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Teimouri Okhchlar R, Javadi A, Azadmard‐Damirchi S, Torbati M. Quality improvement of oil extracted from flaxseeds ( Linum usitatissimum L.) incorporated with olive leaves by cold press. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3735-3744. [PMID: 38726418 PMCID: PMC11077233 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Flaxseed oil has a high amount of α-linolenic acid (an ω3 essential fatty acid), but it is very prone to oxidation. Therefore, olive leaves were used as a rich source of phenolic compounds with flaxseeds upon oil extraction by cold press to enhance the oxidative stability of extracted oils. Oil from flaxseeds with unblanched leaves and blanched leaves at level of (0 [control sample], 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% w/w) was extracted by cold press. Quality of extracted oils was evaluated for 90 days of storage at room condition. Incorporation of unblanched olive leaves could increase the acid value of the extracted oils up to 2.0 (mg KOH/g oil) compared to the other samples. Oxidation of the flaxseed oil could be delayed by the addition of blanched olive leaves up to 5%. Oil extracted from flaxseeds incorporated with blanched olive leaves had higher content of carotenoids (up to 33.7 mg/kg oil), chlorophylls (up to 35.7 mg/kg oil), and phenolic compounds (up to 200 mg/kg oil). Also, oxidative stability of extracted oils was higher up to 7.5% of blanched olive leaves (11.4 h) compared to control sample (7.2 h) and other oil samples. Polyunsaturated fatty acids of the oil samples were well preserved by the incorporation of blanched olive leaves. Based on the obtained results, incorporation of suitable amount of blanched olive leaves (up to 7.5%) with flaxseeds before oil extraction by press can be an appropriate procedure to produce oils with high content of bioactive components and suitable oxidative stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Teimouri Okhchlar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Mamaghan BranchIslamic Azad UniversityMamaghanIran
| | - Afshin Javadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Mamaghan BranchIslamic Azad UniversityMamaghanIran
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary, Tabriz Medical ScienceIslamic Azad UniversityTabrizIran
| | | | - Mohammadali Torbati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food ScienceTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Zheng L, Wang S, Yang Y, Zheng X, Xiao D, Ai B, Sheng Z. Volatile aroma compounds of passion fruit seed Oils: HS-GC-IMS analysis and interpretation. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101212. [PMID: 38389576 PMCID: PMC10881532 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The physicochemical properties, fatty acid composition and volatile aroma compounds of cold-pressed passion fruit seed oils were analyzed. The oils were rich in linoleic acid, oleic acid and volatile compounds. A total of 108 volatile compounds including 17 aldehydes, 23 alcohols, 21 esters, 19 ketones, 6 acids, 9 alkenes, 5 pyrazines and 8 others were identified using HS-GC-IMS. The significant differences of volatile compounds in the purple and yellow passion fruit seed oils were observed via the GalleryPlot graph and distinguished by principal component analysis. The results showed that acids, alcohols, esters and ketones were major aromatic compounds in purple passion fruit seed oils, which contribute to flavors such as flowery, fruity, creamy, yogurt. Whereas the contents of aldehydes, pyrazines, alkenes were higher in yellow passion fruit seed oils, which contributes to fatty and nutty odors. The findings filled in our understanding of volatilization characteristics in passion fruit seed oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zheng
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Shenwan Wang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
- Huazhong Agricultural University, College of Food Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Dao Xiao
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Binling Ai
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Zhanwu Sheng
- Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, China
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Wu ZW, Huang HR, Liao SQ, Cai XS, Liu HM, Ma YX, Wang XD. Evaluation of Quality Properties of Brown Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus L.) Tubers from Six Major Growing Regions of China: A New Source of Vegetable Oil and Starch. J Oleo Sci 2024; 73:147-161. [PMID: 38311405 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess23123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Tigernut has been recognized as a promising resource for edible oil and starch. However, the research on the quality characteristics of tigernut from different regions is lagging behind, which limits the application of tigernut in food industry. Tigernut tubers were obtained from six major growing regions in China, and the physicochemical properties of their main components, oil and starch, were characterized. Tigernut tubers from Baoshan contained the most oil (30.12%), which contained the most β-carotene (130.4 µg/100 g oil) due to high average annual temperature. Gas chromatography analysis and fingerprint analysis results indicated that tigernut oil (TNO) consists of