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Lee S, Lee CH, Lee J, Jeong Y, Park JH, Nam IJ, Lee DS, Lee HM, Ahn SY, Kim E, Jeong S, Yu SS, Lee W. Botanical formulation HX110B ameliorates PPE-induced emphysema in mice via regulation of PPAR/RXR signaling pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305911. [PMID: 39052574 PMCID: PMC11271920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an inflammatory lung disease, causes approximately 3 million deaths each year; however, its pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we examined whether HX110B, a mixture of Taraxacum officinale, Dioscorea batatas, and Schizonepeta tenuifolia extracts, could suppress porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced emphysema in mice and its mechanism of action. The therapeutic efficacy of HX110B was tested using a PPE-induced emphysema mouse model and human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. In vivo data showed that the alveolar wall and air space expansion damaged by PPE were improved by HX110B administration. HX110B also effectively suppresses the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-6, IL-1β, MIP-2, and iNOS, while stimulating the expression of lung protective factors such as IL-10, CC16, SP-D, and sRAGE. Moreover, HX110B improved the impaired OXPHOS subunit gene expression. In vitro analysis revealed that HX110B exerted its effects by activating the PPAR-RXR signaling pathways. Overall, our data demonstrated that HX110B could be a promising therapeutic option for COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Hyung Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungkyu Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoonseon Jeong
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Hyung Park
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Jeong Nam
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo Suk Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Myung Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Yeon Ahn
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Eujung Kim
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Seungyeon Jeong
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Shin Yu
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonwoo Lee
- R&D Center for Innovative Medicines, Helixmith Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
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Gu MJ, Lee HW, Yoo G, Kim D, Choi IW, Kim Y, Ha SK. Protective effect of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. ethanolic extract against UVB-induced skin aging and photodamage in hairless mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1176073. [PMID: 37351505 PMCID: PMC10283040 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1176073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to illuminate the mechanism by which Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. (ST) ethanolic extract prevents skin photoaging in HR-1 hairless mice (HR-1). The ST ethanolic extract alleviated wrinkle formation, epidermal skin thickness, and collagen degradation in skin tissues of ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiated HR-1 mice. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (a wrinkle-related marker) was reduced, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 expression was upregulated following application of ST ethanolic extract. Furthermore, skin dehydration and levels of hyaluronidase-1 and -2 (enzymes that break hyaluronic acid) were decreased. Moreover, protein expression of hyaluronan synthases (markers of skin hydration) and hyaluronic acid levels increased following ST ethanolic extract treatment in UVB-induced photoaging HR-1 mice. In addition, the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and Jun N-terminal kinase was suppressed, and expression of nuclear factor-kappa was reduced. Treatment with ST ethanolic extract also reduced advanced glycation end product (AGE) accumulation and expression of the receptor for AGE (RAGE) in skin tissue. These results suggest that ST ethanolic extract moderates skin damage caused by UVB irradiation via regulating the expression of wrinkle- and hydration-related proteins, MAPKs, and RAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Gu
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Weon Lee
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- New Drug Development Venter, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Guijae Yoo
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwan Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Wook Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsook Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Keun Ha
- Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Review on Chemical Constituents of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. and Their Pharmacological Effects. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165249. [PMID: 36014489 PMCID: PMC9415675 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. is a famous Chinese traditional medicine with antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and hemostatic effects. Many chemical components can be isolated and detected by using various analysis methods, including monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, aldehydes, ketones, quinones, alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids and esters, etc., in which volatile oil was considered to be the main chemical component. In this paper, the chemical constituents and their pharmacological effects were reviewed by summarizing the recent literature, revealing the relationship between them.
