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Xia Y, Kuda T, Yamamoto M, Yano T, Nakamura A, Takahashi H. The effect of Sichuan pepper on gut microbiota in mice fed a high-sucrose and low-dietary fibre diet. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2627-2638. [PMID: 36922439 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12457-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Sichuan pepper (Zanthoxylum bungeanum, HJ), a spice widely used in China, has antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-obesity properties. In this study, to confirm the value of HJ as a functional food, the in vitro antioxidant and bile acid-lowering capacities, as well as the effects on caecal microbiota, were compared with those of cumin (Cuminum cyminum, CM) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum, CR) seeds in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice fed a high-sucrose and low-dietary fibre diet. The total phenolic content, superoxide anion radical-scavenging capacity, and Fe-reducing power of the HJ aqueous solution were higher than those of CM and CR (p < 0.05). The bile acid (taurocholic, glycocholic, and deoxycholic acids)-lowering capacity of the HJ suspension was also higher than those of CM and CR. Compared with mice fed a control diet (no fibre, NF), caecal Lactobacillus gasseri- and Muribaculum intestinale-like bacteria were higher in mice fed a diet containing 5% (w/w) of CM, CR, or HJ for 14 days. Bifidobacterium pseudolongum-, Lactobacillus murinus/animalis-, and Faecalibaculum rodentium-like bacteria were significantly increased, while Desulfovibrio-like bacteria were significantly decreased in the HJ group. In addition, CM and HJ may benefit specific metabolic functions of gut microbiota, such as starch, sucrose, and tyrosine metabolism. The tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) concentration in the spleen tissue of ICR mice was decreased by the intake of spices. However, there were no changes in interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-10 levels in HJ fed mice. These results suggested that HJ has potential as a functional food related to gut microbiota. KEY POINTS: • Bididobacterium and Faecalibaculum in mice gut microbiota are increased by Sichuan pepper (HJ). • Desulfovibrionaceae, an inflammatory LPS producer, in mice gut microbiota is decreased by HJ. • HJ decreases pro-inflammatory TNF both in murine spleen tissue and in vitro macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Xia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Takashi Kuda
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan.
| | - Mahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yano
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nakamura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
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Detection of indigenous gut bacteria related to red chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum) in murine caecum and human faecal cultures. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10239-10250. [PMID: 36068389 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07875-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Red chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum; RP) is a popular spice containing the active compound capsaicin. Indigenous gut bacteria and metabolism can affect host health. The functions of capsaicin, including the regulation of metabolic health and anti-oxidant properties, may be correlated with the gut microbiota. METHODS To identify indigenous gut bacteria that are responsive to RP, Institute of Cancer Research mice fed a diet with no fibre or with 5% (w/w) RP for 14 days. Additionally, human stool samples collected from four healthy volunteers were incubated without (control) or with 2% (w/v) RP at 37 °C for 24 h. Microbiota in murine caecal samples and human faecal cultures were analysed using 16S rRNA (V4) amplicon sequencing. RESULTS Compared with the microbiota in mice fed no-fibre diets, Lachnospiraceae spp.-, Muribaculaceae spp.-, and Phacaeicola vulgatus-like bacteria were defined as murine RP-responsive indigenous gut bacteria (RP-RIB). In the human faecal cultures, acetate and propionate levels were higher in RP cultures than in the control cultures. Subdoligranulum spp.-, Blautia spp.-, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii-, P. vulgatus-, and Prevotella copri-like bacteria were defined as human RP-RIB. Compared with control culture Fe-reducing power was increased in the culture with RP. CONCLUSION RP increases the amount of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and beneficial gut bacteria in mouse and human faecal cultures. Overall, RP could have a positive effect on the host by altering the gut microbiota.
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Xia Y, Kuda T, Nakamura S, Takahashi H, Kimura B. Detection of low-mineral- and high-salt responsible caecal indigenous bacteria in ICR mice. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:59. [PMID: 35186656 PMCID: PMC8818073 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03127-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Both deficiency and overdose of minerals and salts negatively affect health. Changes in the dietary composition have immediate effects on the gut microbiota. This study was performed to clarify the presence of indigenous gut bacteria responsible for minerals and/or salts (MS-RIB). ICR mice were fed a diet containing 3.5% (w/w) mineral mix (control), 1% mineral mix (LM), or 3.5% mineral mix and 4% NaCl (HS) for 14 days. The caecal microbiota was examined using 16S rRNA gene (V4) amplicon sequencing. Consumption of drinking water was 2.5-fold higher in the HS group than in the other groups. Body weight gain was 55% lower in the HS group than in the other groups. At the family level, the relative abundance of Eryspelotrichaceae and Clostridiaceae was lower in the HS group than in the other groups. In contrast, the abundance of Bacteroidaceae was higher in the HS group. At the operational taxonomic unit level, Desulfovibrionaceaer-, Turicibacter sanguinis-, belonging to Eryspelotrichaceae, and Clostridium disporicum-like bacteria were dominant in the control group. Among these bacteria, T. sanguinis- and C. disporicum-like bacteria were markedly suppressed by HS. In the LM group, Bacteroides acidifaciens-like bacteria were suppressed. Suppression of C. disporicum and Turicibacter following consumption of the HS diet was the most notable effect, contrasting the results of previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Xia
- grid.412785.d0000 0001 0695 6482Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477 Japan
| | - Takashi Kuda
- grid.412785.d0000 0001 0695 6482Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477 Japan
| | - Saori Nakamura
- grid.412785.d0000 0001 0695 6482Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477 Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- grid.412785.d0000 0001 0695 6482Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477 Japan
