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Carullo G, Borghini F, Fusi F, Saponara S, Fontana A, Pozzetti L, Fedeli R, Panti A, Gorelli B, Aquino G, Basilicata MG, Pepe G, Campiglia P, Biagiotti S, Gemma S, Butini S, Pianezze S, Loppi S, Cavaglioni A, Perini M, Campiani G. Traceability and authentication in agri-food production: A multivariate approach to the characterization ofthe Italian food excellence elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.), a vasoactive nutraceutical. Food Chem 2024; 444:138684. [PMID: 38359701 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
A research platform for food authentication was set up by combining stable isotope ratio analysis, metabolomics by gas and liquid mass-spectrometry and NMR investigations, chemometric analyses for food excellences. This multi-analytical approach was tested on samples of elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.), a species belonging to the same genus of common garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.), mainly produced in southern Tuscany-(Allium ampeloprasum). The isotopic composition allowed the product to be geographically characterized. Flavonoids, like (+)-catechin, cinnamic acids, quercetin glycosides were identified. The samples showed also a significant amount of dipeptides, sulphur-containing metabolites and glutathione, the latter of which could be considered a molecular marker of the analyzed elephant garlic. For nutraceutical profiling to reach quality labels, extracts were investigated in specific biological assays, displaying interesting vasorelaxant properties in rat aorta by mediating nitric oxide release from the endothelium and exhibited positive inotropic and negative chronotropic effects in rat perfused heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Carullo
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; BioAgryLab, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Francesca Borghini
- ISVEA Srl, Istituto per lo Sviluppo Viticolo Enologico e Agroindustriale, 53036 Poggibonsi(SI), Italy.
| | - Fabio Fusi
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Simona Saponara
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Anna Fontana
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Luca Pozzetti
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Fedeli
- BioAgryLab, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Alice Panti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Beatrice Gorelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Aquino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | | | - Giacomo Pepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy.
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
| | - Stefano Biagiotti
- Telematic University Pegaso, Piazza Trieste e Trento, 48 -80132 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Sandra Gemma
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; BioAgryLab, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Stefania Butini
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; BioAgryLab, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Silvia Pianezze
- Experimental and Technological Services Department, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38098 San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy.
| | - Stefano Loppi
- BioAgryLab, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Cavaglioni
- ISVEA Srl, Istituto per lo Sviluppo Viticolo Enologico e Agroindustriale, 53036 Poggibonsi(SI), Italy.
| | - Matteo Perini
- Experimental and Technological Services Department, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38098 San Michele all'Adige (TN), Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; BioAgryLab, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-7346, Iran.
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Aquino G, Basilicata MG, Crescenzi C, Vestuto V, Salviati E, Cerrato M, Ciaglia T, Sansone F, Pepe G, Campiglia P. Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from spring onion leaves using Box-Behnken design. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14923. [PMID: 37691048 PMCID: PMC10493223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have explored the extraction of bioactive compounds from different onion solid wastes, such as bulb, skin, and peel. However, onion leaves have received limited attention despite their potential as a valuable source of nutraceutical compounds. This study aimed to valorise, for the first time, the agricultural waste in the form of spring onion leaves (CN, Cipollotto Nocerino) to obtain antioxidant-rich polyphenolic extracts. A Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to assess the impact of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) variables (temperature, time, extraction volume, and ethanol concentration) on total polyphenol content (TPC) measured by Folin-Ciocalteu method and the antioxidant power determined by FRAP assay. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied, and regression equations, analysis of variance, and 3D response curves were developed. Our results highlighted that the TPC values range from 0.76 to 1.43 mg GAE g-1 dw, while the FRAP values range from 8.25 to 14.80 mmol Fe(II)E g-1 dw. The optimal extraction conditions predicted by the model were 60 °C, 22 min, ethanol concentration 51% (v/v), and solvent volume 11 mL. These conditions resulted in TPC and FRAP values of 1.35 mg GAE g-1 dw and 14.02 mmol Fe(II)E g-1 dw, respectively. Furthermore, the extract obtained under optimized conditions was characterized by UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS analysis. LC/MS-MS platform allowed us to tentatively identify various compounds belonging to the class of flavonoids, saponins, fatty acids, and lipids. Finally, the ability of CN optimal extract to inhibit the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) release in a hepatocarcinoma cell line using an H2O2-induced oxidative stress model, was evaluated. The results highlighted the potential of CN extract as a valuable source of polyphenols with significant antioxidant properties, suitable for various applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Aquino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Crescenzi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Vestuto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Emanuela Salviati
