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Abdeta A, Beyene D, Negeri AA. Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus Species at the Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Ethiopia: A Five-Year Retrospective Analysis. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:6155-6166. [PMID: 37724092 PMCID: PMC10505397 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s429687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus species isolated from clinical specimens over a period of five years, including resistance to methicillin and vancomycin. Patients and Methods Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing reports from 2017 to 2021 at the Ethiopian Public Health Institute were used for this retrospective study. The organisms were identified using either BD Phoenix M50, Vitek 2 compact, or conventional biochemical methods, whichever was available at the time of testing. The antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the isolates were determined using either Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion, BD phoenix M50, or Vitek 2 compact. WHONET software was used to analyze the antimicrobial resistance patterns of both organisms. The p-values of ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results During the study period, a total of 315 Staphylococcus aureus and 92 Enterococcus species were isolated. Out of 315 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 27% and 5.1% were methicillin and vancomycin resistant, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus showed very high resistance to Penicillin G (86.7%). Out of 92 Enterococcus species recovered, 8.7% were vancomycin-resistant. Enterococcus species showed very high resistance to Penicillin G (71.4%) and tetracyclines (83.3%). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus shows 100% resistance to penicillin followed by ciprofloxacin (50%), erythromycin (45.6%), and tetracycline (44.2%) and lower resistance to vancomycin (18.8%). All vancomycin-resistant isolates of both organisms were fully resistant (100%) to all antibiotics tested, except for linezolid and daptomycin, to which they were susceptible. Conclusion This study found a high prevalence of methicillin and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus species between 2017 and 2021. However, there were no statistically significant changes in the prevalence of these organisms during the study period. This suggests that larger and more representative nationwide data is needed to show trends of these pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abera Abdeta
- National Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology Reference Laboratory, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Degefu Beyene
- National Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology Reference Laboratory, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abebe Aseffa Negeri
- National Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology Reference Laboratory, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Azzam A, Elkafas H, Khaled H, Ashraf A, Yousef M, Elkashef AA. Prevalence of Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in Egypt (2010-2022): a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2023; 98:8. [PMID: 37037955 PMCID: PMC10086090 DOI: 10.1186/s42506-023-00133-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) represent a critical medical and public health concerns due to their association with serious nosocomial infections and a high risk of mortality. We aimed to reveal the pooled prevalence of VRE and antimicrobial resistance profiles among enterococci clinical isolates in Egypt. METHODS A PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science literature search was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Only published studies documenting the prevalence of VRE between 2010 and 2022 were included. Using the random effects model and the 95% confidence intervals, the pooled estimate of VRE was calculated by MedCalc Version 20.113. Cochran's Q and I2 tests were used to evaluate the degree of heterogeneity, and publication bias was examined by visually examining the funnel plot and its associated tests (Begg's and Egger's tests). RESULTS The pooled prevalence of VRE among enterococci clinical isolates in Egypt was estimated to be 26% (95% CI 16.9 to 36.3). E. faecalis had a greater pooled prevalence than E. faecium, with 61.22% (95% CI 53.65 to 68.53) and 32.47% (95% CI 27 to 38.2), respectively. The VanA gene is more frequent than the VanB gene among VRE, with a pooled prevalence of 63.3% (95% CI 52.1 to 73.7) and 17.95% (95% CI 7.8 to 31), respectively. The pooled resistance rate of linezolid was substantially lower than that of ampicillin and high-level gentamicin (HLG) 5.54% (95% CI 2.33 to 10%), 65.7% (95% CI 50.8 to 79.2%), and 61.1% (95% CI 47.4 to 73.9), respectively. CONCLUSION The prevalence of VRE is alarmingly high in Egypt. It is imperative that antimicrobial stewardship activities and infection control programs are strictly adhered to and implemented to prevent further escalation of the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Azzam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hoda Elkafas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority, Formerly National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, 35521, Egypt
| | - Heba Khaled
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ashraf
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Aya Awny Elkashef
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Arish University, North Sinai, Egypt
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3
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Tran KQ, Nguyen TTD, Pham VH, Pham QM, Tran HD. Pathogenic Role and Antibiotic Resistance of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Strains Causing Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Vietnamese Children. Adv Respir Med 2023; 91:135-145. [PMID: 37102779 PMCID: PMC10135923 DOI: 10.3390/arm91020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the pathogenic role and antibiotic resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains causing severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) have received increasing attention in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of isolates of MRSA strains causing severe CAP in children and to assess their level of antibiotic resistance. The study design was cross-sectional. Children with severe CAP were sampled by nasopharyngeal aspiration for the culture, isolation, and identification of MRSA. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the gradient diffusion method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics. Results: MRSA was identified as the second leading cause of severe CAP in Vietnamese children. The rate of isolates of S. aureus was 41/239 (17.5%), of which most were MRSA, at 32/41 (78.0%). MRSA strains were completely non-susceptible to penicillin (100%), more resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin, less sensitive to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, and fully susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid, with a 32-fold decreased MIC90 for vancomycin (0.5 mg/L) and a 2-fold decreased MIC90 for linezolid (4 mg/L). Therefore, vancomycin and linezolid may be appropriate options for severe CAP identified by MRSA.
