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Saha R, Majie A, Baidya R, Sarkar B. Verbascoside: comprehensive review of a phenylethanoid macromolecule and its journey from nature to bench. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01555-3. [PMID: 39162902 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds are among the most widely researched compounds for various therapeutic applications. However, naturally occurring phenylethanoid glycosides are least explored under this class of compounds. One such phenylethanoid glycoside, verbascoside (Vb), abundantly found among 200 species of 23 families, has gained recent attention due to its wide-spectrum therapeutic properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, skin-protective, and anti-cancer. Despite having multiple therapeutic benefits, due to its large size, the compound has poor bioavailability for oral and topical applications. To meet these limitations, current research on Vb focuses on delivering it through nanoformulations. Presently, most developed formulations are liposome based for various applications, such as corneal epithelial wound healing, anti-neuropathic, anti-wrinkle, anti-hyperalgesia, atopic dermatitis, alopecia, and cutaneous wound healing. Multiple studies have confirmed the least acute and sub-acute toxicity for Vb. Few clinical studies have been performed for the therapeutic application of Vb to manage COVID-19, nephropathy, platelet aggregation, chronic primary glomerulonephritis, and acute hepatitis. Recent studies have shown the immense therapeutic potential of Vb in wound healing, dermatitis, neuroprotection, and anti-cancer activities, which creates a need for developing novel formulations for their respective uses. Long-term toxicity studies and techniques for scaling up Vb production by biotechnological approaches should be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajdeep Saha
- Group Polyphenol-BIT, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Ankit Majie
- Group Polyphenol-BIT, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Ritika Baidya
- Group Polyphenol-BIT, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Biswatrish Sarkar
- Group Polyphenol-BIT, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India.
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Li R, Tang J, Li J, Wu B, Tang J, Kan H, Zhao P, Zhang Y, Wang W, Liu Y. Bioactivity-Guided Isolation of Secondary Metabolites with Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities from Camellia fascicularis. Foods 2024; 13:2266. [PMID: 39063349 PMCID: PMC11276353 DOI: 10.3390/foods13142266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Camellia fascicularis has important ornamental, medicinal, and food values, which also have tremendous potential for exploiting bioactivities. We performed the bioactivity-guided (antioxidant and antimicrobial) screening of eight fractions obtained from the ethyl acetate phase of C. fascicularis. The antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP, and the antibacterial activity was measured by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. The results of bioactivity-guided isolation indicated that the major antioxidant compounds in the ethanolic extracts of C. fascicularis may be present in fractions (Fr.) (A-G, obtained after silica gel column chromatography). Fr. (D-I, obtained after silica gel column chromatography) is a fraction of C. fascicularis with antimicrobial activity. The structures of compounds were determined by spectral analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) combined with the available literature on secondary metabolites of C. fascicularis leaves. In this study, 17 compounds were identified, including four phenolics (1, 3-4, and 14), a phenylpropane (2), five terpenoids (5-7, 12, and 15), four flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides (8-10 and 16), and two lignins (13 and 17). Compounds 4-7, 13-15, and 17 were isolated from the genus Camellia for first time. The remaining compounds were also isolated from C. fascicularis for first time. The evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities revealed that compounds 1, 3, 9, 11, and 17 exhibited higher antioxidant activity than the positive control drug (ascorbic acid), and compounds 4, 8, 10, and 13 showed similar activity to ascorbic acid. The other compounds had weaker or no significant antioxidant activities. The MIC of antibacterial activity for compounds 4, 7, and 11-13 against P. aeruginosa was comparable to that of the positive control drug tetracycline at 125 µg/mL, and other secondary metabolites inhibited E. coli and S. aureus at 250-500 µg/mL. This is also the first report of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of compounds 5-7, 13-15, and 17. The results of the study enriched the variety of secondary metabolites of C. fascicularis and laid the foundation for further research on the pharmacological efficacy and biological activity of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.L.); (J.T.); (J.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Jiandong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.L.); (J.T.); (J.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Jingjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.L.); (J.T.); (J.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Boxiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.L.); (J.T.); (J.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Junrong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.L.); (J.T.); (J.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Huan Kan
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.L.); (J.T.); (J.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.L.); (J.T.); (J.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650224, China;
| | - Weihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.L.); (J.T.); (J.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.); (W.W.)
