1
|
Martinez-Velasco JD, Filomena-Ambrosio A, Garzón-Castro CL. Technological tools for the measurement of sensory characteristics in food: A review. F1000Res 2024; 12:340. [PMID: 38322308 PMCID: PMC10844804 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.131914.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of technological tools, in the food industry, has allowed a quick and reliable identification and measurement of the sensory characteristics of food matrices is of great importance, since they emulate the functioning of the five senses (smell, taste, sight, touch, and hearing). Therefore, industry and academia have been conducting research focused on developing and using these instruments which is evidenced in various studies that have been reported in the scientific literature. In this review, several of these technological tools are documented, such as the e-nose, e-tongue, colorimeter, artificial vision systems, and instruments that allow texture measurement (texture analyzer, electromyography, others). These allow us to carry out processes of analysis, review, and evaluation of food to determine essential characteristics such as quality, composition, maturity, authenticity, and origin. The determination of these characteristics allows the standardization of food matrices, achieving the improvement of existing foods and encouraging the development of new products that satisfy the sensory experiences of the consumer, driving growth in the food sector. However, the tools discussed have some limitations such as acquisition cost, calibration and maintenance cost, and in some cases, they are designed to work with a specific food matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José D Martinez-Velasco
- Engineering Faculty - Research Group CAPSAB, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus del Puente del Común, Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chia, Cundinamarca, 250001, Colombia
| | - Annamaria Filomena-Ambrosio
- International School of Economics and Administrative Science - Research Group Alimentación, Gestión de Procesos y Servicio de la Universidad de La Sabana Research Group, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus del Puente del Común, Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chía, Cundinamarca, 250001, Colombia
| | - Claudia L Garzón-Castro
- Engineering Faculty - Research Group CAPSAB, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus del Puente del Común, Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogotá, Chia, Cundinamarca, 250001, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Duc NT, Ramlal A, Rajendran A, Raju D, Lal SK, Kumar S, Sahoo RN, Chinnusamy V. Image-based phenotyping of seed architectural traits and prediction of seed weight using machine learning models in soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1206357. [PMID: 37771485 PMCID: PMC10523016 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1206357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Among seed attributes, weight is one of the main factors determining the soybean harvest index. Recently, the focus of soybean breeding has shifted to improving seed size and weight for crop optimization in terms of seed and oil yield. With recent technological advancements, there is an increasing application of imaging sensors that provide simple, real-time, non-destructive, and inexpensive image data for rapid image-based prediction of seed traits in plant breeding programs. The present work is related to digital image analysis of seed traits for the prediction of hundred-seed weight (HSW) in soybean. The image-based seed architectural traits (i-traits) measured were area size (AS), perimeter length (PL), length (L), width (W), length-to-width ratio (LWR), intersection of length and width (IS), seed circularity (CS), and distance between IS and CG (DS). The phenotypic investigation revealed significant genetic variability among 164 soybean genotypes for both i-traits and manually measured seed weight. Seven popular machine learning (ML) algorithms, namely Simple Linear Regression (SLR), Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Regression (SVR), LASSO Regression (LR), Ridge Regression (RR), and Elastic Net Regression (EN), were used to create models that can predict the weight of soybean seeds based on the image-based novel features derived from the Red-Green-Blue (RGB)/visual image. Among the models, random forest and multiple linear regression models that use multiple explanatory variables related to seed size traits (AS, L, W, and DS) were identified as the best models for predicting seed weight with the highest prediction accuracy (coefficient of determination, R2=0.98 and 0.94, respectively) and the lowest prediction error, i.e., root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). Finally, principal components analysis (PCA) and a hierarchical clustering approach were used to identify IC538070 as a superior genotype with a larger seed size and weight. The identified donors/traits can potentially be used in soybean improvement programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Trung Duc
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India
- Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ayyagari Ramlal
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ambika Rajendran
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Dhandapani Raju
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - S. K. Lal
- Division of Genetics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Rabi Narayan Sahoo
- Division of Agricultural Physics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India
| | - Viswanathan Chinnusamy
- Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dalai R, Senapati KK, Dalai N. Modified U-Net based 3D reconstruction model to estimate volume from multi-view images of a solid object. THE IMAGING SCIENCE JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/13682199.2023.2177583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Radhamadhab Dalai
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, BIT Mesra, Ranchi, India
| | | | - Nibedita Dalai
- Department of Civil Engineering, PMEC College, Berhampur, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Prabhu A, Shobha Rani N, Basavaraju H. An orientation independent vision based weight estimation model for Alphonso mangoes. JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS 2023. [DOI: 10.3233/jifs-223510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the most essential factors in classifying and qualitatively evaluating mangoes for various industrial uses is weight. To meet grading requirements during industrial processing, this paper presents an orientation-independent weight estimation method for the mango cultivar “Alphonso.” In this study, size and geometry are considered as key variables in estimating weight. Based on the visual fruit geometry, generalized hand-crafted local and global features, and conventional features are calculated and subjected to the proposed feature selection methodology for optimal feature identification. The optimal features are employed in regression analysis to estimate the predicted weight. Four regression models –MLR, Linear SVR, RBF SVR, and polynomial SVR—are used during the experimental trials. A self-collected mango database with two orientations per sample is obtained using a CCD camera. Three different weight estimation techniques are used in the analysis concerning orientation 1, orientation 2, and combining both orientations. The SVR RBF kernel yields a higher correlation between predicted and actual weights, and experiments demonstrate that orientation 1 is symmetric to orientation 2. By exhibiting a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.99 with SVR-RBF for weight estimation using both orientations as well as individual orientations, it is observed that the correlation between predicted and estimated weights is nearly identical
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshatha Prabhu