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Michele Cerrato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Tania Ciaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Francesca Sansone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
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Synthesis of diosgenin derivatives by A and B ring modifications and low-valent titanium (Ti0)-catalysed McMurry coupling reactions and designing to create novel biological agents. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Su F, Ye L, Zhou Z, Su A, Gu J, Guo Z, Zhu P, Su W. Study of Chemical Compositions and Anticancer Effects of Paris polyphylla var. Chinensis Leaves. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092724. [PMID: 35566077 PMCID: PMC9100081 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Paris polyphylla var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara is a perennial herb belonging to the Trilliaceae family. Ultraperformance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q–TOF MS) was used to detect the composition of different fractions of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis leaves. Meanwhile, the extracts of different fractions were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against four selected human cancer cell lines and one human normal epithelial cell line based on the MTT assay method. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to screen differential compounds and to analyze the distributions between different fractions. Finally, more than 60 compounds were obtained and identified from the different fractions of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis leaves, and the chloroform and n−butanol extracts showed significant cytotoxic effects on these four cancer cells. Several compounds were preliminarily identified from different fractions, including 36 steroidal saponins, 11 flavonoids, 10 ceramides, 8 lipids, 6 organic acids, and 8 other compounds. Various compounds were screened out as different chemical components of different fractions, which were considered as a potential substance basis for the cytotoxicity of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (Z.G.)
- Zhejiang Yangtze Delta Region Pharmaceutical Technology Research Park, Hangzhou 310014, China;
| | - Lv Ye
- Zhejiang Yangtze Delta Region Pharmaceutical Technology Research Park, Hangzhou 310014, China;
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zilin Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (Z.G.)
| | - An Su
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
| | - Jinping Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (Z.G.)
| | - Zili Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (Z.G.)
| | - Peixi Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (F.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (Z.G.)
- Zhejiang Yangtze Delta Region Pharmaceutical Technology Research Park, Hangzhou 310014, China;
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (W.S.)
| | - Weike Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (P.Z.); (W.S.)
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Llorent-Martínez EJ, Gordo-Moreno AI, Fernández-de Córdova ML, Salazar-Mendías C, Tercero-Araque A. Characterization of the Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Cathissa reverchonii (Lange) Speta. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061979. [PMID: 35335340 PMCID: PMC8949354 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathissa reverchonii (formerly Ornithogalum reverchonii) is a threatened species, constituting an endemism present in the south of Spain and northern Morocco. In Spain, it is only found in two disjoint populations in the region of Andalusia. The determination of its chemical composition and the influence that environmental factors have on it can contribute significantly to the development of appropriate protection and conservation plans. However, there are no previous reports about this species to date. Consequently, this research aimed to study the phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of C. reverchonii and to assess the influence of environmental factors on the phenolic profile and bioactivity. The vegetal material was collected in seven places inhabited by the two separate populations in Spain. The phenolic composition of methanolic extracts of the species was determined by HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS, and the antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH and ABTS assays. Fifteen compounds were characterized in the extracts of the aerial parts of C. reverchonii, revealing differences in the phytochemical profile between both populations analyzed, mainly in the saponin fraction. The main phenolics were flavone di-C-glucoside (lucenin-2), followed by a quercetin-di-C-glucoside. The composition of the extracts of C. reverchonii and their radical scavenging power were compared with those of other species of the genus Ornithogalum L., revealing significant differences between the latter and the genus Cathissa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eulogio J. Llorent-Martínez
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, E-23071 Jaén, Spain; (A.I.G.-M.); (M.L.F.-d.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana I. Gordo-Moreno
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, E-23071 Jaén, Spain; (A.I.G.-M.); (M.L.F.-d.C.)
| | - María Luisa Fernández-de Córdova
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, E-23071 Jaén, Spain; (A.I.G.-M.); (M.L.F.-d.C.)
| | - Carlos Salazar-Mendías
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, E-23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (A.T.-A.)
| | - Amanda Tercero-Araque
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, E-23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.S.-M.); (A.T.-A.)
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