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Wrześniewska M, Wołoszczak J, Świrkosz G, Szyller H, Gomułka K. The Role of the Microbiota in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis-A Literature Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6539. [PMID: 38928245 PMCID: PMC11203945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with a high prevalence worldwide. AD pathogenesis is complex and consists of immune system dysregulation and impaired skin barrier, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of the review is to show the complex interplay between atopic dermatitis and the microbiota. Human microbiota plays an important role in AD pathogenesis and the course of the disease. Dysbiosis is an important factor contributing to the development of atopic diseases, including atopic dermatitis. The gut microbiota can influence the composition of the skin microbiota, strengthening the skin barrier and regulating the immune response via the involvement of bacterial metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids, in signaling pathways of the gut-skin axis. AD can be modulated by antibiotic intake, dietary adjustments, hygiene, and living conditions. One of the promising strategies for modulating the course of AD is probiotics. This review offers a summary of how the microbiota influences the development and treatment of AD, highlighting aspects that warrant additional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Wrześniewska
- Student Scientific Group of Internal Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (G.Ś.); (H.S.)
| | - Julia Wołoszczak
- Student Scientific Group of Internal Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (G.Ś.); (H.S.)
| | - Gabriela Świrkosz
- Student Scientific Group of Internal Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (G.Ś.); (H.S.)
| | - Hubert Szyller
- Student Scientific Group of Internal Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.W.); (J.W.); (G.Ś.); (H.S.)
| | - Krzysztof Gomułka
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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Aguwa C, Enwereji N, Santiago S, Hine A, Kels GG, McGee J, Lu J. Targeting dysbiosis in psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and hidradenitis suppurativa: the gut-skin axis and microbiome-directed therapy. Clin Dermatol 2023; 41:640-649. [PMID: 37816413 DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence highlights the gut-skin microbiota as a potential therapeutic target for the management of inflammatory-driven cutaneous diseases as well as the interconnection of the gut-skin microbiota in disease pathogenesis and progression. Although not fully understood, recent research has indicated that commensal microbiota and the interaction of the gut-skin axis play an important role in maintaining skin homeostasis. Dysbiosis and disruption of the skin-gut microbiome may lead to impaired skin barrier function, thus triggering downstream inflammatory responses involved in the development of inflammatory skin disorders, especially in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and hidradenitis suppurativa. The skin microbiome may also serve as adjunctive therapeutic modalities for treatment. Herein, we review the latest reports on the interrelationship between microbial dysbiosis and inflammatory cutaneous diseases as well as emerging microbiome-directed therapeutics in atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and hidradenitis suppurativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuzo Aguwa
- School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ndidi Enwereji
- Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, North Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sueheidi Santiago
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ashley Hine
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Jean McGee
- Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
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Chen S, Tang L, Nie T, Fang M, Cao X. Fructo-oligofructose ameliorates 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions and psychiatric comorbidities in mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:5004-5018. [PMID: 36987580 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by pruritus and eczema lesions and psychiatric comorbidities. The gut-brain-skin axis plays a pivotal role during AD development, which might suggest a novel therapeutic strategy for AD. The present study aims to uncover the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of fructo-oligofructose (FOS), a type of prebiotic, on AD-like skin manifestations and comorbid anxiety and depression in AD mice. RESULTS Female Kunming mice were treated topically with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) to induce AD-like symptoms and FOS was administered daily for 14 days. The results showed that FOS could alleviate AD-like skin lesions markedly as evidenced by dramatic decreases in severity score, scratching bouts, the levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and T helper 1(Th1)/Th2-related cytokines, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells and mast cells to the dermal tissues. The comorbid anxiety and depressive-like behaviors, estimated by the forced swimming test (FST), the tail-suspension test (TST), the open-field test (OFT), and the zero maze test (ZMT) in AD mice, were significantly attenuated by FOS. Fructo-oligofructose significantly upregulated brain neurotransmitters levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine (DA). Furthermore, FOS treatment increased the relative abundance of gut microbiota, such as Prevotella and Lactobacillus and the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially acetate and iso-butyrate in the feces of AD mice. The correlation analysis indicated that the reshaped gut microbiome composition and enhanced SCFAs formation are associated with skin inflammation and behavioral alteration. CONCLUSION Collectively, these data identify FOS as a promising microbiota-targeted treatment for AD-like skin inflammation and comorbid anxiety and depressive-like behaviors. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoze Chen
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Nie
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingyu Fang
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqin Cao