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (R.L.); (J.T.); (J.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.); (W.W.)
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Tang J, Li R, Wu B, Tang J, Kan H, Zhao P, Zhang Y, Wang W, Liu Y. Secondary Metabolites with Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities from Camellia fascicularis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:6769-6782. [PMID: 39057046 PMCID: PMC11275493 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Camellia fascicularis has important ornamental, medicinal, and food value. It also has tremendous potential for exploiting bioactivities. However, the bioactivities of secondary metabolites in C. fascicularis have not been reported. The structures of compounds were determined by spectral analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) combined with the available literature on secondary metabolites of C. fascicularis leaves. In this study, 15 compounds were identified, including 5 flavonoids (1-5), a galactosylglycerol derivative (6), a terpenoid (7), 4 lignans (8-11), and 4 phenolic acids (12-15). Compounds 6-7 and 9-12 were isolated from the genus Camellia for the first time. The remaining compounds were also isolated from C. fascicularis for the first time. Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities revealed that compounds 5 and 8-11 exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than the positive drug ascorbic acid, while compounds 7, 13, and 15 showed similar activity to ascorbic acid. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibacterial activity for compounds 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was comparable to that of the positive control drug tetracycline at a concentration of 62.50 µg/mL; other secondary metabolites inhibited Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at concentrations ranging from 125-250 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (J.T.); (R.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Ruonan Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (J.T.); (R.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Boxiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (J.T.); (R.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Junrong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (J.T.); (R.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Huan Kan
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (J.T.); (R.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (J.T.); (R.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650224, China;
| | - Weihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (J.T.); (R.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (J.T.); (R.L.); (B.W.); (J.T.); (H.K.); (P.Z.)
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A Comparative Study of Phytochemical Profile of Different Solvents’ Effects on Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activities of Various Parts of Halimium halimifolium. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/3847716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the extraction and the variation of total phenolic and the flavonoid content of the Halimium halimifolium plant (the leaves and the stems) harvested from Morocco have been studied. It explores extracting the essential oil of this plant and analyzing its chemical composition by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Interesting results have been obtained, in particular, the presence of 26 compounds where the major one is (+)-2-Bornanone (38.26%) followed by Eucalyptol (27.74%). This essential oil proves great antioxidant capacities which is measured with the total antioxidant activity (TAC) and the organic chemical compound 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. On the other hand, using solvents with different polarities (the hexane, the dichloromethane, the ethyl acetate, the ethanol, and the water), the quantifying of the total phenolic and the flavonoid content for different crude extracts of the Halimium halimifolium was done. The results show simultaneous increasing in the total phenolic content of the crude extract and the solvent polarity.
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An Epidemiological Study Report on the Antioxidant and Phenolic Content of Selected Mediterranean Functional Foods, Their Consumption Association with the Body Mass Index, and Consumers Purchasing Behavior in a Sample of Healthy Greek Adults. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11177818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Functional food consumption is shown to have a positive effect on anthropometric parameters and human health promotion. In addition, consumers seem to be more interested in food choices, that may have a positive effect on their health. The current study aimed to identify the antioxidant and phenolic content of naturally functional foods from the Mediterranean diet and to investigate consumer behavior towards their consumption in terms of their weight control, as well as their purchasing behavior and knowledge of functional foods. For this purpose, blueberries, cranberries, pomegranate, grapefruit, red peppers, almonds and mountain tea were analyzed for their phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, using the Folin-Ciocalteau and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power assays, respectively. Furthermore, nine hundred forty-nine healthy Greek adults participated in an epidemiological study, by completing a validated food frequency questionnaire, for the consumption of the above investigated functional foods. Five hundred and fifty participants also completed an online questionnaire investigating factors that consumers evaluate when purchasing functional foods. Study results showed that the analyzed functional foods were high in antioxidants and phenolic compounds, especially the mountain tea. The increased consumption of cranberries, pomegranate, grapefruit, red peppers and mountain tea was significantly correlated with a decreased Body Mass Index, suggesting a possible positive role, in weight control. Participants seemed to be aware of the beneficial role of these specific investigated Mediterranean functional foods to human health. They evaluated the price, taste and nutritional value, as critical factors to buy these food products. A combination of factors seems to lead them to purchase and consume these functional foods. Future epidemiological and clinical studies should be conducted in order to further evaluate consumer preferences and bioactivity mechanisms related to Mediterranean functional food consumption.
