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Yang HW, Chun-Yu Ho D, Liao HY, Liao YW, Fang CY, Ng MY, Yu CC, Lin FC. Resveratrol inhibits arecoline-induced fibrotic properties of buccal mucosal fibroblasts via miR-200a activation. J Dent Sci 2024; 19:1028-1035. [PMID: 38618058 PMCID: PMC11010603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a precancerous lesion in the oral cavity, commonly results from the Areca nut chewing habit. Arecoline, the main component of Areca nut, is known to stimulate the activation of myofibroblasts, which can lead to abnormal collagen I deposition. Meanwhile, Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid phenolic substance that can be naturally obtained from various berries and foods. Given that resveratrol has significant anti-fibrosis traits in other organs, but little is known about its effect on OSF, this study aimed to investigate the therapeutic impact of resveratrol on OSF and its underlying mechanism. Materials and methods The cytotoxicity of resveratrol was tested using normal buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BMFs). Myofibroblast phenotypes such as collagen contractile, enhanced migration, and wound healing capacities in dose-dependently resveratrol-treated fBMFs were examined. Results Current results showed that arecoline induced cell migration and contractile activity in BMFs as well as upregulated the expressions of α-SMA, type I collagen, and ZEB1 markers. Resveratrol intervention, on the other hand, was shown to inhibit arecoline-induced myofibroblast activation and reduce myofibroblast hallmarks and EMT markers. Additionally, resveratrol was also demonstrated to restore the downregulated miR-200a in the arecoline-stimulated cells. Conclusion In a nutshell, these findings implicate that resveratrol may have an inhibitory influence on arecoline-induced fibrosis via the regulation of miR-200a. Hence, resveratrol may be used as a therapeutic strategy for OSF intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Yang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dennis Chun-Yu Ho
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Yi Liao
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Fang
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min Yee Ng
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chen Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
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P JE, Tn U, Perumal E. Inhibition of Oral Fibrinogenesis Through Transforming Growth Factor-Beta/SMAD2/3 Signalling Inhibition Using Mangosteen Pericarp Extract. Cureus 2023; 15:e47899. [PMID: 38034260 PMCID: PMC10683531 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chewing areca nuts can result in an oral disorder known as oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), which has the potential to be cancerous. Although it is only beginning to spread to European and the North American continents, it is highly prevalent in Southeast Asia. The probability of malignant transformation from OSF is raised by chewing tobacco use. In the current research, our objective was to assess the potential anti-fibrosis effects and the ability to prevent malignant transformation through the application of mangosteen pericarp extract. Methodology The Ethical Approval-IHEC/SDC/OMED-2101/23/085 from the institution was obtained to conduct this ex vivo study. The cytotoxicity effect of mangosteen pericarp extract on both normal and fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts originating from OSF tissues was tested. Cell proliferation and cell migration by scratch wound healing assay was examined. Dual staining was done to determine the mode of cell death. Additionally, real-time PCR was utilized to measure the expression of TGF-β/Smad2/3 signalling, α-SMA, and type I collagen gene expression. Results Mangosteen extract exerted higher cytotoxicity of fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts compared to normal cells. Furthermore, mangosteen-receiving cells exhibited downregulation in the expression of the TGF-β/Smad2 pathway, as well as reduced expression of α-SMA and type I collagen. Conclusion Findings from this study suggest that mangosteen could serve as a promising agent for averting the progression of oral fibrogenesis and halting the malignancy of the oral epithelium in patients with OSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jency Evanjelin P
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Umamaheswari Tn
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Elumalai Perumal
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Chou MY, Hsieh PL, Chao SC, Liao YW, Yu CC, Tsai CY. MiR-424/TGIF2-Mediated Pro-Fibrogenic Responses in Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065811. [PMID: 36982885 PMCID: PMC10053232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) has been recognized as a potentially malignant disorder and is characterized by inflammation and the deposition of collagen. Among various regulators of fibrogenesis, microRNAs (miR) have received great attention but the detailed mechanisms underlying the miR-mediated modulations remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that miR-424 was aberrantly overexpressed in OSF tissues, and then we assessed its functional role in the maintenance of myofibroblast characteristics. Our results demonstrated that the suppression of miR-424 markedly reduced various myofibroblast activities (such as collagen contractility and migration ability) and downregulated the expression of fibrosis markers. Moreover, we showed that miR-424 exerted this pro-fibrosis property via direct binding to TGIF2, an endogenous repressor of the TGF-β signaling. In addition, our findings indicated that overexpression of miR-424 activated the TGF-β/Smad pathway, leading to enhanced myofibroblast activities. Altogether, our data revealed how miR-424 contributed to myofibroblast transdifferentiation, and targeting the miR-424/TGIF2 axis may be a viable direction for achieving satisfactory results from OSF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yung Chou
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Chao
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 265, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Tsai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
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Lee YH, Hsieh PL, Chao SC, Liao YW, Liu CM, Yu CC. α-Mangostin Inhibits the Activation of Myofibroblasts via Downregulation of Linc-ROR-Mediated TGFB1/Smad Signaling. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061321. [PMID: 36986051 PMCID: PMC10051815 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a premalignant disorder and persistent activation of myofibroblasts is implicated in this pathological progression. Increasing attention has been addressed towards non-coding RNA-regulated myofibroblasts activities and the effects of phytochemicals on non-coding RNA modulation are of great importance. In the present study, we examined the anti-fibrosis property of α-mangostin, a xanthone isolated from the pericarp of mangosteen. We found that α-mangostin exhibited inhibitory potency in myofibroblast activities and expression of fibrosis markers at the concentrations that caused neglectable damage to normal cells. Apart from the downregulation of TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling, we found that α-mangostin attenuated the expression of long non-coding RNA LincROR as well. Our results demonstrated that the effects of α-mangostin on myofibroblast activation were reverted when LincROR was overexpressed. Additionally, we showed the expression of LincROR in OSF specimens was elevated and silencing of LincROR successfully attenuated myofibroblast characteristics and TGF-β1/Smad2 activation. Taken together, these findings indicated that the anti-fibrosis effects of α-mangostin merit consideration and may be due to the attenuation of LincROR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsien Lee
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Chao
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 265, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ming Liu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-M.L.); (C.-C.Y.)
