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Abstract
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Fluorinated
carbohydrates have found many applications in the glycosciences.
Typically, these contain fluorination at a single position. There
are not many applications involving polyfluorinated carbohydrates,
here defined as monosaccharides in which more than one carbon has
at least one fluorine substituent directly attached to it, with the
notable exception of their use as mechanism-based inhibitors. The
increasing attention to carbohydrate physical properties, especially
around lipophilicity, has resulted in a surge of interest for this
class of compounds. This review covers the considerable body of work
toward the synthesis of polyfluorinated hexoses, pentoses, ketosugars,
and aminosugars including sialic acids and nucleosides. An overview
of the current state of the art of their glycosidation is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kler Huonnic
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Bruno Linclau
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K.,Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Campus Sterre, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
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2
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Hevey R. The Role of Fluorine in Glycomimetic Drug Design. Chemistry 2020; 27:2240-2253. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Hevey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Basel, Pharmazentrum Klingelbergstrasse 50 4056 Basel Switzerland
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3
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St-Gelais J, Côté É, Lainé D, Johnson PA, Giguère D. Addressing the Structural Complexity of Fluorinated Glucose Analogues: Insight into Lipophilicities and Solvation Effects. Chemistry 2020; 26:13499-13506. [PMID: 32652740 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we synthesized all mono-, di-, and trifluorinated glucopyranose analogues at positions C-2, C-3, C-4, and C-6. This systematic investigation allowed us to perform direct comparison of 19 F resonances of fluorinated glucose analogues and also to determine their lipophilicities. Compounds with a fluorine atom at C-6 are usually the most hydrophilic, whereas those with vicinal polyfluorinated motifs are the most lipophilic. Finally, the solvation energies of fluorinated glucose analogues were assessed for the first time by using density functional theory. This method allowed the log P prediction of fluoroglucose analogues, which was comparable to the C log P values obtained from various web-based programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob St-Gelais
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 av. De la Médecine, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Émilie Côté
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 av. De la Médecine, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Danny Lainé
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 av. De la Médecine, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Paul A Johnson
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 av. De la Médecine, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Denis Giguère
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, 1045 av. De la Médecine, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
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4
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Keenan T, Parmeggiani F, Malassis J, Fontenelle CQ, Vendeville JB, Offen W, Both P, Huang K, Marchesi A, Heyam A, Young C, Charnock SJ, Davies GJ, Linclau B, Flitsch SL, Fascione MA. Profiling Substrate Promiscuity of Wild-Type Sugar Kinases for Multi-fluorinated Monosaccharides. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1199-1206.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Shishmarev D, Quiquempoix L, Fontenelle CQ, Linclau B, Kuchel PW. Anomerisation of Fluorinated Sugars by Mutarotase Studied Using 19F NMR Two-Dimensional Exchange Spectroscopy. Aust J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/ch19562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Five 19F-substituted glucose analogues were used to probe the activity and mechanism of the enzyme mutarotase by using magnetisation-exchange NMR spectroscopy. The sugars (2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose, FDG2; 3-fluoro-3-deoxy-d-glucose, FDG3; 4-fluoro-4-deoxy-d-glucose, FDG4; 2,3-difluoro-2,3-dideoxy-d-glucose, FDG23; and 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-2,3-dideoxy-d-glucose (2,3-dideoxy-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-d-erythro-hexopyranose), FDG2233) showed separate 19F NMR spectroscopic resonances from their respective α- and β-anomers, thus allowing two-dimensional exchange spectroscopy measurements of the anomeric interconversion at equilibrium, on the time scale of a few seconds. Mutarotase catalysed the rapid exchange between the anomers of FDG4, but not the other four sugars. This finding, combined with previous work identifying the mechanism of the anomerisation by mutarotase, suggests that the rotation around the C1–C2 bond of the pyranose ring is the rate-limiting reaction step. In addition to d-glucose itself, it was shown that all other fluorinated sugars inhibited the FDG4 anomerisation, with the tetrafluorinated FDG2233 being the most potent inhibitor. Inhibition of mutarotase by F-sugars paves the way for the development of novel fluorinated compounds that are able to affect the activity of this enzyme invitro and invivo.
