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Cardoso RV, Pereira PR, Freitas CS, Mattos ÉBDA, Silva AVDF, Midlej VDV, Vericimo MA, Conte-Júnior CA, Paschoalin VMF. Tarin-Loaded Nanoliposomes Activate Apoptosis and Autophagy and Inhibit the Migration of Human Mammary Adenocarcinoma Cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6393-6408. [PMID: 37954458 PMCID: PMC10638905 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s434626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tarin, a lectin purified from Colocasia esculenta, promotes in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory effects allied to promising anticancer and antimetastatic effects against human adenocarcinoma mammary cells. This makes this 47 kDa-protein a natural candidate against human breast cancer, a leading cause of death among women. Tarin encapsulated in pegylated nanoliposomes displays increased effectiveness in controlling the proliferation of a mammary adenocarcinoma lineage comprising MDA-MB-231 cells. Methods The mechanisms enrolled in anticancer and antimetastatic responses were investigated by treating MDA-MB-231 cells with nano-encapsulated tarin at 72 μg/mL for up to 48h through flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The safety of nano-encapsulated tarin towards healthy tissue was also assessed by the resazurin viability assay, and the effect of nanoencapsulated tarin on cell migration was evaluated by scratch assays. Results Ultrastructural analyses of MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to nanoencapsulated tarin revealed the accumulation of autophagosomes and damaged organelles, compatible with autophagy-dependent cell death. On the other hand, the flow cytometry investigation detected the increased occurrence of acidic vacuolar organelles, a late autophagosome trait, along with the enhanced presence of apoptotic cells, activated caspase-3/7, and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1. No deleterious effects were observed in healthy fibroblast cells following tarin nanoencapsulated exposition, in contrast to reduced viability in cells exposed to free tarin. The migration of MDA-MB-231 cells was inhibited by nano-encapsulated tarin, with delayed movement by 24 h compared to free tarin. Conclusion The nanoliposome formulation delivers tarin in a delayed and sustained manner, as evidenced by the belated and potent antitumoral and anti-migration effects on adenocarcinoma cells, with no toxicity to healthy cells. Although further investigations are required to fully understand antitumorigenic tarin mechanisms, the activation of both apoptotic and autophagic machineries along with the caspase-3/7 pathway, and cell cycle arrest may comprise a part of these mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raiane Vieira Cardoso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Cyntia Silva Freitas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Abdul Kari Z, Wee W, Mohamad Sukri SA, Che Harun H, Hanif Reduan MF, Irwan Khoo M, Van Doan H, Wen Goh K, Seong Wei L. Role of phytobiotics in relieving the impacts of Aeromonas hydrophila infection on aquatic animals: A mini-review. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1023784. [PMID: 36277060 PMCID: PMC9582345 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1023784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a ubiquitous bacterium with various hosts that causes mass mortality in farm-raised fish species and significant economic losses. The current antibiotic treatment is ineffective in controlling this bacterium infection in aquaculture species. Therefore, an evaluation of potential phytobiotics is needed to find an alternative antimicrobial agent to reduce the over-reliance on antibiotics in aquaculture and safeguard public and environmental health. Furthermore, the rise in antibiotic resistance cases among pathogenic bacteria indicates an urgent need for new fish and shellfish health management solutions. In this context, phytobiotics applications in aquaculture can be defined as any medicinal plant-based antimicrobial agent used in fish and shellfish health management. This review will focus on the impacts of Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) due to A. hydrophila in aquaculture, the potential of phytobiotics in enhancing the tolerance of aquaculture species against MAS and the combination of phytobiotics with other antimicrobial and therapeutic agents against MAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wendy Wee
- Center of Fundamental and Continuing Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Suniza Anis Mohamad Sukri
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hasnita Che Harun
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farhan Hanif Reduan
- Department of Paraclinical Study, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Martina Irwan Khoo
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand,Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand,Hien Van Doan
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia,Khang Wen Goh
