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Kitamura T, Oyamada J, Higashi M, Kishikawa Y. Molecular Iodine as a Catalyst for Alkene Difluorination. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5896-5900. [PMID: 38593206 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The difluorination reaction of alkenes catalyzed by molecular iodine was revealed for the first time. This difluorination reaction affords a simple and practical experimental method and can be applied to many aliphatic and aromatic alkenes bearing synthetically useful functional groups, such as ester, amide, hydroxy, and aryl groups. Preliminary mechanistic studies of this alkene difluorination suggest the existence of two catalytic cycles: the IF-driven cycle and the catalytic cycle by the IF adduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsugio Kitamura
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Juzo Oyamada
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
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Abstract
This review provides a short summary of the traditional methods for synthesis of CF3-O-containing compounds, followed by a critical overview of known trifluoromethoxylating reagents, focusing on their preparation, synthetic generality and limitations.
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Feng SX, Yang S, Tu FH, Lin PP, Huang LL, Wang H, Huang ZS, Li Q. Iodine(III)-Mediated Fluorination/Semipinacol Rearrangement Cascade of 2-Alkylidenecyclobutanol Derivatives: Access to β-Monofluorinated Cyclopropanecarbaldehydes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:6800-6812. [PMID: 33899472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A hypervalent iodine(III)-mediated ring-contractive fluorination reaction of 2-alkylidenecyclobutanol derivatives is presented. The protocol allows the facile synthesis of β-monofluorinated cyclopropanecarbaldehydes via a fluorination/semipinacol rearrangement cascade using nucleophilic Py·HF as the fluorine source. For challenging electron-rich arene substrates, the installation of a protecting group on the free alcohol is pivotal for maintaining the reaction efficiency. The synthetic utility was demonstrated by the scalability of this reaction and further transformations of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Xin Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Hai Tu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Peng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Long-Ling Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Honggen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Shu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qingjiang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
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