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Cândido da Silva MC, Cardoso Viana A, Araújo Carvalho AJDB, Colombo Pimentel T, Magnani M, Dos Santos Lima M. Impact of sulfite use and acidification on chemical quality components in thermally processed watermelon juices. Food Res Int 2024; 180:114088. [PMID: 38395581 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The present study compared pasteurized and reconstituted (from vacuum-concentrated) watermelon juices with sulfite use (∼40 mg/L) and acidification (pH = 4.2) to fresh watermelon juices. The products were evaluated for phenolics, free amino acids, carotenoids, sugars, organic acids, and alcohols by high-performance liquid chromatography-HPLC and the volatile profile by headspace-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(HS-GC/MS). Pasteurization had no significant impact on most of the chemical components. Furthermore, it potentiated typical watermelon aromas (E,E)-2,6-nonadienal, (Z)-3-nonen-1-ol, 4-hexen-1-ol, (E,Z)-3,6-nonadien-1-ol, 6-amino-2-methyl-2-heptanol, (E)-6-nonenal, (E)-2-nonenal, pentanal, nonanal and 1-nonanol), without off-flavor compounds formation. On the other hand, the reconstituted juice showed reduced amino acids (serine, glutamine, and tryptophan), phenolics (epicatechin gallate, myricetin, and cis-resveratrol), carotenoids (lycopene, β-carotene, and violaxanthin) and most volatile compounds. Our results showed that sulfite and acidification could maintain watermelon juice's nutritional and quality parameters after pasteurization. The vacuum concentration and reconstitution processes negatively impacted the evaluated compounds. Our findings contribute to improving thermal processes in watermelon juices for better preservation of nutrients, flavor, and bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carla Cândido da Silva
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Castelo Branco III, CEP 58059-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Arão Cardoso Viana
- Instituto Federal do Sertão Pernambucano, Campus Petrolina, Departamento de Tecnologia em Alimentos - Laboratório de Tecnologia de Bebidas, Jardim São Paulo, CEP 56314-520 Petrolina, PE, Brazil.
| | - Ana Júlia de Brito Araújo Carvalho
- Instituto Federal do Sertão Pernambucano, Campus Petrolina, Departamento de Tecnologia em Alimentos - Laboratório de Tecnologia de Bebidas, Jardim São Paulo, CEP 56314-520 Petrolina, PE, Brazil.
| | | | - Marciane Magnani
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Castelo Branco III, CEP 58059-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Marcos Dos Santos Lima
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Castelo Branco III, CEP 58059-900 João Pessoa, PB, Brazil; Instituto Federal do Sertão Pernambucano, Campus Petrolina, Departamento de Tecnologia em Alimentos - Laboratório de Tecnologia de Bebidas, Jardim São Paulo, CEP 56314-520 Petrolina, PE, Brazil.