| | - Lee Seong Wei
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Lee Seong Wei
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de Prado EML, de Paula GA, Dutra JAP, Cipriano DF, Kitagawa RR, Siman FDM, Meira EF, de Freitas JCC, Severi JA, Carreira LG, Oréfice RL, Villanova JCO. Crude dry extract from Colocasia esculenta in association with poly(vinyl alcohol) as biomaterial to prepare bioactive wound dressing. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04263-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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HILARY VAN WYK R, OSCAR AMONSOU E. Physiochemical and functional properties of albumin and globulin from amadumbe (Colocasia esculenta) corms. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.02621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Vis-NIR Hyperspectral Imaging for Online Quality Evaluation during Food Processing: A Case Study of Hot Air Drying of Purple-Speckled Cocoyam (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott). Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9101804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and chemometrics were implemented to develop prediction models for moisture, colour, chemical and structural attributes of purple-speckled cocoyam slices subjected to hot-air drying. Since HSI systems are costly and computationally demanding, the selection of a narrow band of wavelengths can enable the utilisation of simpler multispectral systems. In this study, 19 optimal wavelengths in the spectral range 400–1700 nm were selected using PLS-BETA and PLS-VIP feature selection methods. Prediction models for the studied quality attributes were developed from the 19 wavelengths. Excellent prediction performance (RMSEP < 2.0, r2P > 0.90, RPDP > 3.5) was obtained for MC, RR, VS and aw. Good prediction performance (RMSEP < 8.0, r2P = 0.70–0.90, RPDP > 2.0) was obtained for PC, BI, CIELAB b*, chroma, TFC, TAA and hue angle. Additionally, PPA and WI were also predicted successfully. An assessment of the agreement between predictions from the non-invasive hyperspectral imaging technique and experimental results from the routine laboratory methods established the potential of the HSI technique to replace or be used interchangeably with laboratory measurements. Additionally, a comparison of full-spectrum model results and the reduced models demonstrated the potential replacement of HSI with simpler imaging systems.
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Kundu N, Ma X, Hoag S, Wang F, Ibrahim A, Godoy-Ruiz R, Weber DJ, Fulton AM. An Extract of Taro ( Colocasia esculenta) Mediates Potent Inhibitory Actions on Metastatic and Cancer Stem Cells by Tumor Cell-Autonomous and Immune-Dependent Mechanisms. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2021; 15:11782234211034937. [PMID: 34376983 PMCID: PMC8320546 DOI: 10.1177/11782234211034937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The taro plant, Colocasia esculenta, contains bioactive proteins with potential as cancer therapeutics. Several groups have reported anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo of taro-derived extracts (TEs). We reported that TE inhibits metastasis in a syngeneic murine model of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Purpose We sought to confirm our earlier studies in additional models and to identify novel mechanisms by which efficacy is achieved. Methods We employed a panel of murine and human breast and ovarian cancer cell lines to determine the effect of TE on tumor cell viability, migration, and the ability to support cancer stem cells. Two syngeneic models of TNBC were employed to confirm our earlier report that TE potently inhibits metastasis. Cancer stem cell assays were employed to determine the ability of TE to inhibit tumorsphere-forming ability and to inhibit aldehyde dehydrogenase activity. To determine if host immunity contributes to the mechanism of metastasis inhibition, efficacy was assessed in immune-compromised mice. Results We demonstrate that viability of some, but not all cell lines is inhibited by TE. Likewise, tumor cell migration is inhibited by TE. Using 2 immune competent, syngeneic models of TNBC, we confirm our earlier findings that tumor metastasis is potently inhibited by TE. We also demonstrate, for the first time, that TE directly inhibits breast cancer stem cells. Administration of TE to mice elicits expansion of several spleen cell populations but it was not known if host immune cells contribute to the mechanism by which TE inhibits tumor cell dissemination. In novel findings, we now show that the ability of TE to inhibit metastasis relies on immune T-cell-dependent, but not B cell or Natural Killer (NK)-cell-dependent mechanisms. Thus, both tumor cell-autonomous and host immune factors contribute to the mechanisms underlying TE efficacy. Our long-term goal is to evaluate TE efficacy in clinical trials. Most of our past studies as well as many of the results reported in this report were carried out using