Chemoselective halogenation of 2-hydroperfluoroalkyl aldehydes

Rechargeable Aqueous Mn-Metal Battery Enabled by Inorganic-Organic Interfaces

Aqueous batteries that use metal anodes exhibit maximum anodic capacity, whereas the energy density is still unsatisfactory partially due to the high redox potential of the metal anode. Current metal anodes are plagued by the dilemma that the redox potential of Zn is not low enough, whereas Al, Mg, and others with excessively low redox potential cannot work properly in aqueous electrolytes. Mn metal with a suitably low redox potential is a promising candidate, which was rarely explored before. Here, we report a rechargeable aqueous Mn-metal battery enabled by a well-designed electrolyte and robust inorganic-organic interfaces. The inorganic Sn-based interface with a bottom-up microstructure was constructed to preliminarily suppress water decomposition. With this bubble-free interface, the organic interface can be formed via an esterification reaction of sucrose triggered by acyl chloride in the electrolyte, generating a dense physical shield that isolates water while permitting Mn²⁺ diffusion. Hence, a Mn symmetric cell achieves a superior plating/stripping stability for 200 hours, and a Mn||V₂ O₅ battery maintains approximately 100 % capacity after 200 cycles. Moreover, the Mn||V₂ O₅ battery realizes a much higher output voltage than that of the Zn||V₂ O₅ battery, evidencing the possibility of increasing the energy density through using a Mn anode. This work develops a systematic strategy to stabilize a Mn-metal anode for Mn-metal batteries, opening a new door towards enhanced voltage of aqueous batteries.

Nucleophilic phenylation: a remarkable application of alkoxymethyltriphenylphosphonium salts

A new application of α-alkoxymethylphosphonium salts in the nucleophilic phenylation of carbonyl compounds is demonstrated. Phenylation of aldehydes, ketones and acyl halides were studied by employing α-alkoxymethyltriphenylphosphonium halides in the presence of lithium hydroxide. New application of α-alkoxymethyltriphenylphosphonium salts. Metal-free, mild and selective phenylation. Easy preparation and handling of the reagent.

Facile synthesis of α-alkoxymethyltriphenylphosphonium iodides: new application of PPh3/I2

An efficient one pot method for the synthesis of α-alkoxymethylphosphonium iodides is developed by using PPh3/I2 combination at room temperature. Reaction conditions are found general to synthesize wide range of structurally variant alkoxymethylphosphonium iodides in high yield (70-91%). These new functionalized phosphonium salts are further used in stereoselective synthesis of vinyl ethers as well as in carbon homologation of aldehydes.

Aerobic oxidative esterification and thioesterification of aldehydes using dibromoisocyanuric acid under mild conditions: no metal catalysts required

Esters and thioesters were successfully prepared through oxidative esterification and thioesterification of corresponding aldehydes in the presence of dibromoisocyanuric acid.

Trifluoromethyl ketones: properties, preparation, and application

Trifluoromethyl ketones (TFMKs) are exceedingly valuable synthetic targets in their own right and as synthons in the construction of fluorinated pharmacons. This Feature Article provides an overview of the properties of TFMKs, an in-depth discussion of the methods available for their synthesis, and two illustrative examples of their application as key intermediates in medicinal chemistry.