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Zayed S, Belal F, Barghash S, Fouad F. Simultaneous determination of selected ionophoric coccidiostats and amino acids in feed premixes using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection method. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2300761. [PMID: 38403454 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The combination of ionophoric coccidiostats and amino acids (AAs) is important in poultry feeding to enhance immunity and improve the growth and feed efficiency of birds suffering from coccidiosis. A simple, rapid, and economical high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) method for the simultaneous determination of three ionophoric coccidiostats, namely salinomycin (SAL), maduramicin (MAD), and monensin (MON) in addition to three AAs; L-tryptophan (L-TRP), alpha-ketoleucin (KLEU), and L-valine (L-VAL) in feed premixes was developed and validated. Chromatographic separation was achieved in less than 12 min using a phenyl hexyl column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/methanol/water (25:20:55, v/v/v) adjusted to pH 3 using phosphoric acid. Isocratic elution was performed at a flow rate of 1 mL/min with UV detection at 210 nm. The method showed good linearity in the ranges 0.50-5.0 mg/mL for MON, 0.20-2.0 mg/mL for MAD and SAL, 10.0-100.0 μg/mL for L-TRP and KLEU, and 50.0-500.0 μg/mL for VAL. The developed method was successfully applied to determine the studied analytes in feed premixes with good recoveries and precision. The good validation criteria of the proposed method allow its utilization in quality control laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Zayed
- Unit of Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Fathalla Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sona Barghash
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma Fouad
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Colombié S, Prigent S, Cassan C, Hilbert-Masson G, Renaud C, Dell'Aversana E, Carillo P, Moing A, Beaumont C, Beauvoit B, McCubbin T, Nielsen LK, Gibon Y. Comparative constraint-based modelling of fruit development across species highlights nitrogen metabolism in the growth-defence trade-off. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:786-803. [PMID: 37531405 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Although primary metabolism is well conserved across species, it is useful to explore the specificity of its network to assess the extent to which some pathways may contribute to particular outcomes. Constraint-based metabolic modelling is an established framework for predicting metabolic fluxes and phenotypes and helps to explore how the plant metabolic network delivers specific outcomes from temporal series. After describing the main physiological traits during fruit development, we confirmed the correlations between fruit relative growth rate (RGR), protein content and time to maturity. Then a constraint-based method is applied to a panel of eight fruit species with a knowledge-based metabolic model of heterotrophic cells describing a generic metabolic network of primary metabolism. The metabolic fluxes are estimated by constraining the model using a large set of metabolites and compounds quantified throughout fruit development. Multivariate analyses showed a clear common pattern of flux distribution during fruit development with differences between fast- and slow-growing fruits. Only the latter fruits mobilise the tricarboxylic acid cycle in addition to glycolysis, leading to a higher rate of respiration. More surprisingly, to balance nitrogen, the model suggests, on the one hand, nitrogen uptake by nitrate reductase to support a high RGR at early stages of cucumber and, on the other hand, the accumulation of alkaloids during ripening of pepper and eggplant. Finally, building virtual fruits by combining 12 biomass compounds shows that the growth-defence trade-off is supported mainly by cell wall synthesis for fast-growing fruits and by total polyphenols accumulation for slow-growing fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Colombié
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Cédric Cassan
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Ghislaine Hilbert-Masson
- EGFV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Christel Renaud
- EGFV, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Emilia Dell'Aversana
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Petronia Carillo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Annick Moing
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Chloé Beaumont
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Bertrand Beauvoit
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Tim McCubbin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads (Building 75), Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Lars Keld Nielsen
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Roads (Building 75), Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Yves Gibon
- Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
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Ntorkou M, Tsanaktsidou E, Chachlioutaki K, Fatouros DG, Markopoulou CK. In Vitro Permeability Study of Homotaurine Using a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection Pre-Column Derivatization Method. Molecules 2023; 28:7086. [PMID: 37894565 PMCID: PMC10609320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Homotaurine (HOM) is considered a promising drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. In the present work, a new high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) (λex. = 340 nm and λem. = 455 nm) method was developed and validated for the study of substance permeability in the central nervous system (CNS). Analysis was performed on a RP-C18 column with a binary gradient elution system consisting of methanol-potassium phosphate buffer solution (pH = 7.0, 0.02 M) as mobile phase. Samples of homotaurine and histidine (internal standard) were initially derivatized with ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) (0.01 M), N-acetylcysteine (0.01 M) and borate buffer (pH = 10.5; 0.05 M). To ensure the stability and efficiency of the reaction, the presence of different nucleophilic reagents, namely (a) 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), (b) N-acetylcysteine (NAC), (c) tiopronin (Thiola), (d) 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) and (e) captopril, was investigated. The method was validated (R2 = 0.9999, intra-day repeatability %RSD < 3.22%, inter-day precision %RSD = 1.83%, limits of detection 5.75 ng/mL and limits of quantification 17.43 ng/mL, recovery of five different concentrations 99.75-101.58%) and successfully applied to investigate the in vitro permeability of homotaurine using Franz diffusion cells. The apparent permeability (Papp) of HOM was compared with that of memantine, which is considered a potential therapeutic drug for various CNSs. Our study demonstrates that homotaurine exhibits superior permeability through the simulated blood-brain barrier compared to memantine, offering promising insights for enhanced drug delivery strategies targeting neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Ntorkou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.N.); (E.T.)