an isolation protocol described earlier (TE). In preparation for a near future clinical trial, we have now developed a strategy to isolate an enriched taro fraction, TE-method 2, (TE-M2) as well as a more purified subfraction (TE-M2F1) which can be scaled up under Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) conditions for evaluation in human subjects. We demonstrate that TE-M2 and TE-M2F1 retain the anti-metastatic properties of TE. Conclusions These studies provide further support for the continued examination of biologically active components of Colocasia esculenta as potential new therapeutic entities and identify a method to isolate sufficient quantities under GMP conditions to conduct early phase clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Kundu
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xinrong Ma
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stephen Hoag
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fang Wang
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ahmed Ibrahim
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Raquel Godoy-Ruiz
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Center for Biological Therapeutics (CBT), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - David J Weber
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Center for Biological Therapeutics (CBT), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Amy M Fulton
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.,VA Administration Investigator, VA Health Services Research and Development Service, Baltimore Veterans Administration Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Mattos EBDA, Pereira PR, Mérida LAD, Corrêa ACNTF, Freire MPV, Paschoalin VMF, Teixeira GAPB, Pinho MDFB, Verícimo MA. Taro Lectin Can Act as a Cytokine-Mimetic Compound, Stimulating Myeloid and T Lymphocyte Lineages and Protecting Progenitors in Murine Bone Marrow. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030350. [PMID: 33800086 PMCID: PMC8001523 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Taro (Colocasia esculenta) corm is traditionally consumed as a medicinal plant to stimulate immune responses and restore a health status. Tarin, a taro lectin, is considered responsible for the immunomodulatory effects of taro. In the present study, in order to investigate the effects of tarin on bone marrow hematopoietic population, murine cells were stimulated with tarin combined with a highly enriched conditioned medium containing either IL-3 or GM-CSF. Cells challenged with tarin proliferated in a dose-dependent manner, evidenced by the increase in cell density and number of clusters and colonies. Tarin exhibited a cytokine-mimetic effect similar to IL-3 and GM-CSF, increasing granulocytic cell lineage percentages, demonstrated by an increase in the relative percentage of Gr-1+ cells. Tarin does not increase lymphocytic lineages, but phenotyping revealed that the relative percentage of CD3+ cells was increased with a concomitant decrease in CD19+ and IL-7Rα+ cells. Most bone marrow cells were stained with tarin-FITC, indicating non-selective tarin binding, a phenomenon that must still be elucidated. In conclusion, taro corms contain an immunomodulatory lectin able to boost the immune system by promoting myeloid and lymphoid hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Bertozzi de Aquino Mattos
- Biology Institute, Federal University (UFF), Rua Alexandre Moura, No. 8, Bloco M, Sala. 505, Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ 24210-200, Brazil; (E.B.d.A.M.); (L.A.D.M.); (M.P.V.F.); (G.A.P.B.T.); (M.d.F.B.P.); (M.A.V.)
| | - Patricia Ribeiro Pereira
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Sala 545, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil; (P.R.P.); (A.C.N.T.F.C.)
| | - Lyris Anunciata Demétrio Mérida
- Biology Institute, Federal University (UFF), Rua Alexandre Moura, No. 8, Bloco M, Sala. 505, Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ 24210-200, Brazil; (E.B.d.A.M.); (L.A.D.M.); (M.P.V.F.); (G.A.P.B.T.); (M.d.F.B.P.); (M.A.V.)
| | - Anna Carolina Nitzsche Teixeira Fernandes Corrêa
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Sala 545, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil; (P.R.P.); (A.C.N.T.F.C.)
| | - Maria Paula Vigna Freire
- Biology Institute, Federal University (UFF), Rua Alexandre Moura, No. 8, Bloco M, Sala. 505, Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ 24210-200, Brazil; (E.B.d.A.M.); (L.A.D.M.); (M.P.V.F.); (G.A.P.B.T.); (M.d.F.B.P.); (M.A.V.)
| | - Vania Margaret Flosi Paschoalin
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Sala 545, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil; (P.R.P.); (A.C.N.T.F.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(21)-3938-7362
| | - Gerlinde Agate Platais Brasil Teixeira
- Biology Institute, Federal University (UFF), Rua Alexandre Moura, No. 8, Bloco M, Sala. 505, Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ 24210-200, Brazil; (E.B.d.A.M.); (L.A.D.M.); (M.P.V.F.); (G.A.P.B.T.); (M.d.F.B.P.); (M.A.V.)