- Department of Computer Science, Amrita School of Computing, Mysuru Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
| | - N. Shobha Rani
- Department of Computer Science, Amrita School of Computing, Mysuru Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, India
| | - H.T. Basavaraju
- Department of Computer Science, Yuvaraja college, Mysuru, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu X, Meng Y, Zhang J, Wei J, Zhai X. Amodal segmentation of cane sugar crystal via deep neural networks. J FOOD ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2023.111435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
6
|
An improved faster R-CNN model for multi-object tomato maturity detection in complex scenarios. ECOL INFORM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
7
|
YOLOX-Dense-CT: a detection algorithm for cherry tomatoes based on YOLOX and DenseNet. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
8
|
Chacon WDC, dos Santos Alves MJ, Monteiro AR, González SYG, Ayala Valencia G. Image analysis applied to control postharvest maturity of papayas (
Carica papaya
L.). J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Germán Ayala Valencia
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang B, Cao B, Ma H. A Real-time Object Volume Measurement Method Based on Line Laser Scanning. 2022 41ST CHINESE CONTROL CONFERENCE (CCC) 2022. [DOI: 10.23919/ccc55666.2022.9902574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Technology,School of Automation,Beijing,100081
| | - Bin Cao
- Beijing Institute of Technology,School of Automation,Beijing,100081
| | - Hongbin Ma
- Beijing Institute of Technology,School of Automation,Beijing,100081
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Siswantoro J, Asmawati E, Siswantoro MZ. A rapid and accurate computer vision system for measuring the volume of axi-symmetric natural products based on cubic spline interpolation. J FOOD ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2022.111139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
11
|
Nyalala I, Okinda C, Makange N, Korohou T, Chao Q, Nyalala L, Jiayu Z, Yi Z, Yousaf K, Chao L, Kunjie C. On-line weight estimation of broiler carcass and cuts by a computer vision system. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101474. [PMID: 34742122 PMCID: PMC8577095 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In a broiler carcass production conveyor system, inspection, monitoring, and grading carcass and cuts based on computer vision techniques are challenging due to cuts segmentation and ambient light conditions issues. This study presents a depth image-based broiler carcass weight prediction system. An Active Shape Model was developed to segment the carcass into 4 cuts (drumsticks, breasts, wings, and head and neck). Five regression models were developed based on the image features for each weight estimation (carcass and its cuts). The Bayesian-ANN model outperformed all other regression models at 0.9981 R2 and 0.9847 R2 in the whole carcass and head and neck weight estimation. The RBF-SVR model surpassed all the other drumstick, breast, and wings weight prediction models at 0.9129 R2, 0.9352 R2, and 0.9896 R2, respectively. This proposed technique can be applied as a nondestructive, nonintrusive, and accurate on-line broiler carcass production system in the automation of chicken carcass and cuts weight estimation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Innocent Nyalala
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210031, PR China
| | - Cedric Okinda
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210031, PR China
| | - Nelson Makange
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210031, PR China
| | - Tchalla Korohou
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210031, PR China
| | - Qi Chao
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210031, PR China
| | - Luke Nyalala
- Department of Computer Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-7501, USA
| | - Zhang Jiayu
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210031, PR China
| | - Zuo Yi
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210031, PR China
| | - Khurram Yousaf
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210031, PR China
| | - Liu Chao
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210031, PR China
| | - Chen Kunjie
- College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210031, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nyalala I, Okinda C, Chao Q, Mecha P, Korohou T, Yi Z, Nyalala S, Jiayu Z, Chao L, Kunjie C. Weight and volume estimation of single and occluded tomatoes using machine vision. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2021.1933024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Innocent Nyalala
- Department of Agricultural Machinery, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Cedric Okinda
- Department of Agricultural Machinery, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Qi Chao
- Department of Agricultural Machinery, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Peter Mecha
- Department of Agricultural Machinery, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Tchalla Korohou
- Department of Agricultural Machinery, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zuo Yi
- Department of Agricultural Machinery, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Samuel Nyalala
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Crops, Horticulture and Soil Sciences, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya
| | - Zhang Jiayu
- Department of Agricultural Machinery, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Liu Chao
- Department of Agricultural Machinery, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Chen Kunjie
- Department of Agricultural Machinery, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Poonnoy P, Asavasanti S. Implementation of coupled pattern recognition and regression artificial neural networks for mass estimation of headless‐shell‐on shrimp with random postures. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poonpat Poonnoy
- Faculty of Engineering and Agro‐Industry Maejo University Chiangmai Thailand
| | - Suvaluk Asavasanti
- Food Technology and Engineering Laboratory Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Örnek MN, Kahramanlı Örnek H. Developing a deep neural network model for predicting carrots volume. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00923-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
15
|
Weight and volume estimation of poultry and products based on computer vision systems: a review. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101072. [PMID: 33752071 PMCID: PMC8010860 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The appearance, size, and weight of poultry meat and eggs are essential for production economics and vital in the poultry sector. These external characteristics influence their market price and consumers' preference and choice. With technological developments, there is an increase in the application and importance of vision systems in the agricultural sector. Computer vision has become a promising tool in the real-time automation of poultry weighing and processing systems. Owing to its noninvasive and nonintrusive nature and its capacity to present a wide range of information, computer vision systems can be applied in the size, mass, volume determination, and sorting and grading of poultry products. This review article gives a detailed summary of the current advances in measuring poultry products' external characteristics based on computer vision systems. An overview of computer vision systems is discussed and summarized. A comprehensive presentation of the application of computer vision-based systems for assessing poultry meat and eggs was provided, that is, weight and volume estimation, sorting, and classification. Finally, the challenges and potential future trends in size, weight, and volume estimation of poultry products are reported.
