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Ramesh T, Shahid M. Bacoside-A repressed the differentiation and lipid accumulation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by modulating the expression of adipogenic genes. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024; 71:741-752. [PMID: 38419375 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the more complicated diseases, it can induce numerous life-threatening diseases mainly diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and certain cancers. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of bacoside-A (a dammarane-type triterpenoid saponin derived from the plant Bacopa monniera Linn.) on the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Results of this study illustrated that bacoside-A decreased the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cell, as evidenced by diminution of lipid droplets, which contains triglycerides and other lipids. During the differentiation process, transcription factors, which are mainly participating in adipogenesis such us CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) and C/EBPβ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), expressions were significantly suppressed by bacoside-A. In addition, bacoside-A showed a potent reduction in genes precise to adipocytes such as lipoprotein lipase (LPL), fatty acid synthase (FAS), adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4), and leptin expressions. Further, bacoside-A stimulated the phosphorylation of acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). These results demonstrated that bacoside-A has anti-adipogenic effects by regulating the transcription factors involved in adipocyte differentiation. Therefore, bacoside-A might be considered as a potent therapeutic agent for alleviating obesity and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiyagarajan Ramesh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Lavanya P, Davis G DJ. Chemo-structural diversity of anti-obesity compound database. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 120:108414. [PMID: 36702059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nature plays a major role in the development of new drugs which helps in preventing and treating human diseases. Anti-obesity compound database (AOCD) contains comprehensive information on all published small molecules from natural sources with anti-obesity potential targeting pancreatic lipase (PL), appetite suppressant (AS) and adipogenesis (AD). Presently the database contains 349 compounds isolated from 307 plants, 26 marine and 16 microbial sources. Users can query the AOCD database (https://aocd.swmd.co.in/) in several ways. The database was divided into three datasets (PL, AS and AD) to perform chemoinformatic analysis using Platform for Unified Molecular Analysis (PUMA), which were analyzed based on molecular descriptors, scaffold diversity and structural fingerprint diversity. Chemoinformatics study inferred the PL dataset has the highest diversity of compounds based on the Euclidean distance on molecular properties, scaffold diversity and pairwise similarity on fingerprint diversity. This study would hasten the process of anti-obesity drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Lavanya
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, India
| | - Dicky John Davis G
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Chennai, India.
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Kim D, Park H, Cho IH. The effect of roasting on capsaicinoids, volatile compounds, and fatty acids in Capsicum annuum L. (red pepper) seeds. Food Sci Biotechnol 2022; 31:211-220. [PMID: 35186351 PMCID: PMC8817957 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-021-01023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsaicinoids, volatile compounds, and fatty acids were analyzed in red pepper seeds to determine any changes at different roasting temperatures. The contents of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin decreased as roasting temperatures increased. 3-Ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2-methoxy-3-(2-methylpropyl)pyrazine, 1-methylpyrrole, hexanedial, benzeneacetaldehyde, 2-acetylfuran, and butane-2,3-diol were newly detected in red pepper seeds roasted at 100 °C. Concentrations of pyrazines, pyrroles, oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds, carbonyls, and alcohols increased rapidly in red pepper seeds as the roasting temperature increased. Such compounds could contribute roasted, grilled, and sweet odor notes to roasted red pepper seeds. Linoleic acid was the predominant fatty acid in all red pepper seeds. There were no significant differences in polyunsaturated fatty acids in red pepper seeds as roasting temperature increased. In conclusion, roasting red pepper seeds could be used in thermally processed foods because during roasting their pungency is reduced, desirable savory odors are enhanced, and the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids remain unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahye Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Korea
| | - In Hee Cho
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, 54538 Korea
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Natural Dietary and Medicinal Plants with Anti-Obesity Therapeutics Activities for Treatment and Prevention of Obesity during Lock Down and in Post-COVID-19 Era. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11177889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity have become global epidemics, especially during the lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The potential of medicinal plants as a better and safe option in treating obesity and overweight has gained attention in recent years. Obesity and overweight has become a major public health concern, and its incidence rising at an alarming rate. Obesity is one of the major types of metabolic syndrome, resulting in various types of problems such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and excess fat accumulation. The current searching was done by the keywords in main indexing systems including Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, the search engine of Google Scholar, and Institute for Scientific Web of Science. The keywords were traditional medicine, health benefits, pharmaceutical science, pomegranate, punicalin, punicalagin, and ellagitannins. Google Scholar was searched manually for possible missing manuscripts, and there was no language restriction in the search. This review was carried out to highlight the importance of medicinal plants which are common in traditional medicinal sciences of different countries, especially Asia to prevent and treatment of obesity and overweight during the global pandemic and the post-COVID-19 era.