| | - Maria de Fátima Brandão Pinho
- Biology Institute, Federal University (UFF), Rua Alexandre Moura, No. 8, Bloco M, Sala. 505, Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ 24210-200, Brazil; (E.B.d.A.M.); (L.A.D.M.); (M.P.V.F.); (G.A.P.B.T.); (M.d.F.B.P.); (M.A.V.)
| | - Maurício Afonso Verícimo
- Biology Institute, Federal University (UFF), Rua Alexandre Moura, No. 8, Bloco M, Sala. 505, Gragoatá, Niterói, RJ 24210-200, Brazil; (E.B.d.A.M.); (L.A.D.M.); (M.P.V.F.); (G.A.P.B.T.); (M.d.F.B.P.); (M.A.V.)
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Calle J, Gasparre N, Benavent-Gil Y, Rosell CM. Aroids as underexplored tubers with potential health benefits. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2021; 97:319-359. [PMID: 34311903 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott and Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott are the most popular tubers among the Araceas family. Their chemical composition related to their nutritional benefits could make these rhizomes a valid option for the nutritional and technological improvement of food products. This chapter provide a clarification about the correct nomenclature of both tubers giving an insight around the principle components and their health effects. The scientific literature review has primarily highlighted several in vitro and animal studies where the consumption (leaves and whole tuber) of Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott and Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott was related with certain antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive, hypoglycemic and prebiotic effects. Owing to their functional properties, different component from these rhizomes, specially starch, mucilage and powders are being used by the food industry. Their ability to behave as thickener and gelling agent has allowed their incorporation in baked food, food paste and beverages. This chapter suggests the development of more research around these rhizomes since they could potentially play, with other crops, an important role in the future sustainable strategies to feed the planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehannara Calle
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain; Food research Institute for the Food Industry (IIIA), La Habana, Cuba
| | - Nicola Gasparre
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yaiza Benavent-Gil
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina M Rosell
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
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Anticancer and Immunomodulatory Benefits of Taro ( Colocasia esculenta) Corms, an Underexploited Tuber Crop. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010265. [PMID: 33383887 PMCID: PMC7795958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Taro corms contain valuable bioactive molecules effective against cancer and cancer-related risk factors, such as carcinogens and biological agents, several pathophysiological conditions, including oxidative stress and inflammation, while controlling metabolic dysfunctions and boosting the immunological response. Such broad effects are achieved by the taro health-influencing compounds displaying antitumoral, antimutagenic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-hyperlipidemic activities. Taro bioactivities are attributed to the combination of tarin, taro-4-I polysaccharide, taro polysaccharides 1 and 2 (TPS-1 and TPS-2), A-1/B-2 α-amylase inhibitors, monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDGs), digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDGs), polyphenols, and nonphenolic antioxidants. Most of these compounds have been purified and successfully challenged in vitro and in vivo, proving their involvement in the aforementioned activities. Although these health-promoting effects have been recognized since ancient times, as well as other valuable features of taro for food profit, such as hypo-allergenicity, gluten-free, and carbohydrates with medium-glycemic index, taro crop remains underexploited. The popularization of taro intake should be considered a dietary intervention strategy to be applied to improve the overall health status of the organism and as supportive therapy to manage tumorigenesis.
