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Civera A, Esteban C, Mata L, Sánchez L, Galan-Malo P, Pérez MD. Sensitive ELISA and lateral flow immunoassay for the detection of walnut traces in processed food and working surfaces. Food Chem 2024; 441:138296. [PMID: 38194791 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Walnut represents one of the most allergenic nuts that can be found as a hidden allergen. In this study, sandwich ELISA and lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), based on the determination of Jug r 1, were developed to detect walnut. Cross-reactivity was only found with Pecan nut among a panel of 88 food ingredients tested. ELISA and LFIA could detect 0.25 and 0.5 µg/g of walnut protein in complex food matrices spiked with walnut extract, respectively. Furthermore, walnut was detected in blended (chocolate) and incurred foods (ice cream and bread) added with ground walnut at levels of 0.5 and 1.5 µg protein/g by ELISA and LFIA, respectively. LFIA could also detect 0.1 μg of walnut protein in working surfaces. ELISA displayed acceptable precision and high recovery (71-97 %) and both tests were robust. This study shows that developed ELISA and LFIA are reliable tools to be applied in allergen control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Civera
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Clara Esteban
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis Mata
- ZEULAB S.L., Polígono PLAZA, Bari, 25 Duplicado, 50197 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lourdes Sánchez
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - María D Pérez
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.
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Rodríguez S, García-García A, Garcia-Calvo E, Esteban V, Pastor-Vargas C, Díaz-Perales A, García T, Martín R. Generation of an Ovomucoid-Immune scFv Library for the Development of Novel Immunoassays in Hen's Egg Detection. Foods 2023; 12:3831. [PMID: 37893724 PMCID: PMC10606182 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hen's egg allergy is the second most common food allergy among infants and young children. The possible presence of undeclared eggs in foods poses a significant risk to sensitized individuals. Therefore, reliable egg allergen detection methods are needed to ensure compliance with food labeling and improve consumer protection. This work describes for the first time the application of phage display technology for the generation of a recombinant antibody aimed at the specific detection of hen's ovomucoid. First, a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) library was constructed from mRNA isolated from the spleen of a rabbit immunized with ovomucoid. After rounds of biopanning, four binding clones were isolated and characterized. Based on the best ovomucoid-binding candidate SR-G1, an indirect phage enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (phage-ELISA) was developed, reaching limits of detection and quantitation of 43 and 79 ng/mL of ovomucoid, respectively. The developed ELISA was applied to the analysis of a wide variety of food products, obtaining a good correlation with a commercial egg detection assay used as a reference. Finally, in silico modeling of the antigen-antibody complex revealed that the main interactions most likely occur between the scFv heavy chain and the ovomucoid domain-III, the most immunogenic region of this allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Rodríguez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.R.); (E.G.-C.); (T.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Aina García-García
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.R.); (E.G.-C.); (T.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Calvo
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.R.); (E.G.-C.); (T.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Vanesa Esteban
- Departamento de Alergia e Inmunología, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Carlos Pastor-Vargas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Araceli Díaz-Perales
- Centro de Biotecnología Y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (CBGP, UPM-INIA), 28223 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Teresa García
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.R.); (E.G.-C.); (T.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Rosario Martín
- Departamento de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (S.R.); (E.G.-C.); (T.G.); (R.M.)