| | - Bon Kimura
- grid.412785.d0000 0001 0695 6482Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477 Japan
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Zhang S, Wang T, Zhang D, Wang X, Zhang Z, Lim C, Lee S. Probiotic characterization of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HOM3204 and its restoration effect on antibiotic-induced dysbiosis in mice. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 74:949-958. [PMID: 35231139 PMCID: PMC9315005 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the probiotic characteristics of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HOM3204 isolated from homemade pickled cabbage and to examine its restoration effect on antibiotic-induced dysbiosis in mice. Lact. plantarum HOM3204 tolerated simulated gastric and intestinal juices with a 99.38% survival rate. It also showed strong adhesion ability (3.45%) to Caco-2 cells and excellent antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens in vitro. For safety (antibiotic susceptibility) of this strain, it was susceptible to all the tested seven antibiotics. Lact. plantarum HOM3204 had good stability during storage, especially in cold and frozen conditions. Furthermore, Lact. plantarum HOM3204 significantly restored the gut microbiota composition by increasing the abundance of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria and decreasing Enterococci, and improved antioxidative function by raising the concentrations of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis in mice. These results suggest that Lact. plantarum HOM3204 could be a potential probiotic as a functional food ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhang
- Coree Beijing Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - T Wang
- Beijing Hanmi pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - D Zhang
- Coree Beijing Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - X Wang
- Beijing Hanmi pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Z Zhang
- Beijing Hanmi pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - C Lim
- Coree Beijing Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.,Coree Pohang Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Coree Beijing Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.,Coree Pohang Co., Ltd, Pohang, Korea
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Nakamura S, Kuda T, Midorikawa Y, Takahashi H, Kimura B. Typical gut indigenous bacteria in ICR mice fed a soy protein-based normal or low-protein diet. Curr Res Food Sci 2021; 4:295-300. [PMID: 33997796 PMCID: PMC8102713 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For patients with inflammatory bowel disease, cow’s milk allergy, and lactose intolerance, soymilk is a potential alternative to cow’s milk. In this study, we aimed to identify the effects of a soy protein-based low-protein diet on the body and organ weights and the gut microbiome of six-week-old mice fed a diet containing 20% (SP) or 5% (LP) soy protein for 14 days via 16S rRNA (V4) amplicon sequencing. Body weight gain (growth) and liver, spleen, and fat tissue weight were significantly suppressed by the LP diet. Operational taxonomic unit numbers and α-diversity were lower in the LP group than in the SP group. A principal coordinate analysis revealed differences in the gut microbiome compositions of SP and LP mice. The abundances of caecal Roseburia sp., Alistipes sp., and bacteria from the family Muribaculaceae were lower in the LP group than in the SP group. In contrast, the abundance of Desulfovibrionaceae, which is positively correlated with inflammation, was higher in the LP group than in the SP group. These results differed from the effects of a milk casein-based low-protein diet (reported previously). Based on these findings, we conclude that the undesirable effects of a low-protein diet and/or protein deficiency are related to changes in the gut microbiome composition and may differ depending on the kind of proteins used. Six-week-old ICR mice were fed a diet containing 20% (SP) or 5% (LP) soy protein for 14 days. Body weight gain and liver, spleen, and fat tissue weight were significantly suppressed by the LP diet. Caecal Roseburia sp., Alistipes sp., and bacteria from the family Muribaculaceae was lower in the LP. Desulfovibrionaceae, which is positively correlated with inflammation, was higher in the LP group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Nakamura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Among Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Takashi Kuda
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Among Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Yuko Midorikawa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Among Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Among Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Bon Kimura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Among Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
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Fukunaga M, Kuda T, Xia Y, Nakamura S, Takahashi H, Kimura B. Detection and isolation of the typical gut indigenous bacteria from ddY mice fed a casein-beef tallow-based or egg yolk-based diet. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13246. [PMID: 32462679 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The effects of whole egg on the cecal microbiome of ddY mice has been reported. To investigate the existence of susceptible indigenous bacteria (SIB) to egg yolks (EY), mice were fed a diet containing either 20% (w/w) milk casein and 17% beef tallow (CT) or 12% milk casein and 27% EY for 14 days, and then, the cecal microbiome was analyzed by 16S rRNA (V4) amplicon sequencing. To isolate the typical species in each diet group, culture-dependent viable bacterial counts were determined on Blood Liver (BL) and Gifu Anaerobic Medium (GAM) agar plates. The amplicon sequencing analysis revealed typical CT-SIB, such as Lachnospiraceae-like bacteria, and EY-SIB, such as Allobaculum-, Lactobacillus murinus-, and Bacteroides vulgatus-like bacteria. Two of the detected SIB species, L. murinus- and B. vulgatus-like bacteria, were successfully isolated from the BL and GAM agar plates and defined using a 16S rDNA BLAST search. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The SIB defined in the CT and EY groups might have some effects on the nutritional and functional chemical compounds in the milk casein, beef tallow, and/or EY. Analysis of its functional properties of the isolates might develop the new and unique probiotic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Fukunaga
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kuda
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumeng Xia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saori Nakamura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bon Kimura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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