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Wardhani RAK, Asri LATW, Rachmawati H, Khairurrijal K, Purwasasmita BS. Physical-Chemical Crosslinked Electrospun Colocasia esculenta Tuber Protein-Chitosan-Poly(Ethylene Oxide) Nanofibers with Antibacterial Activity and Cytocompatibility. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:6433-6449. [PMID: 32922010 PMCID: PMC7457767 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s261483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Electrospun nanofibers based on Colocasia esculenta tuber (CET) protein are considered as a promising material for wound dressing applications. However, the use of these nanofibers in aqueous conditions has poor stability. The present study was performed to obtain insights into the crosslinked electrospun CET’s protein–chitosan (CS)–poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) nanofibers and to evaluate their potential for wound dressing applications. Methods The electrospun nanofibers were crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) vapor and heat treatment (HT) to enhance their physicochemical stability. The crosslinked nanofibers were characterized by protein profiles, morphology structures, thermal behavior, mechanical properties, and degradation behavior. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties and cytocompatibility were analyzed by antibacterial assessment and cell proliferation. Results The protein profiles of the electrospun CET’s protein–CS–PEO nanofibers before and after HT crosslinking contained one major bioactive protein with a molecular weight of 14.4 kDa. Scanning electron microscopy images of the crosslinked nanofibers indicated preservation of the structure after immersion in phosphate buffered saline. The crosslinked nanofibers resulted in higher ultimate tensile strength and lower ultimate strain compared to the non-crosslinked nanofibers. GA vapor crosslinking showed higher water stability compared to HT crosslinking. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the crosslinked nanofibers showed a stronger bacteriostatic effect on Staphylococcus aureus than on Escherichia coli. Human skin fibroblast cell proliferation on crosslinked GA vapor and HT nanofibers with 1% (w/v) CS and 2% (w/v) CET’s protein demonstrated the highest among all the other crosslinked nanofibers after seven days of cell culture. Cell proliferation and cell morphology results revealed that introducing higher CET’s protein concentration on crosslinked nanofibers could increase cell proliferation of the crosslinked nanofibers. Conclusion These results are promising for the potential use of the crosslinked electrospun CET’s protein–CS–PEO nanofibers as bioactive wound dressing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riesca Ayu Kusuma Wardhani
- Advanced Materials Processing Group, Engineering Physics Study Program, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Lia A T W Asri
- Materials Science and Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Heni Rachmawati
- School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.,Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Khairurrijal Khairurrijal
- Physics of Electronic Materials Division, Physics Study Program, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.,Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Center, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Sunendar Purwasasmita
- Advanced Materials Processing Group, Engineering Physics Study Program, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.,Research Center for Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
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Corrêa ACNTF, Vericimo MA, Dashevskiy A, Pereira PR, Paschoalin VMF. Liposomal Taro Lectin Nanocapsules Control Human Glioblastoma and Mammary Adenocarcinoma Cell Proliferation. Molecules 2019; 24:E471. [PMID: 30699910 PMCID: PMC6385085 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for natural anticancer agents and nanocarrier uses are a part of the current strategies to overcome the side effects caused by chemotherapeutics. Liposomal nanocapsules loaded with purified tarin, a potential immunomodulatory and antitumoral lectin found in taro corms, were produced. Liposomes were composed by 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoethanolamine, cholesterylhemisuccinate, and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[folate(polyethylene glycol)-2000 prepared by thin-film hydration. Small unilamellar vesicles were achieved by sonication and extrusion. Scanning electron microscopy evidenced round-shaped nanocapsules presenting a smooth surface, 150 nm diameter and polydispersity index <0.2, estimated by dynamic light scattering. Tarin entrapment rates were over 80% and leakage of ~3% under 40 days of storage at 4 °C. Entrapped tarin exhibited an 83% release after 6 h at pH 4.6⁻7.4 and 36 °C. Both free and encapsulated tarin exhibited no in vitro toxicity against healthy mice bone marrow and L929 cells but stimulated the production of fibroblast-like and large round-shaped cells. Encapsulated tarin resulted in inhibition of human glioblastoma (U-87 MG) and breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231) proliferation, with an IC50 of 39.36 and 71.38 µg/mL, respectively. The effectiveness of encapsulated tarin was similar to conventional chemotherapy drugs, such as cisplatin and temozolide. Tarin liposomal nanocapsules exhibited superior pharmacological activity compared to free tarin as a potential chemotherapy adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C N T F Corrêa
- Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil.
| | - Mauricio A Vericimo
- Immunobiology Department, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24020-150, Brazil.
| | - Andriy Dashevskiy
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Freie Universität Berlin, 12169 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Patricia R Pereira
- Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil.
| | - Vania M F Paschoalin
- Chemistry Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil.
