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Ren W, Li H, Huang X, Xing X, Yan G, Yang J, Zhang G. Facile strategy for intrinsic low- κ dielectric polymers: molecular design based on space charge conservation. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:2875-2885. [PMID: 38545861 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh02034g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The growing need for high-power and compact-size microelectronic integrated circuits (ICs) in modern microelectronic industries and 5G communication systems demands low dielectric constant (κ) polymer dielectrics with excellent temperature capability, mechanical property and processability. However, conventional molecular design strategies often face difficulties of a trade-off between optimizing the dielectric performance of polymers and maintaining the aforementioned properties. Herein, we present an innovative and facile strategy that utilizes the space charge distribution characteristics of the target co-monomer to solve this trade-off. Based on this design strategy, a novel polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK) with two different charge distribution units (BAF and SBI) was designed and synthesized. Both the experimental results and computational simulations confirm that these two components serve to weaken the polarization of molecular chains in the electric field, induce higher molecular chain packing density and fewer weaknesses, and synchronously regulate the κ, dielectric loss (tan δ), thermal and mechanical properties and processability by generating a strong inter-chain electrostatic interaction. The resultant copolymer, PAEK-4F6S, exhibits exceptional low κ and tan δ values of 1.98 and 0.0024 at 1 MHz, respectively, and these values remain stable over a broad frequency (1-106 Hz, 8.2-12.4 GHz) and temperature range (30-150 °C). Furthermore, the resultant copolymer demonstrates excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties, with a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 195 °C, 5 wt% decomposition temperature (Td5%) of 498 °C under N2, tensile strength of 63.5 MPa and tensile modulus of 1011.2 MPa, respectively. The synthesis procedure of these resultant copolymers is facile, and they are found to have favorable solution and melt processing properties, making them suitable for processing and scalable production. More importantly, this design strategy is beneficial for lowering the κ and tan δ values, and simultaneously enhancing the comprehensive performances of the objective polymers, which provides a completely novel and facile approach for the design and fabrication of high performance low-κ polymers suitable for the needs of microelectronics and communication fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- Institute of Materials Science & Technology, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Haoning Li
- Institute of Materials Science & Technology, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | | | - Guangming Yan
- Institute of Materials Science & Technology, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Materials Science & Technology, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Institute of Materials Science & Technology, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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Miao L, Zhan L, Liao S, Li Y, He T, Yin S, Wu L, Qiu H. The Recent Advances of Polymer-POSS Nanocomposites With Low Dielectric Constant. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300601. [PMID: 38232689 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
This study provides a comprehensive overview of the preparation methods for polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) monomers and polymer/POSS nanocomposites. It focuses on the latest advancements in using POSS to design polymer nanocomposites with reduced dielectric constants. The study emphasizes exploring the potential of POSS, either alone or in combination with other materials, to decrease the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of various polymers, including polyimides, bismaleimide resins, poly(aryl ether)s, polybenzoxazines, benzocyclobutene resins, polyolefins, cyanate ester resins, and epoxy resins. In addition, the research investigates the impact of incorporating POSS on improving the thermal properties, mechanical properties, surface properties, and other aspects of these polymers. The entire study is divided into two parts, discussing systematically the role of POSS in reducing dielectric constants during the preparation of POSS composites using both physical blending and chemical synthesis methods. The goal of this research is to provide valuable strategies for designing a new generation of low dielectric constant materials suitable for large-scale integrated circuits in the semiconductor materials domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Miao
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P.R. China
| | - Shenglong Liao
- School of engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P.R. China
| | - Tian He
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P.R. China
| | - Shouchun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P.R. China
| | - Lianbin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P.R. China
| | - Huayu Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, P.R. China
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Rodríguez-Molina M, Galicia-Badillo D, Cetina-Mancilla E, Cárdenas J, Olvera LI, Toscano RA, Rodríguez-Molina B, Zolotukhin MG. 9-Trifluoromethylxanthenediols: Synthesis and Supramolecular Motifs. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:13520-13528. [PMID: 35559143 PMCID: PMC9088779 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of four derivatives and the single-crystal X-ray structures of six 9-trifluoromethylxanthenediols (TFXdiols) I-VI are analyzed in this work. These compounds were obtained through superacid-catalyzed condensation of dihydroxybenzenes with 1,1,1-trifluoroacetone or 2,2,2-trifluoroacetophenone. The title molecules have a convex molecular structure due to their three fused rings of the xanthene moiety. We have found that, similar to resorcinol, the configuration of the hydroxyl groups is of great relevance for the crystal packing favoring either interactions above and below their molecular plane or lateral interactions that create layers. Considering that reports of TFXdiols are very scarce, our findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular conformation and intermolecular interactions in their crystal structures. A similar analysis was extended to a fortuitous cocrystal obtained between 9-trifluoromethyl-9-(4'-fluorophenyl)-xanthenediol and 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, showing that these structures might be used to obtain cocrystals in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rodríguez-Molina
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México, Av. Universidad, CU, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Dazaet Galicia-Badillo
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad, CU, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Enoc Cetina-Mancilla
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México, Av. Universidad, CU, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jorge Cárdenas
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad, CU, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Lilian I. Olvera
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México, Av. Universidad, CU, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rubén A. Toscano
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad, CU, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Braulio Rodríguez-Molina
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad, CU, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Mikhail G. Zolotukhin
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México, Av. Universidad, CU, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, México
