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Lundberg AP, Tran Hoang C, Billhymer A, Selting KA. Combining radiation therapy with zoledronate for the treatment of osteo-invasive feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:788-796. [PMID: 35561080 PMCID: PMC9796441 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is the most common oral tumour diagnosed in pet cats and carries a poor prognosis with <10% one-year survival despite multi-modal therapies. Tumours of the mandible or maxilla are frequently osteo-invasive and pain can result from osteolysis. Zoledronate is a bisphosphonate that inhibits osteoclasts and reduces bone resorption. Radiation therapy (RT) is used to treat FOSCC due to anti-cancer activity and ability to improve quality of life. We hypothesized RT can be safely combined with zoledronate, and that this combinatory therapy would be efficacious, well tolerated, and result in decreased bone resorption in cats with FOSCC. SCCF1 cell line was treated with zoledronate before, concurrently, or after RT, and clonogenic assays were performed to determine if an optimal dosing schedule would be identified. Nine cats with osteoinvasive FOSCC were recruited for treatment with 4 weekly doses of 8 Gy RT combined with zoledronate administered at the first and fourth treatments. Serial CT scans were performed to assess tumour response. Safety and tolerability were monitored with hematologic and biochemical parameters, and acute radiation effects were characterized. Serum c-telopeptide (CTx) and relative bone mineral density (rBMD) by dual -energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) quantified bone resorption. In vitro studies showed no clear benefit to timing of zoledronate with RT, therefore all zoledronate was administered concurrently with RT in FOSCC patients. Based on tumour volume, 4/9 (44.4%) cats achieved partial remission, 4/9 (44.4%) stable disease and 1/9 (11.1%) had progressive disease. The combinatory therapy was well-tolerated based on biochemical measurements, and all patients experienced decreased serum CTx. Combining RT with zoledronate in tumour-bearing cats is safe, well-tolerated, results in a partial remission rate of up to 44%, and decreases serum CTx, a marker of bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alycen P. Lundberg
- Veterinary Clinical MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Christine Tran Hoang
- Veterinary Clinical MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA,Veterinary Health Center‐WentzvilleUniversity of Missouri‐ColumbiaWentzvilleMissouriUSA
| | - Audrey Billhymer
- Veterinary Clinical MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Kim A. Selting
- Veterinary Clinical MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
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Lundberg AP, Boudreau MW, Selting KA, Chatkewitz LE, Samuelson J, Francis JM, Parkinson EI, Barger AM, Hergenrother PJ, Fan TM. Utilizing feline oral squamous cell carcinoma patients to develop NQO1-targeted therapy. Neoplasia 2021; 23:811-822. [PMID: 34246985 PMCID: PMC8274297 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing effective therapies for the treatment of advanced head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a major challenge, and there is a limited landscape of effective targeted therapies on the horizon. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is a 2-electron reductase that is overexpressed in HNSCC and presents as a promising target for the treatment of HNSCC. Current NQO1-targeted drugs are hindered by their poor oxidative tolerability in human patients, underscoring a need for better preclinical screening for oxidative toxicities for NQO1-bioactivated small molecules. Herein, we describe our work to include felines and feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) patients in the preclinical assessment process to prioritize lead compounds with increased tolerability and efficacy prior to full human translation. Specifically, our data demonstrate that IB-DNQ, an NQO1-targeted small molecule, is well-tolerated in FOSCC patients and shows promising initial efficacy against FOSCC tumors in proof-of-concept single agent and radiotherapy combination cohorts. Furthermore, FOSCC tumors are amenable to evaluating a variety of target-inducible couplet hypotheses, evidenced herein with modulation of NQO1 levels with palliative radiotherapy. The use of felines and their naturally-occurring tumors provide an intriguing, often underutilized tool for preclinical drug development for NQO1-targeted approaches and has broader applications for the evaluation of other anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alycen P Lundberg
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Matthew W Boudreau
- Carle R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kim A Selting
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lindsay E Chatkewitz
- Carle R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan Samuelson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Joshua M Francis
- Carle R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth I Parkinson
- Carle R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Anne M Barger
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Paul J Hergenrother
- Carle R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Timothy M Fan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Carle R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Boston SE, van Stee LL, Bacon NJ, Szentimrey D, Kirby BM, van Nimwegen S, Wavreille VA. Outcomes of eight cats with oral neoplasia treated with radical mandibulectomy. Vet Surg 2019; 49:222-232. [PMID: 31738456 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report outcomes after radical mandibulectomy in cats. STUDY DESIGN Multi-institutional retrospective study. ANIMALS Eight cats were included. METHODS Medical records were searched for cats with confirmed oral neoplasia treated with radical mandibulectomy. Data collected included demographics, surgical procedure, histopathological diagnosis, postoperative management, and outcomes. RESULTS Ages ranged from 8 to 17 years. All cats had 75% to 90% of the mandible removed and feeding tubes placed. Seven cats had squamous cell carcinoma, and one cat had a giant cell tumor. Six cats ate on their own postoperatively. Three cats had local recurrence and tumor-related died at 136 and 291 days. Six cats had no recurrence, with survival times of 156, 465, 608, and 1023 days, and two cats were still alive at 316 and 461 days after surgery. The three long-term survivors died of causes unrelated to oral neoplasia. One cat died at 156 days due to aspiration of food material. The overall estimated mean survival time was 712 days. CONCLUSION After radical mandibulectomy, independent food intake was achieved in 6 of eight cats, and four cats lived longer than one year. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Radical mandibulectomy should be considered for the treatment of extensive oral neoplasia in cats. Successful long-term outcomes are possible with aggressive supportive care perioperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Boston
- Surgical Oncology, VCA Canada, 404 Veterinary Emergency and Referral, Newmarket, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Nicholas J Bacon
- Oncologic & Soft Tissue Surgery, Fitzpatrick Referrals, Guidlford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - David Szentimrey
- VCA Canada, Western Veterinary Specialist Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Barbara M Kirby
- Small Animal Surgery, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Vincent A Wavreille
- Departmentof Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Abstract
A 23-yr-old female spayed bobcat (Lynx rufus) presented with a 1-wk history of hypersalivation. On examination, the right mandible was markedly thickened, the right mandibular dental arcade was missing, and the oral mucosa over the right mandible was ulcerated and thickened. Skull radiographs and fine needle aspirate cytology were supportive of squamous cell carcinoma. The bobcat was euthanized as a result of its poor prognosis. Necropsy confirmed a diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma of the mandible. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of oral squamous cell carcinoma in a bobcat.
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Murphy S. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the cat: current understanding and treatment approaches. J Feline Med Surg 2013; 15:401-7. [PMID: 23603503 PMCID: PMC10816592 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x13483238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
PRACTICAL RELEVANCE Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a tumour that commonly involves the skin or oral cavity and is, therefore, an important differential diagnosis for any cutaneous lesion(s), especially any non-healing scabbing lesions on the eyelids, nasal planum or ears of light-coloured cats. CLINICAL CHALLENGES Superficial lesions of the nasal planum, discrete small eyelid lesions and lesions on the tips of pinnae are relatively easily treated, but higher stage lesions are more challenging to manage and may compromise the cosmetic appearance of the cat. AUDIENCE This review article is aimed at all veterinary practitioners that see cats. EVIDENCE BASE The review summarises the peer-reviewed literature relating to our understanding of feline cutaneous SCC. Unfortunately, the literature is limited and in need of updating in areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Murphy
- Head of Oncology, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK.
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