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Pereira PR, Corrêa ACNTF, Vericimo MA, Paschoalin VMF. Tarin, a Potential Immunomodulator and COX-Inhibitor Lectin Found in Taro ( Colocasia esculenta). Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:878-891. [PMID: 32313515 PMCID: PMC7162284 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Taro (Colocasia esculenta) corm is a rustic staple food, rich in small starch granules, fibers, and bioactive phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids, sterols, tannins, phytates, micronutrients, and proteins, including tarin, a GNA-related lectin. Tarin exhibits recognized biocide activities against viruses and insects, has antitumoral properties and is an immunomodulator molecule candidate. It has been isolated in highly purified form (>90%) from taro corms through low-cost and single-step affinity chromatography. It comprises 2-domain 27 to 28 kDa protomer, posttranslational cleaved into 2 nonidentical monomers, 11.9 and 12.6 kDa, held by noncovalent binding. At least 10 tarin isoforms sharing over 70% similarity have been described. The monomers assume the β-prism II fold, consisting of 3 antiparallel β-sheets formed by 4 β-strands each. Tarin exhibits an expanded-binding site for complex and high-mannose N-glycan chains 49, 212, 213, 358, 465, and 477 found on cell surface antigens of viruses, insects, cancer, and hematopoietic cells, explaining its broad biological activities. Tarin may stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses, enabling hosts to recover from infections or immunosuppressed status inherent to several pathological conditions. In a murine model, tarin stimulates the in vitro and in vivo proliferation of total spleen and bone marrow cells, especially B lymphocytes. Granulocyte repopulation has also been demonstrated in long-term mice bone marrow cell cultures. As a potential immunomodulator, tarin, administered to immunosuppressed mice, attenuated cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenia. We propose a molecular model that unites the potential prophylactic and therapeutic action of tarin on hematopoietic and cancer cells, as a potential immunomodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Ribeiro Pereira
- Inst. de QuímicaUniv. Federal do Rio de JaneiroAvenida Athos da Silveira Ramos 149 ‐ 21941‐909 ‐ Rio de Janeiro (RJ)Brazil
| | | | - Mauricio Afonso Vericimo
- Inst. de BiologiaUniv. Federal FluminenseAlameda Barros Terra S/N ‐ 4020‐141‐ Niterói (RJ)Brazil
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Li H, Dong Z, Liu X, Chen H, Lai F, Zhang M. Structure characterization of two novel polysaccharides from Colocasia esculenta (taro) and a comparative study of their immunomodulatory activities. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Pereira PR, Meagher JL, Winter HC, Goldstein IJ, Paschoalin VMF, Silva JT, Stuckey JA. High-resolution crystal structures of Colocasia esculenta tarin lectin. Glycobiology 2016; 27:50-56. [PMID: 27558840 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tarin, the Colocasia esculenta lectin from the superfamily of α-d-mannose-specific plant bulb lectins, is a tetramer of 47 kDa composed of two heterodimers. Each heterodimer possesses homologous monomers of ~11.9 (A chain) and ~12.7 (B chain) kDa. The structures of apo and carbohydrate-bound tarin were solved to 1.7 Å and 1.91 Å, respectively. Each tarin monomer forms a canonical β-prism II fold, common to all members of Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) family, which is partially stabilized by a disulfide bond and a conserved hydrophobic core. The heterodimer is formed through domain swapping involving the C-terminal β-strand and the β-sheet on face I of the prism. The tetramer is assembled through the dimerization of the B chains from heterodimers involving face II of each prism. The 1.91 Å crystal structure of tarin bound to Manα(1,3)Manα(1,6)Man reveals an expanded carbohydrate-binding sequence (QxDxNxVxYx4/6WX) on face III of the β-prism. Both monomers possess a similar fold, except for the length of the loop, which begins after the conserved tyrosine and creates the binding pocket for the α(1,6)-terminal mannose. This loop differs in size and amino-acid composition from 10 other β-prism II domain proteins, and may confer carbohydrate-binding specificity among members of the GNA-related lectin family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia R Pereira
- Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149., Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer L Meagher
- Center for Structural Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Harry C Winter
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Irwin J Goldstein
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Vânia M F Paschoalin
- Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149., Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Joab T Silva
- Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149., Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Jeanne A Stuckey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA .,Center for Structural Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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