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Lytra K, Tomou EM, Chrysargyris A, Christofi MD, Miltiadous P, Tzortzakis N, Skaltsa H. Bio-Guided Investigation of Sideritis cypria Methanol Extract Driven by in Vitro Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Assays. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2000966. [PMID: 33594798 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sideritis cypria Post is an endemic and endangered species of Northern Cyprus. The overall aim of the present study was to evaluate the total phenolic content, the antioxidant, the cytotoxic and the antimicrobial activity of the methanol extract obtained from the aerial parts of cultivated S. cypria. A bio-guided approach led to the isolation of 27 chemical compounds by using various analytical techniques. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The crude extract exerted strong antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP assays) which was attributed to its high total phenolic content. Furthermore, groups rich in phenolic content showed highest antioxidant property, whereas groups with phytosterols, diterpenoids and apigenin derivatives exerted cytotoxic effects in MDA-MB231 cancer cell line by the MTT method. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of four isolated apigenin derivatives was evaluated in the same cancer cells. The antimicrobial activity of the extract and groups were measured, demonstrating lack of activity. To the best of our knowledge, this survey is the first report on the biological activities of the methanol extract of S. cypria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystalia Lytra
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Ekaterina-Michaela Tomou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Chrysargyris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3036, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Maria-Dolores Christofi
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, 3041, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Panagiota Miltiadous
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, 3041, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Nikolaos Tzortzakis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3036, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Helen Skaltsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
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Bardakci H, Cevik D, Barak TH, Gozet T, Kan Y, Kirmizibekmez H. Secondary metabolites, phytochemical characterization and antioxidant activities of different extracts of Sideritis congesta P.H. Davis et Hub.-Mor. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2020.104120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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ÇARIKÇI S. Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Properties of Sideritis perfoliata subsp. athoa (Papan. &Kokkini) Baden and Sideritis trojana Bornm. Teas from Mount Ida-Turkey and Their Phenolic Characterization by LC-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.718274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Lytra K, Tomou EM, Chrysargyris A, Drouza C, Skaltsa H, Tzortzakis N. Traditionally Used Sideritis cypria Post.: Phytochemistry, Nutritional Content, Bioactive Compounds of Cultivated Populations. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:650. [PMID: 32477129 PMCID: PMC7235332 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sideritis species are recognized as important medicinal plants and their commercial demand is continuously on the rise both in the European and in the global market. Consequently, the cultivation of Sideritis species has been occurred to successfully meet the need for mass production of high-quality plant material. The present study was undertaken in order to investigate the chemical composition of cultivated S. cypria. Infusions of flowers and leaves were prepared separately, according to the European Medicine Agency (EMA) monograph. The infusion of the flowers revealed the presence of four flavones, isoscutellarein-7-O-[6′″-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside, its 4′-O-methyl-derivative, 4′-O-methyl-hypolaetin-7-O-[6′″-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside, and isoscutellarein-7-O-[6′″-O-acetyl-β-D-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-6″-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranoside; four phenylethanoid glucosides, acteoside, leucosceptoside A, lamalboside, and leonoside A; one iridoid, melittoside, and one phenolic acid, chlorogenic acid, while the infusion of the leaves of the same population afforded the same first two flavones; five phenylethanoid glucosides, acteoside, leucosceptoside A, lavandulifolioside, leonoside A, and lamalboside; melittoside and chlorogenic acid. The structural elucidation of the isolated compounds was undertaken by high-field NMR spectroscopy. Moreover, the essential oils of the flowers and leaves were studied by GC-MS, separately. In addition, the mineral, bioactive compounds, protein and carbohydrate contents were evaluated for both plant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystalia Lytra
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ekaterina-Michaela Tomou
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Chrysargyris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Chryssoula Drouza