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St-Gelais J, Bouchard M, Denavit V, Giguère D. Synthesis and Lipophilicity of Trifluorinated Analogues of Glucose. J Org Chem 2019; 84:8509-8522. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob St-Gelais
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, PROTEO, RQRM, 1045 Avenue De la Médecine, Québec City, Quebec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Megan Bouchard
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, PROTEO, RQRM, 1045 Avenue De la Médecine, Québec City, Quebec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Vincent Denavit
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, PROTEO, RQRM, 1045 Avenue De la Médecine, Québec City, Quebec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Denis Giguère
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, PROTEO, RQRM, 1045 Avenue De la Médecine, Québec City, Quebec, Canada G1V 0A6
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Kurfiřt M, Červenková Št’astná L, Dračínský M, Müllerová M, Hamala V, Cuřínová P, Karban J. Stereoselectivity in Glycosylation with Deoxofluorinated Glucosazide and Galactosazide Thiodonors. J Org Chem 2019; 84:6405-6431. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kurfiřt
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Červenková Št’astná
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the CAS, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 16610 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Müllerová
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Hamala
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Cuřínová
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Karban
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v. v. i, Rozvojová 135, 16502 Praha, Czech Republic
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Quiquempoix L, Wang Z, Graton J, Latchem PG, Light M, Le Questel JY, Linclau B. Synthesis of 2,3,4-Trideoxy-2,3,4-trifluoroglucose. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5899-5906. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Quiquempoix
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Zhong Wang
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jérôme Graton
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes 2, rue de la Houssinière−BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Peter G. Latchem
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Light
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Yves Le Questel
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes 2, rue de la Houssinière−BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Bruno Linclau
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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Malassis J, Vendeville JB, Nguyen QH, Boujon M, Gaignard-Gaillard Q, Light M, Linclau B. Synthesis of vicinal dideoxy-difluorinated galactoses. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5331-5340. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00707e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three novel dideoxydifluorinated galactose derivatives are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Malassis
- School of Chemistry
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO171BJ
- UK
| | | | - Qui-Hien Nguyen
- School of Chemistry
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO171BJ
- UK
| | - Marie Boujon
- School of Chemistry
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO171BJ
- UK
| | | | - Mark Light
- School of Chemistry
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO171BJ
- UK
| | - Bruno Linclau
- School of Chemistry
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO171BJ
- UK
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Uhrig ML, Lantaño B, Postigo A. Synthetic strategies for fluorination of carbohydrates. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5173-5189. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00405j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Different synthetic strategies for accomplishing regio- and stereoselective fluorinations of carbohydrate scaffolds are discussed in light of the biological implications arising from such substitutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Uhrig
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- C1428EG Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Beatriz Lantaño
- Departmento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Junin 954 CP1113-Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Al Postigo
- Departmento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Junin 954 CP1113-Buenos Aires
- Argentina
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A Chiron approach towards the stereoselective synthesis of polyfluorinated carbohydrates. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4721. [PMID: 30413697 PMCID: PMC6226540 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06901-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The replacement of hydroxyl groups by fluorine atoms on hexopyranose scaffolds may allow access to the discovery of new chemical entities possessing unique physical, chemical and ultimately even biological properties. The prospect of significant effects generated by such multiple and controlled substitutions encouraged us to develop diverse synthetic routes towards the stereoselective synthesis of polyfluorinated hexopyranoses, six of which are unprecedented. Hence, we report the synthesis of heavily fluorinated galactose, glucose, mannose, talose, allose, fucose, and galacturonic acid methyl ester using a Chiron approach from inexpensive levoglucosan. Structural analysis of single-crystal X-ray diffractions and NMR studies confirm the conservation of favored 4C1 conformation for fluorinated carbohydrate analogs, while a slightly distorted conformation due to repulsive 1,3-diaxial F···F interaction is observed for the trifluorinated talose derivative. Finally, the relative stereochemistry of multi-vicinal fluorine atoms has a strong effect on the lipophilicities (logP). Polyfluorinated hexopyranoses display unique physical, chemical and biological properties, however their stereoselective synthesis is highly challenging. Here, the authors report a synthetic approach based on the chemical manipulation of inexpensive levoglucosan to obtain heavily fluorinated monosaccharides stereoselectively.
