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Xin G, Yang J, Li R, Gao Q, Li R, Wang J, Zhang J, Wang J. Dietary supplementation of hemp oil in teddy dogs: Effect on apparent nutrient digestibility, blood biochemistry and metabolomics. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6173-6187. [PMID: 35200081 PMCID: PMC8974180 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2043018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Present study aimed to evaluate the influence of distinct concentration of dietary supplements hemp oil on apparent nutrient digestibility, blood biochemical parameters and metabolomics of teddy dogs. A total of 25 healthy teddy dogs were selected and divided into five treatments according to diet supplements hemp oil at a rate of 0% (A), 0.5% (B), 1% (C), 2% (D), and 4% (E). Appropriate added hemp oil improved apparent nutrient digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and crude fat (86.32–88.08%, 86.87–88.87% and 96.76–97.43%). The hemp oil significantly increased blood biochemical of utilization related total protein, albumin and globulin (61.33–69.54, 35.08–40.38 and 26.53–31.63 g/L), immunity capacity related immunoglobulin E and γ-interferon (203–347kU/L and 23.04–25.78ng/L), energy-related thyroxine and triiodothyronine (27.11–36.75 and 0.94–1.67 nmol/L). In addition, hemp oil improved superoxide dismutation (26.47–33.02 U/ml) and reduced malondialdehyde (5.30–3.28 nmol/ml). The differential metabolites mainly included nucleotides and metabolites of oxidized lipids, bile and other fatty acids, coenzymes and vitamins. The main metabolic pathways included purine and arachidonic acid metabolism, bile and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, cell oxidative phosphorylation and rheumatoid arthritis. Overall, appropriate dietary supplements hemp oil positively to nutrient digestibility and blood metabolism, immunity and antioxidant capacity, 1% to 2% hemp oil supplements was recommended for teddy dog diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guosheng Xin
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China.,Ningxia Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China.,Ningxia Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China
| | - Ruiguo Li
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China.,Ningxia Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China
| | - Qiaoxian Gao
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China.,Ningxia Feed Engineering Technology Research Center, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China
| | - Ronglin Li
- Petpal Pet Nutrition Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Petpal Pet Nutrition Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Ningxia Hiby Analysis & Testing Institute, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous, China
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Kalantari RK, Rouzbehan Y, Fazaeli H, Direkvandi E, Salem AZM. The Effect of Three Levels of Concentrate and Grain Processing on Feeding Behavior, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Metabolites and Fecal pH Of Turkmen Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 104:103690. [PMID: 34416994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate, the effect of different levels of concentrates and grain processing on feeding behavior, nutrient digestibility, fecal pH and blood metabolites in the horse. Sixteen 5 to 11 years old Turkmen horses with an initial body weight 433±50 kg were used in this experiment based on completely randomized design. Four treatments were studied, in three treatments were used 20, 25 and 30% of concentrate containing processed grains (A20, A25 and A30, respectively), and in one treatment was used 25% of concentrate containing whole grain (B25). The amount of feed intake, chewing and swallowing rate and total intake for forage and concentrate were not affected by experimental treatments (P> .05). By increasing the concentrate level up to 30%, the digestibility coefficients of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ash-free neutral detergent fiber, ash-free acid detergent fiber and digestible energy increased. The highest digestibility coefficients were observed in A30 treatment (P< 0.05). The digestibility of organic matter, crude protein, ash-free neutral detergent fiber and digestible energy in A25 treatment significantly increased compared to B25 (P< 0.05). The concentration of total protein, triglycerides, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein were not affected by experimental treatments (P> 0.05). The concentration of glucose increased with increasing concentrate for treatment A30 (P< 0.05). In conclusion, comparing the two levels of 25% concentrate showed that the use of processed grains compared to unprocessed grains had no effect on feeding behavior, fecal pH and blood parameters. The use of 30% concentrate containing processed grains improved digestion without adversely affecting feeding behavior and fecal pH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yousef Rouzbehan
- Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Fazaeli
- Agricultural Research, Education and ExtensionOrganization (AREEO), Science Research Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ehsan Direkvandi
- Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdelfattah Z M Salem
- Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Edo de México, México
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