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Helen Skaltsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tzortzakis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
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Aneva I, Zhelev P, Kozuharova E, Danova K, Nabavi SF, Behzad S. Genus Sideritis, section Empedoclia in southeastern Europe and Turkey - studies in ethnopharmacology and recent progress of biological activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 27:407-421. [PMID: 30927208 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last two decades there has been a substantial increase of the number of studies on the species of genus Sideritis. Species of section Empedoclia, occurring in the Eastern Mediterranean region and in part of Western Asia possess some remarkable characteristics and are known as valuable medicinal plants used by local people in the traditional medicine and for herbal tea. The objective of the review is to make a survey on the recent studies on the ethnopharmacology and biological activity of the species in Southeastern Europe and in Turkey, which is the center of distribution and their main occurrence. MAIN BODY The review focuses on the ethnopharmacology and biological activities of the species of interest. The survey revealed that a total of 47 species belonging to section Empedoclia have been studied either in ethnopharmacological aspect, or in relation to their biological activities, or both. Most species have been used traditionally by the local people as herbal tea or for treatment of various health problems, most frequently flu, cold and respiratory diseases. Sideritis species demonstrate numerous biological activities and are promising for use in the therapy of many diseases and health disorders. Antioxidant activity was found in 40 species, antimicrobial and antibacterial activity - in 27 species, anti-inflammatory - in 14 species, antifungal - in 8 species, cytotoxic - in 7 species. There were also some other, more specific biological activities, found in a few species, but considered promising for further studies and application. SHORT CONCLUSION The species of genus Sideritis, section Empedoclia have been used by local people as herbal tea and in traditional medicine since long time ago. People are taking advantage of the high species diversity and are aware of their useful properties. Much more information is available on the biological activities of the target species than on their traditional uses. Most species demonstrate various biological activities and are of substantial interest for further studies on their pharmacological properties and their potential for pharmacy and medicine. Graphical abstract Schematic illustration of traditional uses and biological activities of some Sideritis species. Arrows with different colors represent biological activities of different species. The species and their corresponding color can be seen at the right part of the figure. The colors correspond also to the squares placed in the different parts of human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Aneva
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | | | - Ekaterina Kozuharova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kalina Danova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sahar Behzad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Goulas V, Hadjisolomou A. Dynamic changes in targeted phenolic compounds and antioxidant potency of carob fruit (Ceratonia siliqua L.) products during in vitro digestion. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zou Y, Zhang M, Zhang T, Wu J, Wang J, Liu K, Zhan N. Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Cynaroside from Elsholtiza bodinieri. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801301122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The flavonoid fraction was obtained from Elsholtiza bodinieri Vaniot (EBV) by ethanol-reflux and liquid-liquid extraction. The total content of flavonoid was 179.55 mg/g, and the purity was 64.6%. Then cynaroside with the purity of 94% was isolated from the fraction by preparative HPLC and characterized by the combined usage of HPLC, ESI-MS, and NMR. The antioxidant activity of cynaroside was determined using 2 complementary methods, namely, 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and reducing power assay. The anti-inflammatory effect of cynaroside was investigated based on in-vitro and in-vivo experiment. The results showed that cynaroside from EBV scavenged DPPH radical and reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+ effectively, inhibited NO and ROS production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and attenuated the inflammation in the mouse model significantly ( p < 0.01), which showed it to be a nutraceutical product in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Tingrui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Junwen Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- East Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Kehai Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Nannan Zhan
- National Chinese Medicinal Material Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (AnHui), Bozhou 236000, PR China