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He Y, Yang Z, Pi J, Cai T, Xia Y, Cao X, Liu J. EGCG attenuates the neurotoxicity of methylglyoxal via regulating MAPK and the downstream signaling pathways and inhibiting advanced glycation end products formation. Food Chem 2022; 384:132358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Rao Z, Zeng J, Li X, Peng L, Wang B, Luan F, Zeng N. JFNE-A isolated from Jing-Fang n-butanol extract attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and the NF-κB signaling pathway via promotion of autophagy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153891. [PMID: 35026506 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jing-Fang powder consists of Jingjie (Nepeta tenuifolia Benth, (Lamiaceae)). and Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk, (Apiaceae)) Previous studies have revealed that the Jing-Fang powder n-butanol extract (JFNE) has anti-acute lung injury (ALI) and anti-inflammatory properties; however, the active ingredient and mechanism remain unknown. PURPOSE In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of a bioactive fraction obtained from JFNE(JFNE-A) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice and explored the underlying mechanism. STUDY DESIGN The anti-acute lung injury effect and mechanism of JFNE-A was investigated by prophylactic administration of JFNE-A in mice with LPS-induced acute lung injury. METHODS The expression levels of myeloperoxidase(MPO) in lung tissues of mice and interleukin(IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, IL-1β, IL-5, interferon (IFN)-γ, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, and MIP-1β in bronchi alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by reagent kit and the histological changes were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) for general histopathological conditions under a light microscope. In addition, the ultrastructure of the cells in lung tissues were observed and photographed under a transmission electron microscope. The expression levels of protein were detected via Western blotting and the mRNA expression of relative genes were determined of via reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). What's more, we also further clarified the potential targets of JFNE-A through network pharmacology analysis, which could be utilized in ALI treatment. RESULTS Our results showed that pretreatment with JFNE-A for 7 days significantly reduced the lung pathological injury score, alleviated pulmonary edema, and decreased the lung tissue MPO level. Mechanistically, JFNE-A dramatically downregulated the protein levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, M-CSF, and IFN-γ in BALF and mRNA expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ in lung tissues. JFNE-A also significantly lowered the protein levels of iNOS and phosphorylated NF-κB (p65) and mRNA expression levels of iNOS, Rela, CHUK, and NF-κB1, and also elevated the protein expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and SOD1 and the mRNA expression levels of Nrf2, Hmox1, and Keap-1 in the lungs. Moreover, JFNE-A significantly decreased the protein expression of p62 and increased the ratio of LC3II/LC3I. It also upregulated the mRNA expression levels of Atg5 and Beclin-1, whereas it reduced the mRNA expression level of SQSTM1 and increased autophagosome structures. CONCLUSION Overall, treatment with JFNE-A ameliorated LPS-induced ALI in mice by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathways and promoting Nrf2 signaling pathways by accelerating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Jiuseng Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Lixia Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Baojun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Fei Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China.
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China.
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Ishige okamurae Ameliorates Methylglyoxal-Induced Nephrotoxicity via Reducing Oxidative Stress, RAGE Protein Expression, and Modulating MAPK, Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway in Mouse Glomerular Mesangial Cells. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092000. [PMID: 34574110 PMCID: PMC8471766 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) such as methylglyoxal (MGO) play a vital role in the pathogenesis of nephropathy, a diabetic complication. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-glycation and renal protective properties of Ishige okamurae extract (IOE) against AGE-induced oxidative stress. HPLC analysis confirmed that bioactive phlorotannins such as diphlorethohydroxycarmalol and ishophloroglucin A are predominantly present in IOE. IOE showed strong anti-glycation activities via inhibition of AGE formation, inhibition of AGE-protein cross-linking, and breaking of AGE-protein cross-links. In addition, in vitro studies using mesangial cells demonstrated that IOE effectively suppressed intracellular reactive oxygen species production, intracellular MGO accumulation, and apoptotic cell death by MGO-induced oxidative stress, in addition to regulating the expression of proteins involved in the receptor for AGEs and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response elements (ARE) signaling pathways. Therefore, IOE can serve as a natural therapeutic agent for the management of AGE-related nephropathy.
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