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Secretion into Milk of the Main Metabolites of the Anthelmintic Albendazole Is Mediated by the ABCG2/BCRP Transporter. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022; 66:e0006222. [PMID: 35736132 PMCID: PMC9295555 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00062-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Albendazole (ABZ) is an anthelmintic with a broad-spectrum activity, widely used in human and veterinary medicine. ABZ is metabolized in all mammalian species to albendazole sulfoxide (ABZSO), albendazole sulfone (ABZSO2) and albendazole 2-aminosulphone (ABZSO2-NH2). ABZSO and ABZSO2 are the main metabolites detected in plasma and all three are detected in milk. The ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2) is an efflux transporter that is involved in the active secretion of several compounds into milk. Previous studies have reported that ABZSO was in vitro transported by ABCG2. The aim of this work is to correlate the in vitro interaction between ABCG2 and the other ABZ metabolites with their secretion into milk by this transporter. Using in vitro transepithelial assays with cells transduced with murine Abcg2 and human ABCG2, we show that ABZSO2 and ABZSO2-NH2 are in vitro substrates of both. In vivo assays carried out with wild-type and Abcg2-/- lactating female mice demonstrated that secretion into milk of these ABZ metabolites was mediated by Abcg2. Milk concentrations and milk-to-plasma ratio were higher in wild-type compared to Abcg2-/- mice for all the metabolites tested. We conclude that ABZ metabolites are undoubtedly in vitro substrates of ABCG2 and actively secreted into milk by ABCG2.
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Atta AH, Atta SA, Nasr SM, Mouneir SM. Current perspective on veterinary drug and chemical residues in food of animal origin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:15282-15302. [PMID: 34981398 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The marked increase in the demand for animal protein of high quality necessitates protecting animals from infectious diseases. This requires increasing the use of veterinary therapeutics. The overuse and misuse of veterinary products can cause a risk to human health either as short-term or long-term health problems. However, the biggest problem is the emergence of resistant strains of bacteria or parasites. This is in addition to economic losses due to the discarding of polluted milk or condemnation of affected carcasses. This paper discusses three key points: possible sources of drug and chemical residues, human health problems, and the possible method of control and prevention of veterinary drug residues in animal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attia H Atta
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Shimaa A Atta
- Immunology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Soad M Nasr
- Department of Parasitology & Animal Diseases, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Samar M Mouneir
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
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He Z, Diao Z, Guo Y, Xie K, Chen L, Xue C, Lu Y, Chen J, Zhang T. Simultaneous Determination of Albendazole and Its Three Metabolites in Pig and Poultry Muscle by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detection. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102350. [PMID: 34681399 PMCID: PMC8535246 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A fast, simple and efficient ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (UPLC-FLD) method for the determination of residues of albendazole (ABZ) and its three metabolites, albendazole sulfone (ABZ-SO2), albendazole sulfoxide (ABZ-SO), and albendazole-2-aminosulfone (ABZ-2NH2-SO2), in pig and poultry muscle (chicken, duck and goose) was established. The samples were extracted with ethyl acetate, and the extracts were further subjected to cleanup by utilizing a series of liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) steps. Then, extracts were purified by OASIS® PRiME hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges (60 mg/3 mL). The target compounds were separated on an ACQUITY UPLC® BEH C18 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) chromatographic column, using a mobile phase composed of 31% acetonitrile and 69% aqueous solution (containing 0.2% formic acid and 0.05% triethylamine). The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) of the four target compounds in pig and poultry muscle were 0.2-3.8 µg/kg and 1.0-10.9 µg/kg, respectively. The recoveries were all above 80.37% when the muscle samples were spiked with the four target compounds at the LOQ, 0.5 maximum residue limit (MRL), 1.0 MRL, and 2.0 MRL levels. The intraday relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 5.11%, and the interday RSDs were less than 6.29%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyuan He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.G.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (T.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Zhixiang Diao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.G.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (T.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Yawen Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.G.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (T.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Kaizhou Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.G.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (T.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-5275-0925
| | - Lan Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chun Xue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.G.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (T.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Yang Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.G.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (T.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Jinyuan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.G.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (T.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Z.H.); (Z.D.); (Y.G.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (J.C.); (T.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