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Yang J, Lee J, Sung J. Influence of acid treatment on flavonoid content and biological activity in tartary buckwheat grains and its application for noodles. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Cortés-Ferré HE, Guajardo-Flores D, Romero-De La Vega G, Gutierrez-Uribe JA. Recovery of Capsaicinoids and Other Phytochemicals Involved With TRPV-1 Receptor to Re-valorize Chili Pepper Waste and Produce Nutraceuticals. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.588534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The hot chili pepper industry represents one of the most important staple foods in Mexico and many Asian countries. Nowadays, large amounts of waste materials are produced from the pepper supply chain that could be used as a source to obtain nutraceuticals. Among the most common and important bioactive compounds contained in pepper residues are the capsaicinoids, which are the responsible of the pungency of the pepper. Capsaicinoids, mainly capsaicin, may ameliorate obesity, gastric disorder, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, rhinitis, asthma, immune system diseases, and important viral diseases as the recent COVID-19. The aim of this review is to review the industrial process for the extraction of capsaicinoids ingredients from pepper residues and to examine the relation of the capsaicin and other chili pepper phytochemicals to prevent and treat chronic diseases explained through the key role of the TRPV1 receptor. The extraction and incorporation of these compounds into nutraceutical formulations depend mainly on the development of new methods to improve not only the yield of a particular compound but the validation of the bioactivity and phytochemical characterization.
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Lee MH, Kim HM, Chung HC, Lee JH. Licorice extract suppresses adipogenesis through regulation of mitotic clonal expansion and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in 3T3-L1 cells. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13528. [PMID: 33051883 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Licorice, the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra, has been observed to possess an anti-obesity effect. Previous research has suggested that licorice acetone extract (LE) has an influence on mitotic clonal expansion (MCE) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which play a key role in regulating adipogenesis. This study sought further insight into the molecular mechanism of LE's anti-obesity effect using 3T3-L1 adipocytes in vitro. LE inhibited 3T3-L1 adipogenesis, and the inhibitory effect of LE on adipogenesis was most significant in the early stage of adipogenic differentiation. LE inhibited the protein expression of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases in the MCE stage and arrested cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Furthermore, it activated AMPK via phosphorylation. Moreover, the expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes were regulated by LE. These findings suggest the anti-obesity effect of LE via MCE and AMPK regulation. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Although the anti-obesity effects of licorice have been studied, the application of functional food-related anti-obesity effects of licorice has been less than that of other extracts. The present study increases the reliability of the anti-obesity effect of licorice by suggesting a new mechanism of action and expands the application of functional foods related to the anti-obesity effect of licorice. A new mechanistic insight will not only improve the scientific knowledge but will also help to predict the side effects of licorice's anti-obesity application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mun-Hoe Lee
- Health Food Research and Development, NEWTREE Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Min Kim
- Health Food Research and Development, NEWTREE Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Chul Chung
- Health Food Research and Development, NEWTREE Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Lee
- Health Food Research and Development, NEWTREE Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sung J, Suh JH, Wang Y. Effects of heat treatment of mandarin peel on flavonoid profiles and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:729-735. [PMID: 31324288 PMCID: PMC9307040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus peel, a primary byproduct of citrus fruits, contains a variety of flavonoids. Heat treatment is a favorable food processing for solid peel to release bioactive compounds from tissues and intensify nutritional effects. In this study, we explored alterations of flavonoids by thermal treatment of mandarin peel and their effects on lipid accumulation and intracellular levels during differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells to adipocytes. The heat-treated sample showed stronger inhibition on the formation of lipid droplets than the non-treated sample, along with enhanced intracellular levels of flavonoids. Overall flavonoids, especially flavonoid aglycones showing better efficacy, were found to increase in the peel after heat-treatment. Our findings indicate thermal processing could help release flavonoids from citrus peel and convert them into aglycone forms, leading to efficient cellular uptake and suppression of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. This study provides useful information of heat-treated citrus peel as potential dietary supplements with antiobesity-related effects.