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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Han K, Ahn Y, Hong KB, Suh HJ, Yu KW, Kim H. Ameliorating the efficacy of galacto-oligosaccharides on ovalumin-induced allergic dermatitis symptoms in Balb/c mice by regulating Th2 immune response and the ecosystem of gut microbiota. Food Funct 2022; 13:6271-6281. [PMID: 35604005 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00157h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the effect of oral administration of galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS), famous biological molecules that are comprised of galactose and lactose, on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic dermatitis. OVA-induced mice were divided into the OVA-administered group (OVA-C), promethazine hydrochloride-administered group (PC), and 100 and 200 mg kg-1 GOS-administered groups (GL and GH, respectively). GOS administration significantly improved epidermal thickness and decreased CD4+ cell numbers. The concentrations of IgE, OVA-specific IgE, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and INF-γ) in GH group mice were significantly lower than those in OVA-C group mice. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were identified as the major phyla in the intestinal microbiota in mice, and the relative abundance of Deferribacteres was significantly lower in the GH group than in the OVA-C group. Deferribacteraceae and Mucispirillum species were significantly lower in the GH group than in the OVA-C group. The relative abundance of Muribaculum species was significantly lower, but those of Lachnospira and Lactococcus species were significantly higher in the GH group than in the OVA-C group. Our results suggest that the alleviation effect of GOS on allergic dermatitis induced by OVA sensitization was achieved by regulating hypersensitive immune responses by improving the intestinal microbial ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisoo Han
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yejin Ahn
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Bae Hong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea. .,Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Graduate School, Korea University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Won Yu
- Division of Food and Nutrition, Korea National University of Transportation, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea.
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Blanco-Pérez F, Steigerwald H, Schülke S, Vieths S, Toda M, Scheurer S. The Dietary Fiber Pectin: Health Benefits and Potential for the Treatment of Allergies by Modulation of Gut Microbiota. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2021; 21:43. [PMID: 34505973 PMCID: PMC8433104 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-021-01020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The incidence of allergies is increasing and has been associated with several environmental factors including westernized diets. Changes in environment and nutrition can result in dysbiosis of the skin, gut, and lung microbiota altering the production of microbial metabolites, which may in turn generate epigenetic modifications. The present review addresses studies on pectin-mediated effects on allergies, including the immune modulating mechanisms by bacterial metabolites. Recent Findings Recently, microbiota have gained attention as target for allergy intervention, especially with prebiotics, that are able to stimulate the growth and activity of certain microorganisms. Dietary fibers, which cannot be digested in the gastrointestinal tract, can alter the gut microbiota and lead to increased local and systemic concentrations of gut microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These can promote the generation of peripheral regulatory T cells (Treg) by epigenetic modulation and suppress the inflammatory function of dendritic cells (DCs) by transcriptional modulation. The dietary fiber pectin (a plant-derived polysaccharide commonly used as gelling agent and dietary supplement) can alter the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in gut and lung microbiota, increasing the concentrations of SCFAs in feces and sera, and reducing the development of airway inflammation by suppressing DC function. Summary Pectin has shown immunomodulatory effects on allergies, although the underlying mechanisms still need to be elucidated. It has been suggested that the different types of pectin may exert direct and/or indirect immunomodulatory effects through different mechanisms. However, little is known about the relation of certain pectin structures to allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Blanco-Pérez
- Molecular Allergology, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany.
| | - Hanna Steigerwald
- Molecular Allergology, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Stefan Schülke
- Molecular Allergology, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Molecular Allergology, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Masako Toda
- Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Stephan Scheurer
- Molecular Allergology, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
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Boosting the Photoaged Skin: The Potential Role of Dietary Components. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051691. [PMID: 34065733 PMCID: PMC8156873 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin photoaging is mainly induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and its manifestations include dry skin, coarse wrinkle, irregular pigmentation, and loss of skin elasticity. Dietary supplementation of nutraceuticals with therapeutic and preventive effects against skin photoaging has recently received increasing attention. This article aims to review the research progress in the cellular and molecular mechanisms of UV-induced skin photoaging. Subsequently, the beneficial effects of dietary components on skin photoaging are discussed. The photoaging process and the underlying mechanisms are complex. Matrix metalloproteinases, transforming growth factors, skin adipose tissue, inflammation, oxidative stress, nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, telomeres, microRNA, advanced glycation end products, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and transient receptor potential cation channel V are key regulators that drive the photoaging-associated changes in skin. Meanwhile, mounting evidence from animal models and clinical trials suggests that various food-derived components attenuate the development and symptoms of skin photoaging. The major mechanisms of these dietary components to alleviate skin photoaging include the maintenance of skin moisture and extracellular matrix content, regulation of specific signaling pathways involved in the synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix, and antioxidant capacity. Taken together, the ingestion of food-derived functional components could be an attractive strategy to prevent skin photoaging damage.
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