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Baldo TA, Proença CDA, Felix FDS, Freitas TA, Sakata SK, Angnes L, Faria RC. Disposable electrochemical microfluidic device for ultrasensitive detection of egg allergen in wine samples. Talanta 2021; 232:122447. [PMID: 34074431 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Food allergies have been increasing all over the world. Egg is an important component in the food industries and the second most common cause of food allergy, shortly after milk. In the wine industry, egg white is applied as a fining agent for tannin removal. In this study, a sandwich-based immunoassay for ultrasensitive detection of ovalbumin (OVA) in wine samples was developed. The assay involves the use of magnetic beads (MBs) decorated with a polyclonal anti-OVA antibody (Ab2) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP), used as label for the quantification in a disposable electrochemical microfluidic device (DEμD) here developed. The Ab2-MB-HRP prepared was applied to capture, separate, and pre-concentrate OVA from wine samples. In the DEμD, OVA was immune-magnetically captured (OVA-Ab2-MB-HRP), producing a sandwich structure (GO-Ab1-OVA-Ab2-MB-HRP) on the electrode's surface. This arrangement results in an ultrasensitive device, achieving the ultralow limit of detection of 0.2 fg mL-1 OVA. Five samples of wines were analyzed by using the immuno-magneto-assay which presents excellent accuracy compared with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaísa Aparecida Baldo
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Dos Anjos Proença
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana da Silva Felix
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Lavras, CEP, 37200-900, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tayane Aguiar Freitas
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Solange Kazumi Sakata
- Centro de Tecnologia das Radiaçõs - Instituto de Pesquisa Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN-SP), CEP, 05508-000, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lúcio Angnes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP, 05508-000, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Censi Faria
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Xu J, Ye Y, Ji J, Sun J, Sun X. Advances on the rapid and multiplex detection methods of food allergens. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6887-6907. [PMID: 33830835 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1907736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
With the gradually increasing prevalence of food allergy in recent years, food allergy has become a major public health problem worldwide. The clinical symptoms caused by food allergy seriously affect people's quality of life; there are unknown allergen components in novel food and hidden allergens caused by cross contamination in food processing, which pose a serious risk to allergy sufferers. Thus, rapid and multiplex detection methods are required to achieve on-site detection or examination of allergic components, so as to identify the risk of allergy in time. This paper reviews the progress of high-efficiency detection of food allergens, including enhanced traditional detection techniques and emerging detection techniques with the ability high-throughput detection or screening potential food allergen, such as xMAP, biosensors, biochips, etc. focusing on their sensitivity, applicability of each method in food, along with their pretreatment, advantages, limitation in the application of food analysis. This paper also introduces the challenges faced by these high-efficiency detection technologies, as well as the potential of customized allergen screening methods and rapid on-site detection technology as future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yongli Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Madrid R, García-García A, Cabrera P, González I, Martín R, García T. Survey of Commercial Food Products for Detection of Walnut ( Juglans regia) by Two ELISA Methods and Real Time PCR. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020440. [PMID: 33671390 PMCID: PMC7922217 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Labeling of food allergens in accordance with legal regulations is important to protect the health of allergic consumers. The requirements for detecting allergens in foods involve adequate specificity and sensitivity to identify very small amounts of the target allergens in complex food matrices and processed foods. In this work, one hundred commercial samples were analyzed for walnut detection using three different methods: a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit based on polyclonal antibodies, a direct ELISA using a recombinant multimeric scFv, and a real time PCR. The most sensitive method was real time PCR followed by sandwich ELISA kit and multimeric scFv ELISA. There was agreement between the three methods for walnut detection in commercial products, except for some heat-treated samples or those that contained pecan. The walnut ELISA kit was less affected by sample processing than was the multimeric scFv ELISA, but there was cross-reactivity with pecan, producing some false positives that must be confirmed by real time PCR. According to the results obtained, 7.0 to 12.6% of samples (depending on the analytical method) contained walnut but did not declare it, confirming there is a risk for allergic consumers. Moreover, there was one sample (3.7%) labelled as containing walnut but that tested negative for this tree nut. Genetic and immunoenzymatic techniques offer complementary approaches to develop a reliable verification for walnut allergen labeling.
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Phage Displayed Domain Antibodies (dAb) for Detection of Allergenic Pistachio Proteins in Foods. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091230. [PMID: 32899286 PMCID: PMC7554873 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pistachio nuts (Pistacia vera) have been consumed by past and present-day civilizations because of their organoleptic characteristics and potential health benefits. However, they can also produce moderate to severe IgE-mediated reactions in allergic individuals. In this work, we report the isolation of the first recombinant antibodies against pistachio nut, produced without animal immunization, to be used in immunoassays for detection of allergenic pistachio in food products. Several phage display biopanning strategies were evaluated to screen the human-based domain antibody library (dAb) in search for pistachio-specific probes. The clone producing the PVF4 phage-dAb was finally selected, and it does not cross-react with cashew despite the phylogenetic proximity with pistachio. Western blot and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF) analysis demonstrated that this clone recognised a unique band of ∼22 kDa related to the basic subunit of pistachio 11S globulin (allergen Pis v 2). The PVF4 phage-dAb allowed detection of pistachio in a food matrix with a limit of detection (LOD) of 3983 mg kg−1 in an indirect phage-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ELISA method developed was used to assess applicability of the PVF4 phage-dAb for analysis of 77 commercial food products.
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Sun LP, Huang Y, Huang T, Yuan Z, Lin W, Sun Z, Yang M, Xiao P, Ma J, Wang W, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Guan BO. Optical Microfiber Reader for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Anal Chem 2019; 91:14141-14148. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Peng Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Tiansheng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Zihao Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Wenfu Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Mingjin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zonghua Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communication, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
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