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Wang L, Gao M, Kang G, Huang H. The Potential Role of Phytonutrients Flavonoids Influencing Gut Microbiota in the Prophylaxis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Nutr 2021; 8:798038. [PMID: 34970585 PMCID: PMC8713745 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.798038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by the chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, is comprised of two idiopathic chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases. As the incidence of IBD increases, so does the need for safe and effective treatments. Trillions of microorganisms are colonized in the mammalian intestine, coevolve with the host in a symbiotic relationship. Gut microbiota has been reported to be involved in the pathophysiology of IBD. In this regard, phytonutrients flavonoids have received increasing attention for their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this review, we address recent advances in the interactions among flavonoids, gut microbiota, and IBD. Moreover, their possible potential mechanisms of action in IBD have been discussed. We conclude that there is a complex interaction between flavonoids and gut microbiota. It is expected that flavonoids can change or reshape the gut microbiota to provide important considerations for developing treatments for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengxue Gao
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangbo Kang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Kang JE, Park SK, Kang JY, Kim JM, Kwon BS, Park SH, Lee CJ, Yoo SK, Heo HJ. Actinidia arguta Sprout as a Natural Antioxidant: Ameliorating Effect on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cognitive Impairment. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:51-62. [PMID: 33046678 PMCID: PMC9705939 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2009.09012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Here, we investigated the prebiotic and antioxidant effects of Actinidia arguta sprout water extract (AASWE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cognitive deficit mice. AASWE increased viable cell count, titratable acidity, and acetic acid production in Lactobacillus reuteri strain and showed a cytoprotective effect on LPS-induced inflammation in HT-29 cells. We assessed the behavior of LPSinduced cognitive deficit mice using Y-maze, passive avoidance and Morris water maze tests and found that administration of AASWE significantly improved learning and memory function. The AASWE group showed antioxidant activity through downregulation of malondialdehyde levels and upregulation of superoxide dismutase levels in brain tissue. In addition, the AASWE group exhibited activation of the cholinergic system with decreased acetylcholinesterase activity in brain tissue. Furthermore, AASWE effectively downregulated inflammatory mediators such as phosphorylated- JNK, phosphorylated-NF-κB, TNF-α and interleukin-6. The major bioactive compounds of AASWE were identified as quercetin-3-O-arabinopyranosyl(1→2)-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)-glucopyranose, quercetin-3-O-apiosyl(1→2)-galactoside, rutin, and 3-caffeoylquinic acid. Based on these results, we suggest that AASWE not only increases the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestines, but also shows an ameliorating effect on LPS-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Eun Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (BK2), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Kyeong Park
- Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (BK2), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yong Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (BK2), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (BK2), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Seok Kwon
- Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (BK2), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (BK2), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Jun Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (BK2), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea,Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Ki Yoo
- Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (BK2), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jin Heo
- Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (BK2), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-55-772-1907 Fax: +82-55-772-1909 E-mail:
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Schematic overview of oligosaccharides, with survey on their major physiological effects and a focus on milk ones. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2020.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Chiu HF, Chen YJ, Lu YY, Han YC, Shen YC, Venkatakrishnan K, Wang CK. Regulatory efficacy of fermented plant extract on the intestinal microflora and lipid profile in mildly hypercholesterolemic individuals. J Food Drug Anal 2016; 25:819-827. [PMID: 28987358 PMCID: PMC9328888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the use of fermented plant products to protect against various metabolic syndromes has been increasing enormously. The objective of this study was to check the regulatory efficacy of fermented plant extract (FPE) on intestinal microflora, lipid profile, and antioxidant status in mildly hypercholesterolemic volunteers. Forty-four mildly hypercholesterolemic individuals (cholesterol 180–220 mg/dL) were recruited and assigned to two groups: experimental or placebo. Volunteers were requested to drink either 60 mL of FPE or placebo for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measurements were done in the initial, 4th, 8th, and 10th weeks. The anthropometric parameters such as body weight, body fat, and body mass index were markedly lowered (p < 0.05) on FPE intervention participants. Moreover, the total antioxidant capacity and total phenolics in plasma were considerably increased along with a reduction (p < 0.05) in total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) after FPE supplementation. Participants who drank FPE showed a pronounced increase (p < 0.05) in the number of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp., whereas the number of harmful bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens (p < 0.05) were concomitantly reduced. Furthermore, the lag time of LDL oxidation was substantially ameliorated in FPE-administered group, thus indicating its antioxidative and cardioprotective properties. Treatment with FPE substantially improved the intestinal microflora and thereby positively regulated various physiological functions by lowering the anthropometric parameters, TC, and LDL-c, and remarkably elevated the antioxidant capacity and lag time of LDL oxidation. Therefore, we recommended FPE beverage for combating hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Chiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital Ministry of Health and Well-being, Taichung,
Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen-Jung Chen
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City,
Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yan-Ying Lu
- Department of Neurology, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City,
Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Chun Han
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City,
Taiwan, ROC
| | - You-Cheng Shen
- School of Health Diet and Industry Management, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City,
Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kamesh Venkatakrishnan
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City,
Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chin-Kun Wang
- School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City,
Taiwan, ROC
- Corresponding author. School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City, Taiwan, ROC. E-mail address: (C.-K. Wang)
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