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E Y, Li W, Guo H, Zhang X, Caiyin Q, Yuan Y. Dynamic profiling of metabolite changes and health-promoting functions in 'yuling paste' during nine steaming and nine sun-drying processes. Food Chem X 2024; 23:101668. [PMID: 39139487 PMCID: PMC11321412 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Yuling paste, a traditional Chinese health food derived from longan pulp and American ginseng, undergoes a unique processing method involving nine cycles of steaming and sun-drying. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry combined with widely targeted metabolomics has been used to examine the dynamic change in metabolite profiles through the processing. A total of 758 metabolites were identified. Processing significantly affects metabolite changes, and network pharmacology is subsequently used to explore potential pharmacological ingredients. After processing, the contents of active ingredients such as ginsenoside rh2, oleanolic acid, choline, d-glucose, and D-galacturonic acid were found to increase significantly. These increases can be correlated to the enhancement of five distinct pathways, and the contents of naringenin-7-O-glucoside, adenosine, pantothenic acid, and D-sucrose decreased after the processing, correlating with decreases in two different pathways. This study provides a comprehensive reference and scientific basis for understanding the health benefits associated with this traditional health food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue E
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, 312300 Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weimiao Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hongbin Guo
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Shaoxing, 312300 Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianman Zhang
- Zhejiang Zhongxin Fluoride Materials Co., Ltd, No. 5 North Thirteen Road, Shangyu, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312369, China
| | - Qinggele Caiyin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Sohn E, Lim HS, Jin Kim Y, Kim BY, Yoon J, Kim JH, Jeong SJ. Exploring the therapeutic potential of Potentilla fragarioides var. major (Rosaceae) extract in Alzheimer's disease using in vitro and in vivo models: a multi-faceted approach. Neuroscience 2024:S0306-4522(24)00427-5. [PMID: 39179018 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is caused by various factors including amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation. We investigated the pharmacological effects of the ethanol extract of Potentilla fragarioides var. major (Rosaceae) (EEPF) on AD-related pathogenesis, which remain elusive. We observed the effects of EEPF on Aβ disaggregation and free-radical scavenging activities for 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using in vitro assays, evaluated the effects of EEPF on memory loss in two animal models, and examined the molecular regulatory mechanisms of EEPF using an antibody-protein microarray in EEPF-treated neuronal cell lines. EEPF inhibited Aβ aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner and enhanced free-radical scavenging activities for ABTS and DPPH. EEPF significantly inhibited memory impairment in the passive avoidance task, Y-maze test, and Morris water maze test in scopolamine-induced short-term memory loss mice and Aβ-injected AD-like mice. Nissl staining and immunohistochemistry for NeuN and Iba-1 confirmed the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of EEPF in both animal models. In H2O2-treated HT22 hippocampal cells, EEPF significantly prevented cell damage, enhanced CaMK2, and reduced ferric reductase. In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 microglia, EEPF significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced production of inflammatory factors, such as nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6, and decreased the phosphorylation of Smad3 and cyclin D3. High-performance liquid chromatography confirmed that EEPF has five major components: neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, polydatin, isochlorogenic acid A, and buddleoside, with amounts ranging across 1.91-9.41 mg/g. EEPF may be a promising drug for treatment of AD and AD-related brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Sohn
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye-Sun Lim
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 111 Geonjae-ro, Naju, Jeollanam-do 58245, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bu-Yeo Kim
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jiyeon Yoon
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo-Hwan Kim
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, 1342, Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo-Jin Jeong
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
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Loganathan C, Ameen F, Sakayanathan P, Amirul Islam M, Thayumanavan P. Exploring the interaction of phytochemicals from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flowers with glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase: An integrated in vitro and in silico approach. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 108:107996. [PMID: 38061170 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Targeting multiple factors such as oxidative stress, alpha glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) are considered advantageous for the treatment of diabetes and diabetes associated-cognitive dysfunction. In the present study, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flowers anthocyanin-rich extract (HRA) was prepared. Phytochemical analysis of HRA using LC-ESI/MS/MS revealed the presence of various phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. HRA showed in vitro antioxidant activity at low concentrations. HRA inhibited all the activities of mammalian glucosidases and AChE activity. The IC50 value of HRA for the inhibition of maltase, sucrase, isomaltase, glucoamylase and AChE was found to be 308.02 ± 34.25 µg/ml, 287.8 ± 19.49 µg/ml, 424.58 ± 34.75 µg/ml, 408.94 ± 64.82 µg/ml and 264.13 ± 30.84 µg/ml, respectively. Kinetic analysis revealed mixed-type inhibition against all the activities except for glucoamylase (competitive) activity. In silico analysis confirmed the interaction of two active constituents cyanidin 3-sophoroside (CS) and quercetin 3-O-sophoroside (QS) with four subunits, n-terminal and c-terminal subunits of human maltase-glucoamylase and sucrase-isomaltase as well as with AChE. Molecular dynamics simulation, binding free energy calculation, DCCM, PCA, PCA-based free energy surface analysis ascertained the stable binding of CS and QS with target proteins studied. HRA could be used as complementary therapy for diabetes and cognitive improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Loganathan
- Bioinnov Solutions LLP, Research and Development Center, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636002, India; Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical And Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600077, India.