| | - Eleni Tsanaktsidou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.N.); (E.T.)
| | - Konstantina Chachlioutaki
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.C.); (D.G.F.)
| | - Dimitrios G. Fatouros
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (K.C.); (D.G.F.)
| | - Catherine K. Markopoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.N.); (E.T.)
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Comparative Analysis of Roots from Vicatia thibetica de Boiss and Angelica sinensis Based on Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Nitrite-Scavenging and Enzyme Inhibition Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041942. [PMID: 36838931 PMCID: PMC9962074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Radix Vicatia thibetica de Boiss (RVT) is locally known as "Xigui" or "Dujiao-danggui" in Tibetan medicine and is often used as a substitute for Radix Angelica sinensis (RAS) in daily nourishing diets and clinical applications. In this study, we determined and compared the contents of polysaccharides, total coumarins, ferulic acid, total phenols, total flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, protein, and amino acids, and the composition of volatile oil in RVT and RAS. Biological activities, including antioxidants, scavenging of nitrite, inhibition of tyrosinase, thrombin, and coagulation FXa, were comparatively evaluated. Results showed that RVT contains more polysaccharides, phenols, flavonoids, proteins, glutamic acid, and lysine as compared to RAS. Among volatile compounds, 14 species are similar, and 20 species are different in RVT and RAS. Overall, among volatile compounds, the content of 3-N-Butylphthalide was higher, whereas the content of ligustilide was lower in RVT volatile oil. A significant difference was reported in the bioactivity of RVT and RAS. The biological activity of RVT had higher antioxidant, nitrite scavenging, and tyrosinase inhibitory activities, whereas it showed much lower thrombin and FXa inhibitory activities. Correlation analysis showed that the antioxidant, nitrite scavenging, and tyrosinase inhibitory activities were related to the phenol and flavonoid content, whereas the thrombin and FXa inhibitory activities were related to ferulic acid and volatile oil content. This study presents a comparative analysis of RAS and RVT's chemical compositions of antioxidant, nitrite-scavenging, inhibition of tyrosinase, thrombin, and coagulation FXa activities. It was found that both RVT and RAS have their unique advantages, and RVT has the potential to be utilized as functional foods, cosmetics, and medical products.
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Eid SM, Farag MA, Bawazeer S. Underivatized Amino Acid Chromatographic Separation: Optimized Conditions for HPLC-UV Simultaneous Quantification of Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Threonine, Histidine, Valine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan, and Tyrosine in Dietary Supplements. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:31106-31114. [PMID: 36092579 PMCID: PMC9453785 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids (AAs) are considered as the building blocks of life. Unlike nonessential AAs, the human body cannot synthesize essential AAs and should be supplied in food or dietary supplements. The aim of the work is simultaneous HPLC-UV determination of 10 structurally related AAs without pre- or postderivatization in powdered dietary supplements (PDSs). This was challenging, especially because PDS has no standardized procedures for its quality control. HPLC-UV chromatograms of the 10 AAs were recorded using a gradient elution of the mobile phase on a CLC-C18 column at 225 nm. The elution started with 100% of phosphate buffer (pH 7.4, 10 mM) for 10 min; then, the concentration of acetonitrile increased linearly to reach 50% for another 15 min at room temperature. Good separation was achieved within a 25 min run time without pre- or postderivatization. The method was carefully validated according to the ICH guidelines over the linearity range of 100-200, 50-200, 20-150, 50-400, 20-250, 75-175, 50-250, 50-250, 50-300, and 5-100 μg/mL for l-lysine, l-threonine, l-histidine, l-valine, l-methionine, l-isoleucine, l-leucine, l-tyrosine, l-phenylalanine, and l-tryptophan, respectively, with mean recoveries ranges between 98.91 and 100.77. The method was found to be precise, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was found to be between 0.28 and 1.92 with recoveries between 97.91 and 101.11. The method was found to be robust that resists deliberate changes in pH, flow rate, and mobile-phase percentages. It was successfully applied for the analysis of PDSs. The proposed method could be very useful for the quality control of the 10 structurally related AAs during their synthesis and for testing raw materials and pharmaceutical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif M. Eid