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Imperiale F, Lanusse C. The Pattern of Blood-Milk Exchange for Antiparasitic Drugs in Dairy Ruminants. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102758. [PMID: 34679780 PMCID: PMC8532883 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This review article is focused on the description of the plasma–milk partition coefficients for different antiparasitic drug classes in dairy ruminants, and it contributes to rational pharmaco-therapy in lactating dairy animals, which is critical to understand the pattern of drug excretion in milk as well as the residual concentration patterns in dairy products elaborated by processing milk from drug-treated animals. Abstract The prolonged persistence of milk residual concentration of different antiparasitic drugs in lactating dairy animals should be considered before recommending their use (label or extra-label) for parasite control in dairy animals. The partition blood-to-milk ratio for different antiparasitic compounds depends on their ability to diffuse across the mammary gland epithelium. The high lipophilicity of some of the most widely used antiparasitic drugs explains their high partition into milk and the extended persistence of high residual concentrations in milk after treatment. Most of the antiparasitic drug compounds studied were shown to be stable in various milk-related industrial processes. Thus, the levels of residues detected in raw milk can be directly applicable to estimating consumer exposure and dietary intake calculations when consuming heat-processed fluid milk. However, after milk is processed to obtain milk products such as cheese, yogurt, ricotta, and butter, the residues of lipophilic antiparasitic drugs are higher than those measured in the milk used for their elaboration. This review article contributes pharmacokinetics-based information, which is useful to understand the relevance of rational drug-based parasite control in lactating dairy ruminants to avoid undesirable consequences of residual drug concentrations in milk and derived products intended for human consumption.
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Parmar JK, Chaubey KK, Gupta V, Bharath MN. Assessment of various veterinary drug residues in animal originated food products. Vet World 2021; 14:1650-1664. [PMID: 34316216 PMCID: PMC8304421 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1650-1664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The veterinary drugs are broad-spectrum antibacterial antibiotics; it uses to cure the animal disease. Many countries have banned veterinary drug residues like nitrofurans metabolites, chloramphenicol. However, the people were administrated veterinary drugs to animals as illegal to increase the milk production in animals for economic benefit. The results of illegally use of veterinary drugs remain as a residue in animal product like milk and it is very harmful to whom consume it cause cancer and allergic for human being which has entered the concern among milk consumers. To control illegal use of veterinary drugs, the government of India has restricted its use in animals. For the identification and confirmation of veterinary drug residues in animal products, analytical techniques such as liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry are available. These are very sophisticated equipments which are available nowadays and their methodologies for the analytical method validation are described by European commission 2002/657/EC. The use of veterinary drugs is a big challenge to effectively identify and authorization of their use. There are so many analytical techniques are using very effectively and taking very less time to protect the consumers from their adverse effects. These techniques take very less time to identify more groups of compounds such as tetracycline, sulfonamides, anthelmintic, and macrolides in single multi-residue method. These methods having validation parameters include system precision, calibration curve, accuracy, limit of detection, and quantification. Therefore, improvement in the existing technologies and accessibility of new screening methodologies will give opportunities for automation that helps in obtaining the results in very less time and improved sensitivity and specificity which contribute to better safety assurance, standard, and quality of various food products of animal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdish Kumar Parmar
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Chaumuhan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.,TUV India Pvt. Ltd., Sus Rd, Mulshi, Pune, Maharashtra, India.,EUREKA Analytical Services Pvt. Ltd. 31 Milestone, Main GT Road, Kundli, Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Kundan Kumar Chaubey
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Chaumuhan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Gupta
- TUV India Pvt. Ltd., Sus Rd, Mulshi, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manthena Nava Bharath
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Chaumuhan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Portela ACV, Silveira JGF, Damaceno MA, da Silva AFB, de Jesus RB, Pilarski F, Gadaj A, Mooney MH, Paschoal JAR. Food safety evaluation for the use of albendazole in fish: residual depletion profile and withdrawal period estimation. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:596-606. [PMID: 32023180 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1719285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Due to the lack of drugs regulated for aquaculture, we have evaluated the use of albendazole (ABZ) - a potential drug to be regulated for fish - under food safety perspectives assessing the depletion profile of ABZ and its main metabolites (albendazole sulphoxide - ABZSO, albendazole sulphone - ABZSO2 and albendazole amino sulphone - ABZ-2-NH2SO2) in fish fillets (muscle and skin) after single dose oral administration of 10 mg ABZ kg-1 body weight. For the drug administration, a suitable procedure for ABZ incorporation into fish feed was employed, obtaining good homogeneity of ABZ concentration among feed pellets (CV<4.1%) and low drug leaching when medicated feed remained in the water for up to 60 min (<2.7%). After medication, fish were euthanised at 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h and fillets collected. Depletion studies in various fish species (patinga and tilapia) were conducted simultaneously, under water temperature at 30.4 ± 0.3 °C and pH 6.8 ± 0.1. The highest concentrations for the sum of residues (ABZ, ABZSO, ABZSO2 and ABZ-2-NH2SO2) in fish fillet were 1210 ng g-1 in patinga and 637 ng g-1 in tilapia. Under the employed rearing conditions, the obtained results did not indicate a requirement for a minimum withdrawal period to be proposed for tilapia considering the maximum residue limit of 100 µg g-1, since the determined residual concentration was <LOQ (10 ng g-1) from 24 h post medication treatment. For patinga, the estimated minimum withdrawal period was 3 days. With the well-recognised demands for new alternative veterinary drugs for aquaculture use by fish farmers, this study offers important evidence for consideration of ABZ use in tilapia and patinga taking into account food safety issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Vellosa Portela
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Física e Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brasil
| | - Juliana Grell Fernandes Silveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Física e Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brasil
| | - Marina Alves Damaceno
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Física e Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brasil
| | - Agnaldo Fernando Baldo da Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Física e Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brasil
| | | | - Fabiana Pilarski
- Centro de Aquicultura da Unesp, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Anna Gadaj
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Mark H Mooney
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Jonas Augusto Rizzato Paschoal
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Física e Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brasil
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Nobre COR, de Matos AFIM, Monteiro JP, de Souza V, Smith WD, Teixeira M. Benefits of vaccinating goats against Haemonchus contortus during gestation and lactation. Small Rumin Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sepe L, Argüello A. Recent advances in dairy goat products. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019; 32:1306-1320. [PMID: 31357271 PMCID: PMC6668858 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Goat population world-wide is increasing, and the dairy goat sector is developing accordingly. Although the new technology applied to the goat industry is being introduced slowly because the weight of traditional subsector in the dairy sector, considerable advances have been made in the last decade. Present review focuses on the emerging topics in the dairy goat sector. Research and development of traditional and new dairy goat products are reviewed, including the new research in the use of goat milk in infant formula. The research in alternatives to brine, production of skimmed goat cheeses and the use of different modified atmosphere packaging are also addressed. Special attention is given to antibiotic residues and their determination in goat milk. Functional foods for human benefits are a trending topic. Health properties recently discovered in dairy goat products are included in the paper, with special attention to the antioxidant activity. The dual-purpose use of goats by humankind is affecting the way of how new technology is being incorporated in the dairy goat sector and will certainly affect the future development of dairy goat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Sepe
- CREA Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Bella Muro 85051, Italy
| | - Anastasio Argüello
- Animal Production and Biotechnology Group, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Las Palmas 35413, Spain
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Chang SH, Lai YH, Huang CN, Peng GJ, Liao CD, Kao YM, Tseng SH, Wang DY. Multi-residue analysis using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for detection of 20 coccidiostats in poultry, livestock, and aquatic tissues. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:703-716. [PMID: 31324286 PMCID: PMC9307037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we developed a novel analysis method based on liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to allow the simultaneous identification of 20 coccidiostats in eight matrix categories, including the muscles of chicken, swine, cow, and fish as well as chicken eggs, bovine milk, and porcine viscera. In the pretreatment procedure, acetonitrile/methanol (95:5, v/v) containing 1% formic acid, 5 g of sodium acetate, and 6.0 g of anhydrous magnesium sulfate was used for extraction, followed by a clean-up procedure using n-hexane saturated with ACN to facilitate the elimination of analytes from high lipid samples. Chromatographic separations were achieved using a Poroshell 120SB C18 column and operated with a gradient mobile phase system consisting of methanol (with 0.1% formic acid) and 5 mM ammonium formate, and the MS detection was monitored simultaneously. The method was validated in accordance with the Guidelines for the Validation of Food Chemical Methods by the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration. The limit of quantitation among 8 matrices were 0.5–2 ng g−1. The proposed method proved highly effective in detecting the presence of targeted veterinary drugs, providing a high degree of precision and accuracy over a broad range of matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Hsien Chang
- Corresponding author. Fax: +886 226531256. E-mail address: (S.-H. Chang)
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