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-M.L.); (C.-C.Y.)
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Oral Submucous Fibrosis: Etiological Mechanism, Malignant Transformation, Therapeutic Approaches and Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054992. [PMID: 36902423 PMCID: PMC10003551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, progressive and potentially malignant oral disorder with a high regional incidence and malignant rate. With the development of the disease, the normal oral function and social life of patients are seriously affected. This review mainly introduces the various pathogenic factors and mechanisms of OSF, the mechanism of malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and the existing treatment methods and new therapeutic targets and drugs. This paper summarizes the key molecules in the pathogenic and malignant mechanism of OSF, the miRNAs and lncRNAs with abnormal changes, and the natural compounds with therapeutic effects, which provides new molecular targets and further research directions for the prevention and treatment of OSF.
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Ren S, Yang Y, Xia M, Deng Y, Zuo Y, Lei L, Hu T. A Chinese herb preparation, honokiol, inhibits Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 147:105610. [PMID: 36603516 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the antibiofilm and anticariogenic effects of honokiol, a traditional Chinese medicine, on the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). DESIGN The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of honokiol on S. mutans UA159 were measured. Then, S. mutans were treated with honokiol at concentrations of 1/2 MIC and 1/4 MIC. Extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) synthesis was assessed with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and the anthrone-sulfuric method. Crystal violet staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to demonstrate the characteristics and morphology of S. mutans biofilms. Colony-forming unit (CFU) assay was performed to observe the antibacterial effect of honokiol. Lactic acid production of 24-h biofilms was measured by the lactic acid assay. The expression level of caries-related genes (gtfB/C/D, comD/E and ldh) was identified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRTPCR) to explore the relevant mechanism. And the cytotoxic effect on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) was evaluated by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. RESULTS The MIC and MBC of honokiol on S. mutans were 30 μg/mL and 60 μg/mL, respectively. Honokiol inhibited biofilm formation, EPS synthesis and lactic acid production. It also decreased the expression of glucosyltransferases (Gtfs) and quorum sensing (QS) system encoding genes. Moreover, honokiol showed favorable biocompatibility with HGFs. CONCLUSIONS Honokiol has an inhibitory effect on S. mutans and favorable biocompatibility, with application potential as a novel anticaries agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirui Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengying Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yalan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuling Zuo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Ho DCY, Chen SH, Fang CY, Hsieh CW, Hsieh PL, Liao YW, Yu CC, Tsai LL. Paeonol inhibits profibrotic signaling and HOTAIR expression in fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 121:930-935. [PMID: 34696937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Betel nut chewing is the major risk factor of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). Various studies have sought to discover alternative strategies to alleviate oral fibrogenesis. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-fibrosis effect of paeonol, a phenolic component derived from Paeonia Suffruticosa. METHODS The cytotoxicity of paeonol was tested using normal and fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts (fBMFs) derived from OSF tissues. Collagen gel contraction, Transwell migration, invasion, and wound healing capacities were examined. Besides, the activation of TGF-β/Smad2 signaling and expression levels of type I collagen, α-SMA, and long non-coding RNA HOTAIR were measured as well. RESULTS Paeonol exerted a higher cytotoxic effect on fBMFs compared to normal BMFs. The arecoline-induced myofibroblast activities, including collagen gel contractility, cell motility, and wound healing ability were all suppressed by paeonol treatment. In addition, the activation of the TGF-β/Smad2 pathway was inhibited along with a lower expression of α-SMA and type I collagen in paeonol-treated cells. Also, the administration of paeonol decreased the mRNA expression of HOTAIR in fBMFs. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that paeonol may be a promising compound to attenuate the progression of oral fibrogenesis in OSF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Chun-Yu Ho
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Han Chen
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Fang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Lo-Lin Tsai
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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