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Dong J, Liu G, Gao N, Suo J, Matthijnssens J, Li S, Yuan D, Du Y, Zhang J, Yamashita N, Haga T, Cook FR, Zhu W. A reassortant G3P[12] rotavirus A strain associated with severe enteritis in donkeys (Equus asinus). Equine Vet J 2021; 54:114-120. [PMID: 33455000 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contrast to horses, the only evidence suggesting gastrointestinal disease in neonatal donkeys is associated with Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) is the detection of viral antigens by ELISA in just 1 of 82 symptomatic donkey foals. No additional, more comprehensive investigations have been conducted, and RVAs if circulating in donkey populations have not been molecularly characterised. OBJECTIVES To investigate if RVAs are associated with an outbreak of severe enteritis in neonatal donkeys and if associated determine the genotype(s) along with the phylogenetic relationship to RVA strains circulating in horses. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS RT-PCR-based techniques were used for RVA diagnosis and gene amplification. Statistical significance was determined by Chi-square and Fisher's exact two-sided tests. Genotyping was performed by RotaC and phylogenetic analysis by neighbour joining. RESULTS In 2019, acute enteritis occurred in 119 of 206 donkey foals (≤4 months) at two intensive donkey farms in the Shandong province of China. The highest morbidity (68.1%), mortality (29.5%) and fatality levels (45.5%) occurred in foals in the 30-89 day, 30-59 day and 0-29 day age groups respectively. RVA gene sequences were detected in 107 (89.9%) of the symptomatic individuals while further analysis demonstrated the outbreak was associated with the same G3P[12] RVA strain designated RVA/Donkey-wt/CHN/Don01/2019/G3P[12]. Although the VP4 gene of Don01 exhibited close phylogenetic relationships with equivalent RVA sequences commonly circulating in horses, encoding VP7 was more closely associated with sequences isolated from bats suggesting this new donkey strain arose via an intergenogroup reassortment event. MAIN LIMITATIONS Actual prevalence not determined because <7% of asymptomatic donkey foals were included in this study. The complete genomic sequence of RVA/Donkey-wt/CHN/Don01/2019/G3P[12] remains to be determined. CONCLUSIONS Valuable new information about the molecular epidemiology of rotaviruses in different equid species is provided by isolation and molecular characterisation of a novel RVA strain from neonatal donkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbao Dong
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China.,Research Institute of Effective-Breeding and Eco-Feeding of Donkey, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.,Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Guiqin Liu
- Research Institute of Effective-Breeding and Eco-Feeding of Donkey, College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Nannan Gao
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jiajia Suo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China
| | - Jelle Matthijnssens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Rega Institute, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Shuguang Li
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Dongfang Yuan
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Nanako Yamashita
- Division of Infection Control and Disease Prevention, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Haga
- Division of Infection Control and Disease Prevention, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Frank R Cook
- Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Shandong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary College, Weifang, China.,Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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Ramírez-Hernández A, Polo G, Robayo-Sánchez LN, Cruz-Maldonado OA, Imbacuán-Pantoja WO, Cortés-Vecino JA. Gastrointestinal and pulmonary parasites of working horses from Colombia. VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY- REGIONAL STUDIES AND REPORTS 2019; 17:100296. [PMID: 31303234 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Working equids are used in different countries for numerous purposes and regularly are crucial for multiple communities' income and profit. Historically, in Bogotá D.C. they were used as animal-powered vehicles but in 2013 it was initiated a substitution and adoption program as a result of society pressure and lawful processes. Infectious diseases and mainly parasitic diseases, poses a threat in the health and productivity of these animals. Our aim was to identify, by coproparasitological methods, the gastrointestinal and pulmonary parasite species infecting working horses submitted to the mentioned substitution and adoption program. Between May and December 2013 and February and July 2014, fresh faecal samples were obtained from 1004 and 648 horses from Bogotá D.C. and other Colombian municipalities, respectively. They were processed by flotation and Baermann tests in order to visualize faecal parasitic forms (eggs, oocysts, and larvae). Prevalences were calculated for each gastrointestinal parasite at origin and one year after, at destination, and analysed by age group and coinfection. At origin (Bogotá D.C.), prevalence for at least one parasite species was 87.5% and one year later, at destination (other municipalities), was 89.5%. The most prevalent species were strongyles (86.4-89.4%) followed by Parascaris spp. (0.7-6.2%), cestodes (Anoplocephalidae) (3.7-4.9%) and Oxyuris sp. (2.8-4.3%). Other species detected were Eimeria sp., Strongyloides sp. and Dictyocaulus sp. Coinfection by two or more species ranged between 14.4 and 38.3% being strongyle, Parascaris spp., Oxyuris sp. and cestodes (Anoplocephalidae) the most common species involved. Some parasitic infections commonly associated with younger animals (e.g. Parascaris spp.) were detected in all age groups. Flow patterns of parasites linking Bogotá D.C. and other municipalities are presented. Finally, these results support the widespread distribution of most of species and the plausible health and welfare impact of this infections in working equids submitted to particular epidemiological risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Ramírez-Hernández
- Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Departamento Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra. 30 No. 45-03, Ciudad Universitaria, Edificio 481, Bogotá D.C., Colombia; Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, CEP 0 5508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gina Polo
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, CEP 0 5508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura N Robayo-Sánchez
- Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Departamento Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra. 30 No. 45-03, Ciudad Universitaria, Edificio 481, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Oscar A Cruz-Maldonado
- Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Departamento Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra. 30 No. 45-03, Ciudad Universitaria, Edificio 481, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Wilson O Imbacuán-Pantoja
- Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Departamento Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra. 30 No. 45-03, Ciudad Universitaria, Edificio 481, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Jesús A Cortés-Vecino
- Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Departamento Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra. 30 No. 45-03, Ciudad Universitaria, Edificio 481, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
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