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Penislusshiyan Sakayanathan
- Bioinnov Solutions LLP, Research and Development Center, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636002, India; Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636011, India
| | - M Amirul Islam
- Verschuren Centre for Sustainability in Energy and the Environment 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada B1M 1A2
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Color, Antioxidant Capacity and Flavonoid Composition in Hibiscus rosa- sinensis Cultivars. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041779. [PMID: 36838766 PMCID: PMC9960340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis plants are mainly cultivated as ornamental plants, but they also have food and medicinal uses. In this work, 16 H. rosa-sinensis cultivars were studied to measure their colorimetric parameters and the chemical composition of hydroethanolic extracts obtained from their petals. These extracts were characterized using UHPLC-ESI+-Obitrap-MS, and their antioxidant activity was evaluated using the ORAC assay. The identified flavonoids included anthocyanins derived from cyanidin, glycosylated flavonols derived from quercetin and kaempferol, and flavan-3-ols such as catechin and epicatechin. Cyanidin-sophoroside was the anthocyanin present in extracts of lilac, pink, orange, and red flowers, but was not detected in extracts of white or yellow flowers. The total flavonol concentration in the flower extracts was inversely proportional to the total anthocyanin content. The flavonol concentration varied according to the cultivar in the following order: red < pink < orange < yellow ≈ white, with the extract from the red flower presenting the lowest flavonol concentration and the highest anthocyanin concentration. The antioxidant activity increased in proportion to the anthocyanin concentration, from 1580 µmol Trolox®/g sample (white cultivar) to 3840 µmol Trolox®/g sample (red cultivar).
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Jangir N, Poonam, Dhadda S, Jangid DK. Recent advances in the synthesis of five‐ and six‐membered heterocycles as bioactive skeleton: A concise overview. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Jangir
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study) University of Rajasthan JLN Marg Jaipur Rajasthan India- 302004
| | - Poonam
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study) University of Rajasthan JLN Marg Jaipur Rajasthan India- 302004
| | - Surbhi Dhadda
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study) University of Rajasthan JLN Marg Jaipur Rajasthan India- 302004
| | - Dinesh K. Jangid
- Department of Chemistry (Centre of Advanced Study) University of Rajasthan JLN Marg Jaipur Rajasthan India- 302004
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Bhat IUH, Bhat R. Quercetin: A Bioactive Compound Imparting Cardiovascular and Neuroprotective Benefits: Scope for Exploring Fresh Produce, Their Wastes, and By-Products. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:586. [PMID: 34206761 PMCID: PMC8301140 DOI: 10.3390/biology10070586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin, a bioactive secondary metabolite, holds incredible importance in terms of bioactivities, which has been proved by in vivo and in vitro studies. The treatment of cardiovascular and neurological diseases by quercetin has been extensively investigated over the past decade. Quercetin is present naturally in appreciable amounts in fresh produce (fruits and vegetables). However, today, corresponding to the growing population and global demand for fresh fruits and vegetables, a paradigm shift and focus is laid towards exploring industrial food wastes and/or byproducts as a new resource to obtain bioactive compounds such as quercetin. Based on the available research reports over the last decade, quercetin has been suggested as a reliable therapeutic candidate for either treating or alleviating health issues, mainly those of cardiovascular and neurological diseases. In the present review, we have summarized some of the critical findings and hypotheses of quercetin from the available databases foreseeing its future use as a potential therapeutic agent to treat cardiovascular and neurological diseases. It is anticipated that this review will be a potential reference material for future research activities to be undertaken on quercetin obtained from fresh produce as well as their respective processing wastes/byproducts that rely on the circular concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ul Haq Bhat
- ERA-Chair for Food (By-) Products Valorisation Technologies (VALORTECH), Estonian University of Life Sciences, 51006 Tartu, Estonia;
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