is the most used in horses' nutrition; however, results of digestibility trials, as well as data on intestinal and fecal microbial populations, are sometimes contradictory. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to summarize the effects of S. cerevisiae on in vivo and in vitro digestibility, providing an updated overview of its effects on the intestinal and fecal microbial population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Perricone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Silvia Sandrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Nida Irshad
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Marcello Comi
- Department of Human Science and Quality of Life Promotion, Università Telematica San Raffaele, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Lecchi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Giovanni Savoini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Alessandro Agazzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell’Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-50334506
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Rodrigues PG, Garcez DSM, Silva CM, Santana CCS, Santana JCS, Lopes CDC, Muniz EN, de Oliveira Júnior GM, Silva de Moura R, de Souza JC. Use of palm bran ( Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck) in partial replacement of concentrate in maintenance equine diets - a pilot study. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:273-282. [PMID: 34189255 PMCID: PMC8223016 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-273-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Forage palm is extremely suitable as animal fodder due to its high
tolerance to the climatic rigors of the semiarid region and its ability
to withstand the harsh physical–chemical limitations of poor soils. Thus,
in this study, the effects of the partial replacement (0 %, 5 %, 10 % and 15 % replacement) of a molasses- or oat-based commercial
concentrate with forage palm bran (FPB)
on the acceptability, apparent digestibility and glycemic response of horses
at maintenance were evaluated. The ratio of concentrate to roughage
(Tifton 85 hay) was 30:70, and the dry matter (DM) intake was 2 % of body weight
(BW). For the preference test, 10 barren Mangalarga Marchador mares
were used. The experimental diets were offered simultaneously to determine
the consumption preference and the intake ratio. For the digestibility test,
four mixed-breed geldings were used and were distributed in a Latin square
experimental design (4×4). For the glycemic response, blood samples were
collected 30 min before and 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 min after
supplying the feed. The preference test indicated that feed containing 0 %
and 5 % FPB was preferred by the animals. Nutrient digestibility
coefficients did not differ among the experimental diets. Blood glucose was
lower at 180 min in the 7.42 % FPB inclusion diet (R2=0.97); this was estimated using the following
equation: Y=115.05-2.75x+0.19x2. It is concluded
that the incorporation of up to 15 % of forage palm bran as a substitute for
concentrate in the maintenance diet tested did not negatively influence feed
intake, nutrient digestibility or glycemic index; however, inclusion values
above 5 % reduced diet acceptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Gomes Rodrigues
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
| | | | - Camilla Mendonça Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claudia da Costa Lopes
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Rio Grande of Norte, Macaíba 59.280-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Raquel Silva de Moura
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37-200-000, Brazil
| | - José Camisão de Souza
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37-200-000, Brazil
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Influence of Dietary Supplementation of Ensiled Devil Fish and Staphylococcus saprophyticus on Equine Fecal Greenhouse Gases Production. J Equine Vet Sci 2019; 79:105-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Influence of Dietary Inclusion With Corn and Soybean Oils, in Combination With Live Yeast Culture, on Horse Fecal Methane, Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen Production. J Equine Vet Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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The Dietary Components and Feeding Management as Options to Offset Digestive Disturbances in Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Elghandour MMY, Khusro A, Salem AZM, Mariezcurrena-Berasain MA, Camacho Díaz LM, Cipriano-Salazar M. Role of dose dependent Escherichia coli as ruminal anti-microflora agent to mitigate biogases production in prickly pear cactus flour based diet. Microb Pathog 2017; 115:208-215. [PMID: 29278783 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effects of Escherichia coli against the ruminal microflora fermentation activities in the mitigation of CH4 and CO2 production as well as ruminal fermentation kinetics by substituting dietary corn grain with prickly pear cactus (PC) flour. Three total mixed PC rations were prepared (/kg DM): 0 g (Control), 75 g (PC75), and 150 g (PC150). Besides, E. coli was supplemented at four different levels (dose): 0, 10, 20, and 40 mg/g DM of substrates. The in vitro rumen GP, CH4, and CO2 were estimated to be affected due to various doses of E. coli up to 72 h of incubation. Asymptotic GP, fractional rate of GP, and lag time were influenced significantly (P < .05) in the presence of ration. However, E. coli doses showed minor impact on the rate of GP as well as lag time. The asymptotic CH4 production was decreased linearly (P = .005) at the ration PC150. E. coli doses reduced the asymptotic CH4 production at 10 and 20 mg/g DM. The asymptotic CO2 production was linearly (P < .001) decreased by different levels of PC. The cubic (P = .023) effect of E. coli doses as well as significant (P = .002) ration × E. coli doses impact were reported on asymptotic CO2 production. The fractional rate of GP was quadratically (P < .05) influenced by PC and E. coli doses. The rations, dose, and rations × E. coli dose interaction had no influence (P > .05) on lag time. In a nutshell, PC flour inclusion in diet has the potentiality to replace the existing conventional feedstuffs for ruminant. Most importantly, revealing the first report, PC flours along with E. coli supplementation at varied doses mitigated the ruminal biogases production. This was as consequence to the antimicrobial impacts of E. coli against ruminal microflora, and that could certainly be a promising approach in order to improve ruminant's diet constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Y Elghandour
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Research Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai 600034, India
| | - Abdelfattah Z M Salem
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Mexico.
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In Vitro Cecal Gas and Methane Production of Soybean Hulls–Containing Diets in the Presence of Salix babylonica Extract as a Fermentation Modulator in Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Elghandour MM, Mellado M, Kholif AE, Salem AZ, Barbabosa A, Ballinas S, Esquivel A, Odongo NE. Fecal Gas Production of Ten Common Horse Feeds Supplemented With Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Equine Vet Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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