- Analytical
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6 October
City 12511, Giza, Egypt
- ,
| | - Mohamed A. Farag
- Pharmacognosy
Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Sami Bawazeer
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Umm Al-Qura University,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Makkah 21421, Saudi Arabia
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Volino-Souza M, Oliveira GV, Vargas R, Tavares AC, Conte-Junior CA, Alvares TDS. Effect of microencapsulated watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) intake on plasma amino acids and glycemic response in healthy adults. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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OUP accepted manuscript. J AOAC Int 2022; 105:1193-1199. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsac009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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LI Y, S RAMASWAMY H, LI J, GAO Y, YANG C, ZHANG X, IRSHAD A, REN Y. Nutrient evaluation of the seed, pulp, flesh, and peel of spaghetti squash. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.70920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang LI
- Northwest A&F University, China
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A Simple Isocratic HPLC–UV Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Citrulline and Arginine in Australian Cucurbits and Other Fruits. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02110-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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11
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Synaridou MS, Tsamis V, Sidiropoulou G, Zacharis CK, Panderi I, Markopoulou CK. Fluorimetric Analysis of Five Amino Acids in Chocolate: Development and Validation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144325. [PMID: 34299600 PMCID: PMC8308014 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acids present ergogenic action, helping to increase, protect, and restore the muscular system of young athletes. Moreover, the encapsulation of five relevant amino acids in chocolate pellet form will appeal to them, facilitating their daily consumption. A reliable HPLC fluorimetric method was developed to detect and quantitatively determine L-Leucine, L-Isoleucine, L-Histidine, L-Valine, and β-Alanine in chocolate using aniline as an internal standard. Experimental design methodology was used to investigate and optimize the clean-up procedure of the samples. Therefore, three extraction techniques (solid-phase extraction (by two different SPE cartridges) and liquid–solid extraction (LSE)) were compared and evaluated. The LOQ values in chocolate varied from 24 to 118 ng/g (recovery 89.7–95.6%, %RSD < 2.5). Amino acids were pre-column derivatized with o-phthalaldehyde (OPA), while derivatization parameters were thoroughly investigated by experimental design methodology. The analysis was performed by HPLC-fluorescence (emission: λ = 455 nm, excitation: λ = 340 nm) method using a C18 column and a mixture of phosphate buffer (pH = 2.8; 20 mM)-methanol as a mobile phase in gradient elution. The method was validated (r2 > 0.999, %RSD < 2, LOD: 10 ng mL−1 for histidine and leucine, 2 ng mL−1 for alanine and valine, and 4 ng mL−1 for Isoleucine) according to the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria S. Synaridou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.S.S.); (V.T.); (G.S.); (C.K.Z.)
| | - Vasilis Tsamis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.S.S.); (V.T.); (G.S.); (C.K.Z.)
| | - Georgia Sidiropoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.S.S.); (V.T.); (G.S.); (C.K.Z.)
| | - Constantinos K. Zacharis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.S.S.); (V.T.); (G.S.); (C.K.Z.)
