Synthesis and characterization of novel fluoroether-substituted phthalocyanines

Photophysical and photochemical properties of fluoroether-substituted zinc(II) and titanium(IV) phthalocyanines

The synthesis and characterization of novel zinc(II) (1a–4a) and oxo-titanium(IV) (1b–4b) phthalocyanine derivatives bearing 1H,1H-nona?uoro-3,6-dioxaheptan-1-ol groups are described for the first time. These phthalocyanines (1a–4a and 1b–4b) were characterized by elemental analysis and different spectroscopic techniques such as UV-vis, [Formula: see text]H NMR, FTIR and mass. Furthermore, the photophysical (fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes) and photochemical (singlet oxygen generation and photodegradation) properties of these phthalocyanines were investigated in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution. The influence of the number of the substituted groups (tetra or octa), position of the substituents (peripheral or non-peripheral) and central metal atom (zinc or titanium) on the photophysical and photochemical properties of these phthalocyanines were evaluated.

Fluorination of phthalocyanine substituents: Improved photoproperties and enhanced photodynamic efficacy after optimal micellar formulations

A fluorinated phthalocyanine and its non-fluorinated analogue were selected to evaluate the potential enhancement of fluorination on photophysical, photochemical and redox properties as well as on biological activity in cellular and animal models. Due to the pharmacological relevance, the affinity of these phthalocyanines towards biological membranes (logP_ow) as well as their primary interaction with human serum albumin (HSA) or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were determined. Water-dispersible drug formulation of phthalocyanines via Pluronic^®-based triblock copolymer micelles was prepared to avoid self-aggregation effects and to improve their delivery. The obtained results demonstrate that phthalocyanines incorporation into tunable-polymeric micelles significantly enhanced their cellular uptake and their photocytotoxicity. The improved biodistribution and photodynamic efficacy of the phthalocyanines-triblock copolymer conjugates was also confirmed in vivo in CT26 bearing BALB/c mice. PDT with both compounds led to tumor growth inhibition in all treated animals. Fluorinated phthalocyanine 2 turned out to be the most effective anticancer agent as the tumors of 20% of mice treated regressed completely and did not appear for over one year after treatment.

Synthesis and characterization of O- and S-bridged perfluoroalkylated metal-free and zinc phthalocyanines

The synthesis of tetra and octa perfluoroalkyl substituted zinc and metal free phthalocyanines ( ZnPc and H 2 Pc ) are reported. The compounds 1–5 have been prepared by nucleophilic substitution of 4-nitrophthalonitrile with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctanethiol, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecan-1-ol, 1H,1H-perfluorodecan-1-ol, 1H,1H-perfluorotetradecan-1-ol and 1H,1H-perfluoro-3,6,9-trioxatridecan-1-ol, respectively. The compounds 6–8 have been prepared by the reaction of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecan-1-ol, 1H,1H-perfluorodecan-1-ol and 1H,1H-perfluoro-3,6,9-trioxatridecan-1-ol with 4,5-dichlororphthalonitrile, respectively. The compound 9 with thia-bridge has been synthesized from 4,5-dichlororphthalonitrile. Zinc and metal free phthalocyanines were obtained from the corresponding phthalonitrile derivatives. All compounds were characterized by using mass, 1 H , 19 F NMR, UV-vis and FT-IR as well as elemental analysis. Tetra substituted Zn ( II ) phthalocyanines are slightly soluble only in THF (Compound 4a and 7a are insoluble) but metal free phthalocyanines are not soluble. Octa substituted Zn ( II ) and metal free phthalocyanine are soluble in polar solvents such as THF and DMSO.