seven fatty acids, of which oleic acid is the major component. Changchun TNO contained the least total tocopherols (6.04 mg/100 g oil) due to low average annual temperature. Tigernut tubers from Chifeng (CF) contained the most starch (34.85%) due to the large diurnal temperature range. Xingtai starch contained the most amylose (28.4%). Shijiazhuang starch showed the highest crystallinity (19.5%). Anyang starch had the highest pasting temperature (76.0°C). CF starch demonstrated superior freeze-thaw stability (syneresis: 50%) due to low mean annual precipitation. The results could be further applied to support tigernut industries and relevant researchers that looks for geographical origin discrimination and improvements on tigernut quality, with unique physicochemical and technological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Wei Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology
- Institute of Special Oilseed Processing and Technology, Henan University of Technology
| | - Hong-Rui Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology
| | - Shu-Qiang Liao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology
| | - Xiao-Shuang Cai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology
- Institute of Special Oilseed Processing and Technology, Henan University of Technology
| | - Hua-Min Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology
- Institute of Special Oilseed Processing and Technology, Henan University of Technology
| | - Yu-Xiang Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology
- Institute of Special Oilseed Processing and Technology, Henan University of Technology
| | - Xue-De Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology
- Institute of Special Oilseed Processing and Technology, Henan University of Technology
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Machine learning-assisted analysis for agronomic dataset of 49 Balangu (Lallemantia iberica L.) ecotypes from different regions of Iran. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19237. [PMID: 36357455 PMCID: PMC9649721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23335-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Balangu (Lallemantia iberica) species have a high gastronomical impact in the Middle East and Balkan region. It is widely used in the local food industry, such as confectionery, edible oil, and protein food. In this study, 49 ecotypes were collected from different regions of Iran. 37 agronomic traits were measured during the growing season and at harvest time. To find the correlation between the grain yield per unit area, grain yield per single plant (GYSP), oil percent (OP), and protein percent (PP) with other measured traits, which these were utilized as the labels of different machine learning (ML) procedures including Linear Regression (LR), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Random Forest Regression (RFR), and Gradient Boosting Decision Tree Regression (GBDTR). It was observed that there is a linear relationship between the measured agronomic traits and the considered labels. So, the LR, RFR, and GBDTR models showed the lowest mean absolute error, mean square error, and root mean square error than SVR models and good prediction ability of the test data. Although, the RFR and GBDTR have naturally lower bias than other methods in this study, but the GBDTR scheme is preferred because of the over-fitting shortcoming of the RFR technique. The GBDTR method showed better results rather than the other ML regression methods according to the RMSE 3.302, 0.040, 0.028, and 0.060 for GYUA, GYSP, OP, and PP, respectively.
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Ultrasound-Assisted Alcoholic Extraction of Lesser Mealworm Larvae Oil: Process Optimization, Physicochemical Characteristics, and Energy Consumption. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101943. [PMID: 36290666 PMCID: PMC9598858 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of oil from lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus L.) larvae powders (LMLPs) using ethanol/isopropanol as the superior solvent was optimized. The evaluation of time (9.89−35.11 min), solvent-to-LMLPs (2.39−27.61 v/w), and temperature (16.36−83.64 °C) showed that the highest extraction efficiency (EE, 88.08%) and in vitro antioxidant activity (IVAA) of reducing power (0.651), and DPPH free-radical scavenging capacity (70.79%) were achieved at 22.5 v/w solvent-to-LMLPs and 70 °C for 22.64 min. Optimal ultrasound conditions significantly improved the EE than n-hexane extraction (60.09%) by reducing the electric energy consumption by ~18.5 times from 0.637 to 0.035 kWh/g. The oil diffusivity in ethanol-isopropanol during the UAE (0.97 × 10−9 m2/s) was much better than that of n-hexane (5.07 × 10−11 m2/s). The microstructural images confirmed the high efficiency of ethanol-isopropanol in the presence of ultrasounds to remove oil flakes from the internal and external surfaces of LMLPs. The improved IVAA was significantly associated with the total phenolic (4.306 mg GAE/g, r = 0.991) and carotenoid (0.778 mg/g, r = 0.937) contents (p < 0.01). Although there was no significant difference in the fatty acid profile between the two extracted oils, ethanol-isopropanol under sonication acceptably improved oxidative stability with lower peroxides, conjugated dienes and trienes, and free fatty acids.