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Qingze Jiao, Li N, Zhang P, Wang S, Zhao Y, Feng C, Lv Y. Synthesis of Novel Fluorinated Poly(aryl ether ketone)s and Their Properties. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090421040059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhang ZY, Sheng SR, Zhang XL, Pan Y, Liu XL. New poly(aryl ether ketone)s containing 2,6-diphenylpyridyl units and diphenylphosphinophenyl pendant groups. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008319901148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
4-(4-Diphenylphosphino)phenyl-2,6-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyridine, as a new bisphenol monomer, was prepared from 4-(diphenylphosphino)benzaldehyde and 4-hydroxyacetophenone and used in the preparation of several aromatic poly(ether ketone)s (PEKs) containing 2,6-diphenylpyridyl units and diphenylphosphinophenyl pendant groups via a nucleophilic aromatic substitution polycondensation with difluorinated aromatic ketones. The polycondensation proceeded quantitatively in tetramethylene sulfone in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate and afforded the polymers with high molecular weights. The resulting PEKs are amorphous and exhibit high glass transition temperatures of 209–255°C and 5% weight loss temperatures of 536–554°C with char yields of 57–62% at 800°C in nitrogen. Their high char yields and good limited oxygen index values ranging from 39 to 43 indicated these polymers exhibited good thermal stability and flame-retardant property. All new PEKs were soluble in common organic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacetamide, and chloroform and could form tough, flexible, and strong films with tensile strengths of 74.6–86.8 MPa, tensile moduli of 2.9–3.6 GPa, and elongations at break of 5–9%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shou-Ri Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Mao H, You Y, Tong L, Tang X, Wei R, Liu X. Dielectric properties of poly(arylene ether nitrile ketone) copolymers. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008318808570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of poly(arylene ether nitrile ketone) (PENK) random copolymers are successfully synthesized by the nucleophilic aromatic substitution polymerization of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile, 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone with various bisphenol monomers (4,4′-biphenol, bisphenol A, phenolphthalein, and hydroquinone). Compared with poly(arylene ether ketone), the PENK copolymers possess better solubility in polar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, and so on. Because of the different molecular structures, the PENK copolymers exhibit thermal properties with their glass transition temperature ( T g) in the range of 171–237°C and 5% weight loss temperature ( T d) ranging from 409°C to 554°C. Moreover, all polymers with an intrinsic viscosity of approximately 1 dL/g show excellent film-forming properties and outstanding mechanical strength higher than 85 MPa. The temperature dependence of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of all derived copolymers is stable before their T g. The breakdown strength of the hydroquinone-derived PENK copolymer is as high as 253 kV/mm, resulting in an energy storage density of 1.00 J/cm3. These solvent processable PENK copolymers are potential dielectric candidates for high temperature applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Mao
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong You
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lifen Tong
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohe Tang
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Renbo Wei
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Research Branch of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Tanks JD, Kubouchi M, Arao Y. Influence of network structure on the degradation of poly(ether)amine-cured epoxy resins by inorganic acid. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Hao J, Wei Y, Li X, Mu J. Poly(arylene ether ketone)s with low dielectric constants derived from polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and difluorinated aromatic ketones. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinmeng Hao
- College of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education; Jinlin University; Changchun 130012 China
| | - Yanfeng Wei
- College of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education; Jinlin University; Changchun 130012 China
| | - Xuesong Li
- College of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education; Jinlin University; Changchun 130012 China
| | - Jianxin Mu
- College of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education; Jinlin University; Changchun 130012 China
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Hao J, Wei Y, Mu J. Ultra-low dielectric constant materials with hydrophobic property derived from polyhedral oligomeric silsequioxane (POSS) and perfluoro-aromatics. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra17499j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Soluble poly(arylene ether)s with perfluoro-aromatics and POSS in the main chains exhibited ultra low dielectric constants and hydrophobic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmeng Hao
- College of Chemistry
- The Key Lab of High Performance Plastics
- Ministry of Education
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Yanfeng Wei
- College of Chemistry
- The Key Lab of High Performance Plastics
- Ministry of Education
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
| | - Jianxin Mu
- College of Chemistry
- The Key Lab of High Performance Plastics
- Ministry of Education
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
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Huo P, Ba J, Zhang S, Zhang X, Geng Z, Liu Y, Wang G. The influence of different length of symmetrical alkyl side chains on the dielectric constant of soluble poly(aryl ether ketone) copolymers. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008315585015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel amorphous poly(aryl ether ketone) random copolymers containing rigid bulky pendant adamantyl groups and different length symmetrical alkyl side chains were synthesized and characterized. The chemical structures of the copolymers were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies. The influence of different length of symmetrical alkyl side chains on the dielectric constant, thermal property, mechanical property, and water uptake was investigated. The result shows that the dielectric constants ( κ) of the copolymer films ( κ = 2.72–2.90 at 1 MHz) are remarkably lower than commercial poly(ether ether ketone) ( κ = 3.27 at 1 MHz), and with the increasing length of symmetrical alkyl side chains of the copolymers, the dielectric constants of the copolymers decrease. The flexibility of the copolymer films exhibits a positive trend as the length of symmetrical alkyl side chains increases. Simultaneously, the copolymers maintain good solubility, low water uptakes, and excellent thermal and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Huo
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinyu Ba
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuling Zhang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingrui Zhang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Geng
- College of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guibin Wang
- Alan G. MacDiarmid Institute, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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Synthesis and properties of poly(aryl ether ketone)s with 2,6-diphenylpyridyl moieties and 4-trifluoromethylphenyl side groups. J Fluor Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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