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Wei X, Liu L, Zhang J, Kou Y, Du Y, Kong M, Xie J, Shen M. Evaluation of potentially harmful Maillard reaction products in different types of commercial formulae. Food Chem 2024; 456:139965. [PMID: 38852460 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Pasteurisation and spray drying are critical steps to ensure the safety and shelf-life of formulae, but these treatments also induce formation of some potentially harmful Maillard reaction products. In this study, the occurrence of potentially harmful Maillard reaction products and proximate compositions in different commercial formulae were analysed. Our results showed that infant formulae had significantly higher concentrations of furosine, Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL) than follow-on/toddler formula. Specialty formulae had higher concentrations of glyoxal and CML than other types of formulae. Correlation analysis indicated that concentrations of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, 3-deoxyglucosone, CML and CEL were closely related to fat contents. These results provided insight into concentrations of potentially harmful Maillard reaction products in different types of formulae and provide a theoretical basis for further optimisation of processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yafei Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yanli Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Mengru Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Mingyue Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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Zhang J, Wang L, Shen Y, Wan L, Zhuang K, Yang X, Man C, Zhao Q, Jiang Y. Effects of different reducing carbohydrate types on the physicochemical characteristics of infant formula food stored for special medical purposes. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101055. [PMID: 38173901 PMCID: PMC10762361 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The formula of food for special medical purpose has a direct impact on physicochemical stability, especially in hot climes and high temperature transport storage environments. An accelerated test (50 °C for 7 weeks) was used to analyze the mechanism of the physicochemical instability of formula A with lactose and maltodextrin, and formula B with maltodextrin. Deep dents and wrinkles were observed on the surface of the formula B, and more fat globules covered the surface of formula A particles after storage for a long time. Significantly higher amounts of furosine and Nε-carboxymethl-l-lysine (CML) were formed and the loss of available lysine was greater in formula A than in formula B. No significant difference was observed in lipid oxidation indicators between the two formulas. The results of this research demonstrated lactose was more active than maltodextrin and led to physicochemical instability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Longyu Wan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Kejin Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xinyan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chaoxin Man
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qianyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yujun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Department of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Li H, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Li JX, Li C, Zhao Y, Li C, Jie RQD, Zulewska J, Li H, Yu J. Application of tea polyphenols as additives in brown fermented milk: Potential analysis of mitigating Maillard reaction products. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:6731-6740. [PMID: 37210347 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Brown fermented milk (BFM) is favored by consumers in the dairy market for its unique burnt flavor and brown color. However, Maillard reaction products (MRP) from high-temperature baking are also noteworthy. In this study, tea polyphenols (TP) were initially developed as potential inhibitors of MRP formation in BFM. The results showed that the flavor profile of BFM did not change after adding 0.08% (wt/wt) of TP, and its inhibition rates on 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (5-HMF), glyoxal (GO), methylglyoxal (MGO), Nε-carboxymethyl lysine (CML), and Nε-carboxyethyl lysine (CEL) were 60.8%, 27.12%, 23.44%, 57.7%, and 31.28%, respectively. After 21 d of storage, the levels of 5-HMF, GO, MGO, CML, and CEL in BFM with TP were 46.3%, 9.7%, 20.6%, 5.2%, and 24.7% lower than the control group, respectively. Moreover, a smaller change occurred in their color and the browning index was lower than that of the control group. The significance of this study was to develop TP as additives to inhibit the production of MRP in brown fermented yogurt without changing color and flavors, thereby making dairy products safer for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yuelu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Jia Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Chen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Chunshuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Ren Qing Duo Jie
- Qinghai Qilong Trading Co. Ltd., Henan Qilong Ranch, Qinghai, 811500, China
| | - Justyna Zulewska
- Department of Dairy Science and Quality Management, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Hongjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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Biegalski J, Cais-Sokolińska D. Production of Sensorily Acceptable Pasta Filata Cheese with Partial Substitution of Sheep's Milk Powder in Different Forms. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091766. [PMID: 37174304 PMCID: PMC10177789 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The presented study analyzed the possibility of pasta filata cheese production using sheep's milk powder in different forms and substitution amounts with fresh cow's milk. For the production of the pasta filata cheeses that were analyzed in the research, sheep's milk powder and reconstituted sheep's milk were used for partial substitution with fresh cow's milk in the amount of approx. 20, 30 and 40 percent (v/v). The obtained results showed that the more sheep's milk in the form of powder in the mixture, the lower the cheese's moisture content. The fat and protein content in the whey after the production of cheeses from mixtures was lower than after the production of cheeses from reconstituted sheep's milk only. Cheeses produced entirely from reconstituted sheep's milk displayed the highest fat loss. The greatest cheese yield was observed for cheeses from mixtures with sheep's milk powder and entirely from reconstituted sheep's milk. Pasta filata cheeses made from a mixture of cow's milk and sheep's milk powder that was not reconstituted were much less acceptable to consumers than reconstituted milk powder cheeses, especially those with 40% and 30% added powder. Sensory profile analysis showed that the addition of sheep's milk to the mixture, regardless of the form, affected the appearance, consistency, and flavor of the produced pasta filata cheeses. Mixing cow's milk with sheep's milk powder created the possibility of modeling the final cheese quality and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Biegalski
- Department of Dairy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31/33, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Dorota Cais-Sokolińska
- Department of Dairy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31/33, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
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Wang S, Wang M, Wang Y, Wu Z, Yang J, Li H, Li H, Yu J. Control of the Maillard reaction and secondary shelf-life prediction of infant formula during domestic use. J Food Sci 2023; 88:681-695. [PMID: 36576128 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
To control the Maillard reaction of infant formula (IF) during secondary shelf-life (SSL) and establish an SSL prediction model, the effects of storage temperatures (25°C, 37°C) and relative humidity (RH) levels (32%, 57%, and 75%) on the Maillard reaction products (MRPs) were evaluated. Visible color changes were observed during storage in samples stored at 37°C and not at 25°C. The available lysine loss was the largest, up to 64.14% and 69.40% after 4 weeks of storage at 37°C and 57% RH. At the end of storage, the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, 3-deoxyglucuronide, fluorescence of advanced Maillard products and soluble Tryptophan (FAST) index, and Nε -carboxymethyllysine (CML) of two commercial IFs increased by 0.48-3.32, 1.26-12.65, 0.01-4.87, and 0.30-1.05 times, respectively. During storage, the glyoxal content in two commercial IFs tended to increase and then decrease in the range of 0.21-3.43 mg/100 g. The SSL of IFs was predicted using the multivariate accelerated shelf-life test and the Arrhenius model. At 25°C, the estimated SLL of two commercial IFs were 10-9 and 7-6 weeks at 57% and 75% RH, respectively. MRPs and ΔE* could be used as indicators for predicting the SLL of infant formula. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The results of the study suggested that the increase in storage temperature and humidity during the SSL can promote the MR of IF, which affects the sensory and safety of IF. Therefore, consumers need to focus on controlling storage conditions during the SSL to avoid degradation of IF quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengyan Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongjuan Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
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