| | - Irene Panderi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian Universityof Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Catherine K. Markopoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.S.S.); (V.T.); (G.S.); (C.K.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2310-997665
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Luo C, Liu J, Liang Y, Shen X, Zhang X, Zhou W. Antitumor chemical constituents of Toddalia asiatica (Linn) Lam root bark and its rational alternative medicinal parts by multivariate statistical analysis. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2021. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2020.00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractToddalia asiatica (Linn) Lam (T. asiatica) as a traditional Miao medicine was investigated to find rational alternative medicinal parts for T. asiatica root bark and its antitumor chemical constituents by quantitative pharmacognostic microscopy, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint and multivariate statistical analysis. A bivariate correlation analysis method based on microscopic characteristics and content of chemical constituents was established for the first time, there were some regular discoveries between powder microscopic characteristics and common chromatographic peaks of T. asiatica through quantitative pharmacognostic microscopy, cork cells, calcium oxalate square crystal, brown clump, starch granule and phloem fiber, as powder microscopic characteristics may be placed where the main chemical constitutes were enriched. Scores plot of principal component analysis (PCA) and dendrogram of hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) showed that 18 T. asiatica samples were distinguished correctly, clustered clearly into two main groups as follows: S01∼S03 (root bark) and S07∼S09 (stem bark) in cluster 1, S04∼S06 and S10∼S18 in cluster 2. Nineteen common peaks were obtained in HPLC fingerprint of T. asiatica, loadings plot of PCA indicated seven compounds played important roles in different part of samples (P10 > P08 > P07 > P14 > P16 > P17 > P19), peaks 04, 06, 07, 08, 10 were identified as hesperidin, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, toddalolactone, isopimpinlline and pimpinellin. MTT assay was used to determine the inhibitory activity of different medicinal parts of T. asiatica on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, all parts of T. asiatica had different inhibitory effects on MCF-7 cell lines, root and stem barks of T. asiatica showed the best inhibitory activity. The relationship between chemical constituents and the inhibitions on MCF-7 cell had been established, significant antitumor constituents of T. asiatica were identified by correlation analysis, the order of the antitumor effect of the main compounds was P07 (toddalolactone) > P16 > P06 (4-methoxycinnamic acid), P11 > P18 > P10 (pimpinellin) > P08 (isopimpinellin) > P01 > P19 > P14 > P04 (hesperidin) > P17, which were antitumor chemical constituents of T. asiatica root bark. T. asiatica stem bark was the most rational alternative medicinal part for T. asiatica root bark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cairong Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilizaiton of Natural Medicine Resources, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilizaiton of Natural Medicine Resources, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China
| | - Yan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilizaiton of Natural Medicine Resources, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China
| | - Xiangchun Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilizaiton of Natural Medicine Resources, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilizaiton of Natural Medicine Resources, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilizaiton of Natural Medicine Resources, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, PR China
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Simultaneous determination of five amino acid neurotransmitters in rat and porcine blood and brain by two-dimensional liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1163:122507. [PMID: 33387860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A method for the simultaneous determination of aspartic acid (Asp), glutamic acid (Glu), glycine (Gly), taurine (Tau) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in animal blood and brain by two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) combined with ultraviolet detection was established for the first time. First, the amino acid neurotransmitters (AANTs) were labeled on the corresponding fluorescent derivatives with 4-fluoro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-F), enriched on the extraction column and automatically transferred to the analytical column to achieve on-line extraction and complete separation of the target components. This method exhibited good selectivity, and the correlation coefficients for the analyte calibration curves of were > 0.99. The intra- and inter-day precisions were ≤ 16.03, and the accuracies were in the range of 70.59-116.20%. The system realizes the rapid detection and stability quantification of the five AANTs, which proves that the alternative dilution method is feasible. The results show that the system has high loading capacity, excellent resolution, and good peak shape and is not affected by other endogenous substances. Moreover, the developed method has been successfully applied to the analysis of biological samples in the blood and whole brain of rats and pigs. The content of AANTs in the hippocampus and cortex of rats was higher than that in those of pigs. This method is expected to provide applicability for the determination of AANTs in pharmacological, pharmaceutical and clinical research in nervous science.