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Yao Z, Wu Y, Xu H, Lei Y, Long W, Li M, Gu Y, Jiang Z, Cao C. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections among dermatology inpatients: A 7-year retrospective study at a tertiary care center in southwest China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1124930. [PMID: 36998271 PMCID: PMC10043400 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1124930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundIncreased rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) antibiotic resistance and the associated morbidity have increased dermatologists' attention to skin and soft tissue MRSA infections. However, the clinical characterization of MRSA skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in Southwest China is lacking, which precludes optimal prevention and treatment of these infections.ObjectivesThis study was conducted to characterize the prevalence, clinical comorbidities and antibiotic susceptibility of MRSA isolates from SSTIs, including community-associated (CA) and healthcare-associated (HA) isolates.MethodsIn the Dermatology Inpatient Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, a retrospective study was conducted on data, including patient demographics and clinical information, from culture-confirmed S. aureus isolated from skin and soft tissue between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2021. Isolate susceptibility to 13 antibiotics was determined using the Vitek 2 system.ResultsFrom among 864 S. aureus strains, we identified 283 MRSA (32.75%) isolates comprising 203 CA-MRSA and 80 HA-MRSA isolates. The average rate of CA-MRSA isolation for MRSA SSTIs was 71.73%. The HA-MRSA isolation rate for MRSA SSTIs increased significantly. HA-MRSA-infected patients were older. The most common dermatological presentation of CA-MRSA infection was staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, while the comorbidity severe drug eruption was significantly associated with HA-MRSA infection. One CA-MRSA strain was resistant to linezolid, and one HA-MRSA strain had an intermediate phenotype for vancomycin; both strains had low sensitivity to clindamycin and erythromycin (3.70%~19.40%). However, HA-MRSA isolates were more susceptible to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.ConclusionsCA-MRSA is a predominant pathogen causing SSTIs, and HA-MRSA infection incidence is increasing gradually. Both strains showed increasing antibiotic resistance. Our data on MRSA susceptibility may guide dermatologist antibiotic treatment decisions. Dermatologists should consider these identified comorbidities of MRSA SSTIs when patients are admitted and initiate early prevention and treatment of MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Yao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mycosis Prevention and Treatment, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yidan Wu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mycosis Prevention and Treatment, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongming Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Lei
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wanyu Long
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Meixian Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yue Gu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiwen Jiang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mycosis Prevention and Treatment, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Cunwei Cao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mycosis Prevention and Treatment, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Cunwei Cao
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Molecular and Source-Specific Profiling of Hospital Staphylococcus aureus Reveal Dominance of Skin Infection and Age-Specific Selections in Pediatrics and Geriatrics. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010149. [PMID: 36677441 PMCID: PMC9862673 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major human-associated pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. However, the increased human dynamics and the changing epidemiology of the species have made it imperative to understand the population structure of local ecotypes, their transmission dynamics, and the emergence of new strains. Since the previous methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) pandemic, there has been a steady increase in global healthcare-associated infections involving cutaneous and soft tissue and resulting in high morbidities and mortalities. Limited data and paucity of high-quality evidence exist for many key clinical questions about the pattern of S. aureus infections. Using clinical, molecular, and epidemiological characterizations of isolates, hospital data on age and infection sites, as well as antibiograms, we have investigated profiles of circulating S. aureus types and infection patterns. We showed that age-specific profiling in both intensive care unit (ICU) and non-ICU revealed highest infection rates (94.7%) in senior-patients > 50 years; most of which were MRSA (81.99%). However, specific distributions of geriatric MRSA and MSSA rates were 46.5% and 4.6% in ICU and 35.48% and 8.065% in non-ICU, respectively. Intriguingly, the age groups 0−20 years showed uniquely similar MRSA patterns in ICU and non-ICU patients (13.9% and 9.7%, respectively) and MSSA in ICU (11.6%). The similar frequencies of both lineages in youth at both settings is consistent with their increased socializations and gathering strongly implying carriage and potential evolutionary replacement of MSSA by MRSA. However, in age groups 20−50 years, MRSA was two-fold higher in non-ICU (35%) than ICU (18.6%). Interestingly, a highly significant association was found between infection-site and age-groups (p-value 0.000). Skin infections remained higher in all ages; pediatrics 32.14%, adults 56%, and seniors 25% while respiratory infections were lower in pediatrics (14.3%) and adults (17%) while it was highest in seniors (38%). Blood and “other” sites in pediatrics were recorded (28.6%; 25%, respectively), and were slightly lower in adults (18.6%; 8.6%) and seniors (14%; 22.8%), respectively. Furthermore, a significant association existed between infection-site and MRSA (Chi-Square Test, p-value 0.002). Thus, the common cutaneous infections across all age-groups imply that skin is a significant reservoir for endogenous infections; particularly, for geriatrics MRSA. These findings have important clinical implications and in understanding S. aureus profiles and transmission dynamics across different age groups that is necessary for strategic planning in patient management and infection control.