Collapse
|
16
|
Development of a portable electronic nose based on a hybrid filter-wrapper method for identifying the Chinese dry-cured ham of different grades. J FOOD ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2020.110250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
17
|
Artificial Intelligence Approach for Tomato Detection and Mass Estimation in Precision Agriculture. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12219138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Application of computer vision and robotics in agriculture requires sufficient knowledge and understanding of the physical properties of the object of interest. Yield monitoring is an example where these properties affect the quantified estimation of yield mass. In this study, we propose an image-processing and artificial intelligence-based system using multi-class detection with instance-wise segmentation of fruits in an image that can further estimate dimensions and mass. We analyze a tomato image dataset with mass and dimension values collected using a calibrated vision system and accurate measuring devices. After successful detection and instance-wise segmentation, we extract the real-world dimensions of the fruit. Our characterization results exhibited a significantly high correlation between dimensions and mass, indicating that artificial intelligence algorithms can effectively capture this complex physical relation to estimate the final mass. We also compare different artificial intelligence algorithms to show that the computed mass agrees well with the actual mass. Detection and segmentation results show an average mask intersection over union of 96.05%, mean average precision of 92.28%, detection accuracy of 99.02%, and precision of 99.7%. The mean absolute percentage error for mass estimation was 7.09 for 77 test samples using a bagged ensemble tree regressor. This approach could be applied to other computer vision and robotic applications such as sizing and packaging systems and automated harvesting or to other measuring instruments.
Collapse
|
18
|
Okinda C, Sun Y, Nyalala I, Korohou T, Opiyo S, Wang J, Shen M. Egg volume estimation based on image processing and computer vision. J FOOD ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2020.110041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
19
|
|
20
|
Non-Destructive Identification and Estimation of Granulation in Honey Pomelo Using Visible and Near-Infrared Transmittance Spectroscopy Combined with Machine Vision Technology. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10165399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Granulation is a physiological disorder of juice sacs in citrus fruit, causing juice sacs to become hard and dry and resulting in decreased internal quality of citrus fruit. Honey pomelo is a thick-skinned citrus fruit, and it is difficult to identify the extent of granulation by observation of the outer peel and fruit shape. In this study, a rapid and non-destructive testing method using visible and near-infrared transmittance spectroscopy combined with machine vision technology was applied to identify and estimate granulation inside fruit. A total of 600 samples in different growth periods was harvested, and fruit were divided into five classes according to five granulation levels. Spectral data were obtained for two ranges of 400–1100 nm and 900–1700 nm by visible and near-infrared transmittance spectroscopy. In addition, chemometrics were used to measure the chemical changes of soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), and moisture content (MC) caused by different granulation levels. Machine vision technology can rapidly estimate the external characteristics of samples and measure the physical changes in mass and volume caused by different granulation levels. Compared with using a single or traditional methods, the predictive performances of multi-category classification models (PCA-SVM and PCA-GRNN) were significantly enhanced. In particular, the model accuracy rate (ARM) was 99% for PCA-GRNN, with classification accuracy (CA), classification sensitivity (CS), and classification specificity (CSP) of 0.9950, 0.9750, and 0.9934, respectively. The results showed that this method has great potential for the identification and estimation of granulation. Multi-source data fusion and application of a multi-category classification model with the smallest number of input layers and acceptable high predictive performances are proposed for on-line applications. This method can be effectively used on-line for the non-destructive detection of fruits with granulation.
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang A, Sheng R, Li H, Agyekum AA, Hassan MM, Chen Q. Development of near‐infrared online grading device for long jujube. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ancheng Wang
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Ren Sheng
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | | | - Md Mehedi Hassan
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Quansheng Chen
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| |
Collapse
|