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Model representation of flow patterns in the displacement of non-Newtonian products from spiral-wound membranes. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kieferle I, Kulozik U. Importance of process conditions in the displacement of protein concentrates from spiral-wound membrane modules. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Schiffer S, Kulozik U. Effect of Temperature-Dependent Bacterial Growth during Milk Protein Fractionation by Means of 0.1 µM Microfiltration on the Length of Possible Production Cycle Times. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E326. [PMID: 33147828 PMCID: PMC7692669 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10110326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the maximum possible filtration time per filtration cycle and the cumulated number of operational hours per year as a function of the processing temperature during milk protein fractionation by 0.1 µm microfiltration (MF) of pasteurized skim milk. The main stopping criteria were the microbial count (max. 105 cfu/mL) and the slope of the pH change as a function of filtration time. A membrane system in a feed and bleed configuration with partial recirculation of the retentate was installed, resembling an industrial plants' operational mode. Filtration temperatures of 10, 14, 16, 20, and 55 °C were investigated to determine the flux, pH, and bacterial count. While the processing time was limited to 420 min at a 55 °C filtration temperature, it could exceed 1440 min at 10 °C. These data can help to minimize the use of cleaning agents or mixing phase losses by reducing the frequency of cleaning cycles, thus maximizing the active production time and reducing the environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Schiffer
- Chair of Food and Bioprocess Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany;
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Deng F, Olvera-Vargas H, Garcia-Rodriguez O, Qiu S, Ma F, Chen Z, Lefebvre O. Unconventional electro-Fenton process operating at a wide pH range with Ni foam cathode and tripolyphosphate electrolyte. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 396:122641. [PMID: 32339874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose an unconventional electro-Fenton (EF) system with a nickel-foam (Ni-F) cathode and tripolyphosphate (3-PP) electrolyte at near-neutral pH (EF/Ni-F-3-PP) to overcome pH restrictions in EF while preventing Ni-F corrosion. Response surface modelling was used to optimize the main operating parameters with a model prediction analysis (R2 = 0.99): pH = 5.8, Fe2+ = 3.0 mM and applied current = 349.6 mA. Among the three variables, the pH exerted the highest influence on the process. Under optimal conditions, 100 % of phenol removal was achieved in 25 min with a pseudo-first-order apparent rate constant (kapp) of 0.2 min-1, 3.2-fold higher than the kapp of EF/Ni-F with SO42- electrolyte at pH 3. A mineralization yield of 81.5 % was attained after 2 h; furthermore, it was found that 3-PP enhanced H2O2 accumulation by preventing bulk H2O2 decomposition. Finally, toxicity evaluation revealed the formation of toxic by-products at the early stages of treatment, which were totally depleted after 2 h, demonstrating the detoxifying capacity of the system. In conclusion, this study shows for the first time the potential of Ni-F as a cathode for EF under near-neutral conditions, rendered possible by the 3PP electrolyte. Under these conditions, the Ni-F corrosion issue could be alleviated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Deng
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Dr. 2, Singapore, 117576, Singapore; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources Centre, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Hugo Olvera-Vargas
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Dr. 2, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Orlando Garcia-Rodriguez
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Dr. 2, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Shan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources Centre, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources Centre, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Zhonglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources Centre, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Olivier Lefebvre
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Dr. 2, Singapore, 117576, Singapore.
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