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Md Noh MF, Gunasegavan RDN, Mustafa Khalid N, Balasubramaniam V, Mustar S, Abd Rashed A. Recent Techniques in Nutrient Analysis for Food Composition Database. Molecules 2020; 25:E4567. [PMID: 33036314 PMCID: PMC7582643 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Food composition database (FCD) provides the nutritional composition of foods. Reliable and up-to date FCD is important in many aspects of nutrition, dietetics, health, food science, biodiversity, plant breeding, food industry, trade and food regulation. FCD has been used extensively in nutrition labelling, nutritional analysis, research, regulation, national food and nutrition policy. The choice of method for the analysis of samples for FCD often depends on detection capability, along with ease of use, speed of analysis and low cost. Sample preparation is the most critical stage in analytical method development. Samples can be prepared using numerous techniques; however it should be applicable for a wide range of analytes and sample matrices. There are quite a number of significant improvements on sample preparation techniques in various food matrices for specific analytes highlighted in the literatures. Improvements on the technology used for the analysis of samples by specific instrumentation could provide an alternative to the analyst to choose for their laboratory requirement. This review provides the reader with an overview of recent techniques that can be used for sample preparation and instrumentation for food analysis which can provide wide options to the analysts in providing data to their FCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Fairulnizal Md Noh
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, No.1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13 Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia; (R.D.-N.G.); (N.M.K.); (V.B.); (S.M.); (A.A.R.)
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15
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Multivariate Analysis of Amino Acids and Health Beneficial Properties of Cantaloupe Varieties Grown in Six Locations in the United States. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091058. [PMID: 32824999 PMCID: PMC7570236 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cantaloupe is a good dietary source of amino acids, including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamine, and citrulline. However, the levels of these amino acids vary among different cantaloupe varieties grown in different locations. Understanding the variation in amino acid contents provides fundamentally important information for quality control and improving melon varieties. To examine this variation, we measured the amino acid contents in cantaloupes grown in six locations in the United States (Texas, Georgia, North Carolina, California, Indiana, and Arizona). Principal component analyses were applied to analyze the effect of growing location on the amino acid profiles in different varieties. The GABA content ranged from 1006.14 ± 64.77 to 3187.12 ± 64.96 µg/g and citrulline ranged from 92.65 ± 9.52 to 464.75 ± 34.97 µg/g depending on the variety and location. Total phenolic contents, α-amylase inhibition, and antioxidant activities were also measured. Tuscan type Da Vinci had significantly higher phenolic contents in Arizona (381.99 ± 16.21 µg/g) but had the lowest level when grown in California (224.56 ± 14.62 µg/g). Our analyses showed significant differences in amino acid levels, phenolics contents, and antioxidant activity in the cantaloupe varieties based on the growing location. These findings underline the importance of considering growing location in the selection and improvement of cantaloupe varieties.
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Min CW, Park J, Bae JW, Agrawal GK, Rakwal R, Kim Y, Yang P, Kim ST, Gupta R. In-Depth Investigation of Low-Abundance Proteins in Matured and Filling Stages Seeds of Glycine max Employing a Combination of Protamine Sulfate Precipitation and TMT-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis. Cells 2020; 9:E1517. [PMID: 32580392 PMCID: PMC7349688 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant technical advancements in mass spectrometry-based proteomics and bioinformatics resources, dynamic resolution of soybean seed proteome is still limited because of the high abundance of seed storage proteins (SSPs). These SSPs occupy a large proportion of the total seed protein and hinder the identification of low-abundance proteins. Here, we report a TMT-based quantitative proteome analysis of matured and filling stages seeds of high-protein (Saedanbaek) and low-protein (Daewon) soybean cultivars by application of a two-way pre-fractionation both at the levels of proteins (by PS) and peptides (by basic pH reverse phase chromatography). Interestingly, this approach led to the identification of more than 5900 proteins which is the highest number of proteins reported to date from soybean seeds. Comparative protein profiles of Saedanbaek and Daewon led to the identification of 2200 and 924 differential proteins in mature and filling stages seeds, respectively. Functional annotation of the differential proteins revealed enrichment of proteins related to major metabolism including amino acid, major carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism. In parallel, analysis of free amino acids and fatty acids in the filling stages showed higher contents of all the amino acids in the Saedanbaek while the fatty acids contents were found to be higher in the Daewon. Taken together, these results provide new insights into proteome changes during filling stages in soybean seeds. Moreover, results reported here also provide a framework for systemic and large-scale dissection of seed proteome for the seeds rich in SSPs by two-way pre-fractionation combined with TMT-based quantitative proteome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Woo Min
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea;
| | - Joonho Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.P.); (Y.K.)