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Kim HJ, You MK, Lee YH, Kim HJ, Adhikari D, Kim HA. Red pepper seed water extract inhibits preadipocyte differentiation and induces mature adipocyte apoptosis in 3T3-L1 cells. Nutr Res Pract 2018; 12:494-502. [PMID: 30515277 PMCID: PMC6277307 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.6.494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Reducing the number of adipocytes by inducing apoptosis of mature adipocytes as well as suppressing differentiation of preadipocytes plays an important role in preventing obesity. This study examines the anti-adipogenic and pro-apoptotic effect of red pepper seed water extract (RPS) prepared at 4℃ (RPS4) in 3T3-L1 cells. MATERIALS/METHODS Effect of RPS4 or its fractions on lipid accumulation was determined in 3T3-L1 cells using oil red O (ORO) staining. The expressions of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and adipogenic associated proteins [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins α (C/EBP α), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)] were measured in 3T3-L1 cells treated with RPS4. Apoptosis and the expression of Akt and Bcl-2 family proteins [B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated death promoter (Bad), Bcl-2 like protein 4 (Bax), Bal-2 homologous antagonist/killer (Bak)] were measured in mature 3T3-L1 cells treated with RPS4. RESULTS Treatment of RPS4 (0-75 µg/mL) or its fractions (0-50 µg/mL) for 24 h did not have an apparent cytotoxicity on pre and mature 3T3-L1 cells. RPS4 significantly suppressed differentiation and cellular lipid accumulation by increasing the phosphorylation of AMPK and reducing the expression of PPAR-γ, C/EBP α, SREBP-1c, FAS, and ACC. In addition, all fractions except ethyl acetate fraction significantly suppressed cellular lipid accumulation. RPS4 induced the apoptosis of mature adipocytes by hypophosphorylating Akt, increasing the expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins, Bak, Bax, and Bad, and reducing the expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and p-Bad. CONCLUSIONS These finding suggest that RPS4 can reduce the numbers as well as the size of adipocytes and might useful for preventing and treating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mi-Kyoung You
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Young-Hyun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Mokpo National University, 1666, Yeongsan-ro, Cheonggye-myeon, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea
| | - Deepak Adhikari
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea
| | - Hyeon-A Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Mokpo National University, 1666, Yeongsan-ro, Cheonggye-myeon, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 58554, Korea
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Sung J, Yu W, Lee J. Effects of capsicoside G isolated from pepper seeds on lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation‐related gene expression in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeehye Sung
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida Lake Alfred Florida
| | - Wang Yu
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida Lake Alfred Florida
| | - Junsoo Lee
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences Chungbuk National University Cheongju Korea
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Kim HJ, You MK, Wang Z, Kim HA. Red Pepper Seed Inhibits Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Cells during the Early Phase of Adipogenesis via the Activation of AMPK. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:107-118. [PMID: 29316805 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is the main risk factor for metabolic syndromes and there has been an upsurge in demand for effective therapeutic strategies. This study investigated the effect of red pepper seed water extract (RPS) on the process of differentiation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. RPS treatment significantly suppressed cellular lipid accumulation and reduced the expression of adipocytes-associated proteins, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-[Formula: see text] (PPAR-[Formula: see text]), CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins [Formula: see text] (C/EBP [Formula: see text]), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), as well as fatty acid synthase (FAS), and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4). The inhibitory effect of RPS on differentiation was mainly through the modulation of the C/EBP [Formula: see text] and C/EBP [Formula: see text] expression at the early phase of differentiation. Moreover, at the early phase of differentiation, RPS markedly increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Such enhancing effect of RPS was abolished in the presence of compound C. Our results suggest that activation of AMPK at early stage of adipogenesis is involved in the anti-adipogenesis effect of RPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Jin Kim
- 1 Department of Food and Nutrition, Mokpo National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung You
- 1 Department of Food and Nutrition, Mokpo National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Ziyun Wang
- 1 Department of Food and Nutrition, Mokpo National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-A Kim
- 1 Department of Food and Nutrition, Mokpo National University, Republic of Korea
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Lim Y, Sung J, Yang J, Jeong HS, Lee J. Butein inhibits adipocyte differentiation by modulating the AMPK pathway in 3T3-L1 cells. J Food Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongrae Lim
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju Chungbuk Korea
| | - Jeehye Sung
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju Chungbuk Korea
| | - Jinwoo Yang
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju Chungbuk Korea
| | - Heon Sang Jeong
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju Chungbuk Korea
| | - Junsoo Lee
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences; Chungbuk National University; Cheongju Chungbuk Korea