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Yadav GG, Manasa V, Murthy HN, Tumaney AW. Chemical composition and nutraceutical characterization of Balanites roxburghii seed oil. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Li Y, Zhuang X, Wu X, Qiu C, Wang Y. Sustainable Valorization of Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. Residue as the New Lauric Oil Source Using Alternative Green Extraction and Refining Methods. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142047. [PMID: 35885296 PMCID: PMC9324626 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Litsea cubeba is an ethnic woody oil plant, in which essential oil rather than oil has been the main foreign trade product through the decades. Concerning large amounts of residue generated from L. cubeba essential oil processing, a sustainable valorization pathway of these biowastes is proposed in this study. First, such biowastes have been systematically investigated for the first time regarding their oils extracted by three extraction methods, where ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) could significantly improve the extraction rate of traditional pressing and solvent extraction without any changes in oil quality. Moreover, the composition of acylglycerols and fatty acids in L. cubeba fruit, kernel, and peel oils were also first identified, which further proved that peels with abundant free fatty acids could lead to high acid value of L. cubeba fruit oils. Compared to virgin coconut oils, L. cubeba kernel oils have a more balanced fatty acid composition with a high lauric acid level, which could be applied as a promising lauric oil resource. Considering the high acid value in L. cubeba kernel oils, both decoloration using activated clay and alkali deacidification were attempted, where the combination of alkali deacidification and 10% of activated clay performed the best considering both quality and cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Guangdong International Joint Research Center for Oilseeds Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (C.Q.)
- International College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Xiaoci Zhuang
- Guangdong International Joint Research Center for Oilseeds Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (C.Q.)
| | - Xinrui Wu
- International College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Chaoying Qiu
- Guangdong International Joint Research Center for Oilseeds Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (C.Q.)
- Qingyuan Yaokang Biotechnology, Qingyuan 513200, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Guangdong International Joint Research Center for Oilseeds Biorefinery, Nutrition and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (C.Q.)
- International College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-8522-0032; Fax: +86-20-8522-6630
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Rhazi L, Depeint F, Ayerdi Gotor A. Loss in the Intrinsic Quality and the Antioxidant Activity of Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) Oil during an Industrial Refining Process. Molecules 2022; 27:916. [PMID: 35164180 PMCID: PMC8839766 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Minor compounds in vegetable oils are of health interest due to their powerful biological antioxidant properties. In order to extend the shelf life of sunflower oil, it is generally subjected to a refining process that can affect these desirable compounds. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effect of this chemical/physical refining process on selected minor components of sunflower oil in order to establish the nutritional quality and health properties of the oil. The oxidative stability, contents of fatty acids, tocopherols, phytosterols, reducing capacity, β-carotene, chlorophyll, and squalene were studied during six refining steps. Quantitative data showed the evolution of oil quality according to its degree of refinement. The results showed a significant decrease for all of the minor compounds analyzed, with losses in carotenoids of 98.6%, 8.5% in tocopherols, 19.5% in phytosterols and 45.0% in squalene. The highest reductions were recorded for the compounds that alter the most the visual aspects of the oil (waxes, carotenoids and chlorophylls) whereas reduction was limited for the compounds with no impact on the organoleptic quality. The losses in the compounds of health interest should be minimized by improving the refining processes and/or having a greater content of those molecules in crude oil by breeding new performing varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larbi Rhazi
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d’Artois, ULR 7519, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026 Beauvais, France;
| | - Flore Depeint
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, Université d’Artois, ULR 7519, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026 Beauvais, France;
| | - Alicia Ayerdi Gotor
- Institut Polytechnique UniLaSalle, AGHYLE, UP 2018.C101, 19 Rue Pierre Waguet, BP 30313, 60026 Beauvais, France;
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