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Quiquempoix L, Bogdan E, Wells NJ, Le Questel JY, Graton J, Linclau B. A Study of Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding in Levoglucosan Derivatives. Molecules 2017; 22:E518. [PMID: 28338623 PMCID: PMC6154293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organofluorine is a weak hydrogen-bond (HB) acceptor. Bernet et al. have demonstrated its capability to perturb OH···O intramolecular hydrogen bonds (IMHBs), using conformationally rigid carbohydrate scaffolds including levoglucosan derivatives. These investigations are supplemented here by experimental and theoretical studies involving six new levoglucosan derivatives, and complement the findings of Bernet et al. However, it is shown that conformational analysis is instrumental in interpreting the experimental data, due to the occurrence of non-intramolecular hydrogen-bonded populations which, although minor, cannot be neglected and appears surprisingly significant. The DFT conformational analysis, together with the computation of NMR parameters (coupling constants and chemical shifts) and wavefunction analyses (AIM, NBO), provides a full picture. Thus, for all compounds, the most stabilized structures show the OH groups in a conformation allowing IMHB with O5 and O6, when possible. Furthermore, the combined approach points out the occurrence of various IMHBs and the effect of the chemical modulations on their features. Thus, two-center or three-center IMHB interactions are observed in these compounds, depending on the presence or absence of additional HB acceptors, such as methoxy or fluorine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Quiquempoix
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Elena Bogdan
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière-BP 92208, 44322 Nantes CEDEX 3, France.
| | - Neil J Wells
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Jean-Yves Le Questel
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière-BP 92208, 44322 Nantes CEDEX 3, France.
| | - Jérôme Graton
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière-BP 92208, 44322 Nantes CEDEX 3, France.
| | - Bruno Linclau
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
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Horník Š, Červenková Šťastná L, Cuřínová P, Sýkora J, Káňová K, Hrstka R, Císařová I, Dračínský M, Karban J. Synthesis and in vitro cytotoxicity of acetylated 3-fluoro, 4-fluoro and 3,4-difluoro analogs of D-glucosamine and D-galactosamine. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:750-9. [PMID: 27340467 PMCID: PMC4901990 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Derivatives of D-glucosamine and D-galactosamine represent an important family of the cell surface glycan components and their fluorinated analogs found use as metabolic inhibitors of complex glycan biosynthesis, or as probes for the study of protein–carbohydrate interactions. This work is focused on the synthesis of acetylated 3-deoxy-3-fluoro, 4-deoxy-4-fluoro and 3,4-dideoxy-3,4-difluoro analogs of D-glucosamine and D-galactosamine via 1,6-anhydrohexopyranose chemistry. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of the target compounds towards selected cancer cells is determined. Results: Introduction of fluorine at C-3 was achieved by the reaction of 1,6-anhydro-2-azido-2-deoxy-4-O-benzyl-β-D-glucopyranose or its 4-fluoro analog with DAST. The retention of configuration in this reaction is discussed. Fluorine at C-4 was installed by the reaction of 1,6:2,3-dianhydro-β-D-talopyranose with DAST, or by fluoridolysis of 1,6:3,4-dianhydro-2-azido-β-D-galactopyranose with KHF2. The amino group was introduced and masked as an azide in the synthesis. The 1-O-deacetylated 3-fluoro and 4-fluoro analogs of acetylated D-galactosamine inhibited proliferation of the human prostate cancer cell line PC-3 more than cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (IC50 28 ± 3 μM and 54 ± 5 μM, respectively). Conclusion: A complete series of acetylated 3-fluoro, 4-fluoro and 3,4-difluoro analogs of D-glucosamine and D-galactosamine is now accessible by 1,6-anhydrohexopyranose chemistry. Intermediate fluorinated 1,6-anhydro-2-azido-hexopyranoses have potential as synthons in oligosaccharide assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Štěpán Horník
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Červenková Šťastná
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Cuřínová
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Sýkora
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Káňová
- Regional Centre for Applied and Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Žlutý kopec 7, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Hrstka
- Regional Centre for Applied and Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Žlutý kopec 7, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Karban
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Praha, Czech Republic
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Santschi N, Aiguabella N, Lewe V, Gilmour R. Delineating the physical organic profile of the 6-fluoro glycosyl donor. J Fluor Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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