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Namkoong S, Sung J, Yang J, Choi Y, Jeong HS, Lee J. Nobiletin Attenuates the Inflammatory Response Through Heme Oxygenase-1 Induction in the Crosstalk Between Adipocytes and Macrophages. J Med Food 2017; 20:873-881. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.3921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seulgi Namkoong
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jeehye Sung
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jinwoo Yang
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Youngmin Choi
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Wanju, Korea
| | - Heon Sang Jeong
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Junsoo Lee
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
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AMPK modulatory activity of olive-tree leaves phenolic compounds: Bioassay-guided isolation on adipocyte model and in silico approach. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173074. [PMID: 28278224 PMCID: PMC5344353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Scope Olive-tree polyphenols have demonstrated potential for the management of obesity-related pathologies. We aimed to explore the capacity of Olive-tree leaves extract to modulate triglyceride accumulation and AMP-activated protein kinase activity (AMPK) on a hypertrophic adipocyte model. Methods Intracellular triglycerides and AMPK activity were measured on the hypertrophic 3T3-L1 adipocyte model by AdipoRed and immunofluorescence microscopy, respectively. Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass detection with electrospray ionization (RP-HPLC-ESI-TOF/MS) was used for the fractionation of the extract and the identification of the compounds. In-silico molecular docking of the AMPK alpha-2, beta and gamma subunits with the identified compounds was performed. Results Olive-tree leaves extract decreased the intracellular lipid accumulation through AMPK-dependent mechanisms in hypertrophic adipocytes. Secoiridoids, cinnamic acids, phenylethanoids and phenylpropanoids, flavonoids and lignans were the candidates predicted to account for this effect. Molecular docking revealed that some compounds may be AMPK-gamma modulators. The modulatory effects of compounds over the alpha and beta AMPK subunits appear to be less probable. Conclusions Olive-tree leaves polyphenols modulate AMPK activity, which may become a therapeutic aid in the management of obesity-associated disturbances. The natural occurrence of these compounds may have important nutritional implications for the design of functional ingredients.
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Sung J, Yang J, Kim Y, Kim M, Jeong HS, Lee J. Effect of defatted pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) seed extracts on high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice. Food Sci Biotechnol 2016; 25:1457-1461. [PMID: 30263430 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of defatted pepper seed ethanolic extract (DPSE) on high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice. The mice were fed a normal diet (ND), high fat diet (HFD), or HFD in combination with DPSE (100 and 200mg/kg body weight) for 7 weeks. Supplementing the HFD of mice with DPSE significantly decreased body weight gain and food efficiency ratio induced by HFD. The amount of epididymal fat and size of adipocytes were also dramatically reduced by DPSE supplementation. Although no statistical significance was found between the HFD and HFD plus DPSE groups in plasma fat deposition, liver weight, and hepatic cholesterol contents were significantly reduced in the DPSE-treated group. In conclusion, these results suggest that DPSE could prevent obesity and adiposity. These effects may be important in developing therapeutic agents against obesity in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeehye Sung
- 1Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644 Korea
| | - Jinwoo Yang
- 1Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644 Korea
| | - Younghwa Kim
- 2School of Food Biotechnology and Nutrition, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434 Korea
| | - Myunghee Kim
- 3Department Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541 Korea
| | - Heon Sang Jeong
- 1Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644 Korea
| | - Junsoo Lee
- 1Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644 Korea
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Sung J, Jeong HS, Lee J. Effect of the Capsicoside G-rich Fraction from Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Seeds on High-fat Diet-induced Obesity in Mice. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1848-1855. [PMID: 27538894 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the most common metabolic syndromes and is a major threat to human health worldwide. Given the size of this problem, there is growing interest in natural agents that may decrease obesity. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effect of a capsicoside G-rich fraction (CRF; 13.35% capsicoside G) isolated from pepper seeds in diet-induced obese mice. C57BL/6J mice were fed either a normal diet or a high-fat diet (HFD), with or without CRF (HFD + CRF; 10 and 100 mg/kg body weight). The body weight and food efficiency ratio of mice fed HFD + CRF were lower in comparison to that of mice fed only an HFD. Epididymal adipose tissue weight and adipocyte hypertrophy were significantly lower in HFD + CRF mice than in HFD mice. The fat deposition in the liver of mice fed HFD + CRF was lower compared to that of mice fed only an HFD. CRF significantly reversed the HFD-induced elevation of the expression of key adipocyte differentiation regulators, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c, and their target genes. These results suggest that CRF could be used as dietary therapy for the prevention of obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeehye Sung
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Korea
| | - Heon Sang Jeong
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Korea
| | - Junsoo Lee
- Division of Food and Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Korea.
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