| | - Jin Woo Bae
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea;
| | - Ganesh Kumar Agrawal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO 13265, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal; (G.K.A.); (R.R.)
- GRADE (Global Research Arch for Developing Education) Academy Private Limited, Adarsh Nagar-13, Birgunj 44300, Nepal
| | - Randeep Rakwal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO 13265, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal; (G.K.A.); (R.R.)
- GRADE (Global Research Arch for Developing Education) Academy Private Limited, Adarsh Nagar-13, Birgunj 44300, Nepal
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1Tennodai, Tsukuba 3058574, Japan
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.P.); (Y.K.)
| | - Pingfang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China;
| | - Sun Tae Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea;
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea;
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
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Abstract
This work considers a problem of raising a marinade quality for producing snack gherkin tinned food. There is offered a new way for raising a marinade food value. The aim of the work is to raise a tinned food quality at the expanse of recipe peculiarities of ingredients. There is offered to produce snack tinned food with adding mustard. The tinned food contains gherkin, sugar refined sunflower oil, kitchen vinegar 9 %, salt, dry mustard, grinded red pepper and chopped garlic. An optimal recipe for diminishing mass consumption of the raw materials is developed in the study. The tinned food recipe was modeled by the simplex method that allowed to get an optimal variant with a maximal complex quality parameter. According to the recipe, a bank of І-82-500 needs: gherkin – 375 g, sugar – 37.5 g, refined sunflower oil – 37.5 g., kitchen vinegar 9 % – 37.75 g, salt – 3.75 g, garlic – 3.75 g, mustard (powder) – 3.75 g, grinded red pepper – 1 g.
It is established, that the new snack tinned food is characterized by high organoleptic properties.
The technological scheme at producing the snack tinned food “Pickled gherkins with mustard” includes the following processes: preparation of the raw materials (cleaning, sorting), soaking in cold water for 5–8 hours; inspection; pouring with marinade; mixing and infusion; packing; closing; sterilization, formation of ready products. Gherkins are processed by the standard technology for pickled vegetables. Physical-chemical parameters in the raw materials and ready products were studied during the work: the content of soluble dry substances – by the refractometric method; the total content of organic acids – by titration; рН-medium – by the potentiometric method; the content of nitrates – by the ionometric method. Mustard was added for raising a food value and quality of the snack tinned food. It is healthy, because it improves the appetite, disintegrates fats and facilitates digestion of protein meals, at that activating metabolism. Main healthy properties of mustard are antimicrobial, antifungal, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Added spices and garlic give a pleasant taste and add the composition of mineral substances.
The developed recipe is designed for production technological lines and recommended for implementation at processing enterprises. The conducted work testifies to the expedience of producing new types of snack tinned food, which food value is increased and organoleptic parameters are improved at the expanse of ingredients.
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Ranc V, Chaloupková Z. Perspectives of DCDR-GERS in the analysis of amino acids. Analyst 2020; 145:7701-7708. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01564d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Graphene-enhanced Raman scattering (GERS) has attracted increasing attention from many scientists in recent years as a novel and potentially strong analytical technique since its discovery in 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Ranc
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Palacky University Olomouc
- 771 46 Olomouc
- Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Chaloupková
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials
- Palacky University Olomouc
- 771 46 Olomouc
- Czech Republic
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