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Shreyash N, Sonker M, Bajpai S, Tiwary SK. Review of the Mechanism of Nanocarriers and Technological Developments in the Field of Nanoparticles for Applications in Cancer Theragnostics. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2307-2334. [PMID: 35014353 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cannot be controlled by the usage of drugs alone, and thus, nanotechnology is an important technique that can provide the drug with an impetus to act more effectively. There is adequate availability of anticancer drugs that are classified as alkylating agents, hormones, or antimetabolites. Nanoparticle (NP) carriers increase the residence time of the drug, thereby enhancing the survival rate of the drug, which otherwise gets washed off owing to the small size of the drug particles by the excretory system. For example, for enhancing the circulation, a coating of nonfouling polymers like PEG and dextran is done. Famous drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX) are commonly encapsulated inside the nanocomposite. The various classes of nanoparticles are used to enhance drug delivery by aiding it to fight against the tumor. Targeted therapy aims to attack the cells with features common to the cancer cells while minimizing damage to the normal cell, and these therapies work in one in four ways. Some block the cancer cells from reproducing newer cells, others release toxic substances to kill the cancer cells, some stimulate the immune system to destroy the cancer cells, and some block the growth of more blood vessels around cancer cells, which starve the cells of the nutrients, which is needed for their growth. This review aims to testify the advancements nanotechnology has brought in cancer therapy, and its statements are supported with recent research findings and clinical trial results.
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Ruh C, Banjade R, Mandadi S, Marr C, Sumon Z, Crane JK. Immunomodulatory Effects of Antimicrobial Drugs. Immunol Invest 2018; 46:847-863. [PMID: 29058544 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2017.1373900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Ruh
- a Antibiotic Stewardship Pharmacist , Erie County Medical Center , Buffalo , NY , USA
| | - Rashmi Banjade
- b Infectious Diseases Fellow , University at Buffalo , Buffalo , New York , USA
| | - Subhadra Mandadi
- b Infectious Diseases Fellow , University at Buffalo , Buffalo , New York , USA
| | - Candace Marr
- b Infectious Diseases Fellow , University at Buffalo , Buffalo , New York , USA
| | - Zarchi Sumon
- b Infectious Diseases Fellow , University at Buffalo , Buffalo , New York , USA
| | - John K Crane
- c Division of Infectious Diseases , University at Buffalo , Buffalo , New York , USA
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Chen HM, Wang YP, Chang JYF, Wu YC, Cheng SJ, Sun A. Significant association of deficiencies of hemoglobin, iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 and high homocysteine level with oral lichen planus. J Formos Med Assoc 2015; 114:124-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Wang YL, Chang CC, Chi CW, Chang HH, Chiang YC, Chuang YC, Chang HH, Huang GF, Liao YS, Lin CP. Erosive potential of soft drinks on human enamel: an in vitro study. J Formos Med Assoc 2014; 113:850-6. [PMID: 25001324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Most soft drinks are acidic in nature. Regular consumption of these drinks may result in dental erosion. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the erosive potential of different soft drinks in Taiwan by a novel multiple erosive method. METHODS Four commercially available soft drinks in Taiwan were selected for this study. The properties of each product were analyzed to measure their pH, titratable acidity, and ion contents. The erosive potential of the soft drinks was measured based on the amount of loss of human enamel surface following its exposure to the soft drinks tested for different periods (20 minutes, 60 minutes, and 180 minutes). The enamel loss was measured using a confocal laser scanning microscope. RESULTS The pH values of the soft drinks were below the critical pH value (5.5) for enamel demineralization, and ranged from 2.42 to 3.46. The drink with ingredients of citric acid and ascorbic acid had the highest titratable acidity (33.96 mmol OH(-)/L to pH 5.5 and 71.9 mmol OH(-)/L to pH 7). Exposure to all the soft drinks resulted in loss of human enamel surface (7.28-34.07 μm for 180-minute exposure). The beverage with the highest calcium content had the lowest erosive potential. CONCLUSION All tested soft drinks were found to be erosive. Soft drinks with high calcium contents have significantly lower erosive potential. Low pH value and high citrate content may cause more surface enamel loss. As the erosive time increased, the titratable acidity to pH 7 may be a predictor of the erosive potential for acidic soft drinks. The erosive potential of the soft drinks may be predicted based on the types of acid content, pH value, titratable acidity, and ion concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Lin Wang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chieh Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Chi
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Hueng Chang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Chiang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Chiao Chuang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hua Chang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guay-Fen Huang
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yunn-Shiuan Liao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pin Lin
- School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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