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Manganaris GA, Goulas V, Mellidou I, Drogoudi P. Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Fresh Produce: Exploitation of Genotype Variation and Advancements in Analytical Protocols. Front Chem 2018; 5:95. [PMID: 29468146 PMCID: PMC5807909 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Horticultural commodities (fruit and vegetables) are the major dietary source of several bioactive compounds of high nutraceutical value for humans, including polyphenols, carotenoids and vitamins. The aim of the current review was dual. Firstly, toward the eventual enhancement of horticultural crops with bio-functional compounds, the natural genetic variation in antioxidants found in different species and cultivars/genotypes is underlined. Notably, some landraces and/or traditional cultivars have been characterized by substantially higher phytochemical content, i.e., small tomato of Santorini island (cv. "Tomataki Santorinis") possesses appreciably high amounts of ascorbic acid (AsA). The systematic screening of key bioactive compounds in a wide range of germplasm for the identification of promising genotypes and the restoration of key gene fractions from wild species and landraces may help in reducing the loss of agro-biodiversity, creating a healthier "gene pool" as the basis of future adaptation. Toward this direction, large scale comparative studies in different cultivars/genotypes of a given species provide useful insights about the ones of higher nutritional value. Secondly, the advancements in the employment of analytical techniques to determine the antioxidant potential through a convenient, easy and fast way are outlined. Such analytical techniques include electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, electrochemical, and chemometric methods, flow injection analysis (FIA), optical sensors, and high resolution screening (HRS). Taking into consideration that fruits and vegetables are complex mixtures of water- and lipid-soluble antioxidants, the exploitation of chemometrics to develop "omics" platforms (i.e., metabolomics, foodomics) is a promising tool for researchers to decode and/or predict antioxidant activity of fresh produce. For industry, the use of optical sensors and IR spectroscopy is recommended to estimate the antioxidant activity rapidly and at low cost, although legislation does not allow its correlation with health claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A. Manganaris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Vlasios Goulas
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Ifigeneia Mellidou
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization ‘Demeter’, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pavlina Drogoudi
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization ‘Demeter’, Department of Deciduous Fruit Trees, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Naoussa, Greece
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Leme DEM, Rodrigues AB, de Almeida-Apolonio AA, Dantas FGDS, Negri MFN, Svidzinski TIE, Mota JDS, Cardoso CAL, de Oliveira KMP. In Vitro Control of Uropathogenic Microorganisms with the Ethanolic Extract from the Leaves of Cochlospermum regium (Schrank) Pilger. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2017; 2017:4687154. [PMID: 29375642 PMCID: PMC5742460 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4687154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The roots of Cochlospermum regium, popularly known as "algodãozinho-do-cerrado," are used for the treatment of genitourinary infections. However, the removal of their subterranean structures results in the death of the plant, and the use of the leaves becomes a viable alternative. Therefore, the antimicrobial activity of Cochlospermum regium leaf's ethanolic extract and its action on the biofilm formation of microorganisms associated with urinary infection were evaluated. The total phenolic compounds, flavoids, and tannins were quantified using the reagents Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride, and vanillin, respectively. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method and the effect of the extract in the biofilm treatment was measured by the drop plate method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the method based on the reduction of MTS and the mutagenicity by the Ames test. The ethanolic extract of C. regium leaves presented 87.4 mg/EQ of flavonoids, 167.2 mg/EAG of total phenolic compounds, and 21.7 mg/ECA of condensed tannins. It presented reduction of the biofilm formation for E. coli and C. tropicalis and antimicrobial action of 1 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. The extract showed no cytotoxicity and mutagenicity at the concentrations tested. This study demonstrated that C. regium leaves are a viable option for the treatment of genitourinary infections and for the species preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Ellen Meireles Leme
- Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Allan Belarmino Rodrigues
- Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Jonas da Silva Mota
- Course of Chemistry, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Kelly Mari Pires de Oliveira
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Science, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
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15
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Silva EL, Almeida-Lafetá RC, Borges RM, Staerk D. Dual high-resolution inhibition profiling and HPLC-HRMS-SPE-NMR analysis for identification of α-glucosidase and radical scavenging inhibitors in Solanum americanum Mill. Fitoterapia 2017; 118:42-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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16
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Amin A, Tuenter E, Exarchou V, Upadhyay A, Cos P, Maes L, Apers S, Pieters L. Phytochemical and Pharmacological Investigations on Nymphoides indica Leaf Extracts. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1624-1633. [PMID: 27282639 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze (Menyanthaceae) is traditionally used in the Indian subcontinent. However, scientific data reporting its constituents are poor. This study aimed at evaluating its phytochemical constituents and various biological activities. Phytochemical investigations of the extracts and fractions resulted in the isolation of 5 lipophilic compounds, i.e. azelaic (nonanedioic) acid (1) and 4-methyl-heptanedioic acid (3), hexadecanoic (2) and stearic acid (5) and the fatty alcohol hexadecanol (4); 3 seco-iridoids, i.e. 7-epiexaltoside (6), 6″,7″-dihydro-7-epiexaltoside (7) and menthiafolin (8); 3 flavonoids, i.e. 3,7-di-O-methylquercetin-4'-O-β-glucoside (9), 3-O-methylquercetin-7-O-β-glucoside (10) and 3,7-di-O-methylquercetin (11); scopoletin (12) and ferulic acid (13); and the monoterpenoids foliamenthoic acid (14) and 6,7-dihydrofoliamenthoic acid methyl ester (15). Compounds 1-5 showed moderate antimicrobial activities, whereas compound 9 presented mild antiprotozoal activities against Trypanosoma brucei (IC50 8 μM), Leishmania infantum (IC50 32 μM) and Trypanosoma cruzi (IC50 30 μM). Antiglycation activity was shown by compounds 7 (IC50 0.36 mM), 10 (IC50 0.42 mM) and 15 (IC50 0.61 mM). Finally α-glucosidase inhibition was shown by compounds 7, 9, 11 and 13-15. It could be concluded that N. indica leaf extracts possess mild to moderate antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Amin
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Emmy Tuenter
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vassiliki Exarchou
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Atul Upadhyay
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Louis Maes
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sandra Apers
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
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Protective effects of green tea polyphenols against benzo[a]pyrene-induced reproductive and trans-generational toxic effects in Japanese Medaka (Oryzias latipes). J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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18
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Exarchou V, Kanetis L, Charalambous Z, Apers S, Pieters L, Gekas V, Goulas V. HPLC-SPE-NMR characterization of major metabolites in Salvia fruticosa Mill. extract with antifungal potential: relevance of carnosic acid, carnosol, and hispidulin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:457-63. [PMID: 25537192 DOI: 10.1021/jf5050734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogenic fungi are considered of significant economic importance for adversely affecting both quantitatively and qualitatively fresh and processed produce. Extracts of Salvia fruticosa were initially screened for their antifungal activity, and the ethyl acetate fraction, being the most active, was further analyzed using HPLC-SPE-NMR hyphenation. The methoxylated flavones hispidulin, salvigenin, and cirsimaritin and the diterpenes carnosic acid, carnosol, and 12-methoxycarnosic acid were identified as the major components of the extract. In addition, the concentration levels of all identified components were determined using q-NMR. The antifungal activity of the crude extract and selected phytochemicals was estimated against the fungal species Aspergillus tubingensis, Botrytis cinerea, and Penicillium digitatum. The estimated MIC and MFC values of the ethyl acetate extract of S. fruticosa, as well as three of its major constituents, carnosic acid, carnosol, and hispidulin, support their antifungal activity, especially against B. cinerea and P. digitatum, suggesting their potential use in food and agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassiliki Exarchou
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp , Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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Goulas V, Orphanides A, Pelava E, Gekas V. Impact of Thermal Processing Methods on Polyphenols and Antioxidant Activity of Olive Oil Polar Fraction. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vlasios Goulas
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science; Cyprus University of Technology; Lemesos 3603 Cyprus
| | - Antia Orphanides
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science; Cyprus University of Technology; Lemesos 3603 Cyprus
| | - Elias Pelava
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science; Cyprus University of Technology; Lemesos 3603 Cyprus
| | - Vassilis Gekas
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science; Cyprus University of Technology; Lemesos 3603 Cyprus
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Liu HL, Chen BH, Kao TH, Shiau CY. Carotenoids composition in Scutellaria barbata D. Don as detected by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-mass spectrometry-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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