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Ali AM, Abdallah MM. Study of Phenotypic and Genotypic Factors of Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Local Isolates. AL-MUSTANSIRIYAH JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.23851/mjs.v33i4.1166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from patients with various infections in hospitals, the isolates were identified and accurately diagnosed by phenotypic examination and biochemical tests, as well Vitek-2, and then genetic detection and diagnosis of many of the pathogenic factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and testing for association by antibiotic resistance and production of some toxins by Staphylococcus aureus. After performing analysis of statistical, it was set up that the correlation coefficient of the PCR technique using virulence genes, sensitivity test to antibiotics and other virulence factors were significant at p < 0.05, but was insignificant with the biofilm production.
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Inhibition of the Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus in Egypt Using Silver Nanoparticles. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7380147. [PMID: 35535039 PMCID: PMC9078785 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7380147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that is sometimes resistant to vancomycin. In this study, the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) was studied. 100 isolates of S. aureus were identified based on biochemical and molecular evidence. The antibiotic susceptibility of the studied isolates was tested against 13 antibiotics by the disc diffusion method that showed 24 vancomycin-resistant isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were estimated by the agar dilution method to determine vancomycin intermediate-resistant S. aureus (VISA) and VRSA. The resistance gene cluster (vanA, vanR, vanH, and vanY) was amplified by PCR and then sequenced. Amplification of vanA and vanR genes showed that they are present in 21.4% and 14.3% of VRSA isolates, respectively, whereas none of the studied genes has been detected in VISA strains. A significant antimicrobial effect toward VRSA isolates using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from S. aureus and rosemary leaves was recorded. This study confirmed the existence of VRSA strains in Egypt. Furthermore, the use of silver nanoparticles inhibits these vancomycin-resistant S. aureus strains in vitro.
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8
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Liu Y, Shi Y, Cheng H, Chen J, Wang Z, Meng Q, Tang Y, Yu Z, Zheng J, Shang Y. Lapatinib Acts against Biofilm Formation and the Hemolytic Activity of Staphylococcus aureus. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:9004-9014. [PMID: 35309438 PMCID: PMC8928509 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm formation and hemolytic activity are closely related to the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus infections. Herein, we show that lapatinib (12.5 μM) significantly inhibits biofilm formation and hemolytic activity of both methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates. Using quantitative reverse transcription PCR, we found that the RNA levels of transcriptional regulatory genes (RNAIII, agrA, agrC, saeR, and saeS), biofilm-formation-related genes (atl, cidA, clfA, clfB, and icaA), and virulence-related genes (cap5A, hla, hld, hlg, lukDE, lukpvl-S, staphopain B, alpha-3 PSM, beta PSM, and delta PSM) of S. aureus decreased after 6 h treatment with lapatinib. Wild-type S. aureus isolates were continuously cultured in vitro in the presence of increasing concentrations of lapatinib for about 140 days. Subsequently, S. aureus isolates with reduced susceptibility to lapatinib (the inhibitory effect of lapatinib on the biofilm formation of these S. aureus isolates was significantly weakened) were selected. Mutations in the genomes of S. aureus isolates with reduced susceptibility to lapatinib were detected by whole-genome sequencing. We identified four genes with mutations: three genes with known functions (membrane protein, pyrrolidone-carboxylate peptidase, and sensor histidine kinase LytS, respectively) and one gene with unknown function (hypothetical protein). In conclusion, this study indicates that lapatinib significantly inhibits biofilm formation and the hemolytic activity of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Liu
- Department
of Intensive Care Unit and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union
Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
- Department
of Intensive Care Unit and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People’s Hospital and the
Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Yiyi Shi
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union
Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People’s Hospital and the
sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Hang Cheng
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union
Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People’s Hospital and the
sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Junwen Chen
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union
Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People’s Hospital and the
sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Zhanwen Wang
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union
Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People’s Hospital and the
sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Qingyin Meng
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union
Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People’s Hospital and the
sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union
Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People’s Hospital and the
sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Zhijian Yu
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union
Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People’s Hospital and the
sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Jinxin Zheng
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union
Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People’s Hospital and the
sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Yongpeng Shang
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union
Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
- Department
of Infectious Diseases and the Key Lab of Endogenous Infection, Shenzhen Nanshan People’s Hospital and the
sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518052, China
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Potentiation of β-Lactams against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Using Octyl Gallate, a Food-Grade Antioxidant. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11020266. [PMID: 35203868 PMCID: PMC8868445 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is resistant to a number of antibiotics of clinical importance and is a serious threat to public health. Since bacteria rapidly develop resistance even to newly discovered antibiotics, this study aimed to develop drug potentiators to enhance the antibacterial activity of existing antibiotics for the control of MRSA. Based on our previous studies, screening of antimicrobial synergy was conducted with gallic acid and its derivatives using checkerboard assays. Antimicrobial synergy was confirmed with MRSA isolates from clinical cases. Combinations of penicillin, ampicillin, and cephalothin with octyl gallate (OG), an antioxidant approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), consistently exhibited synergistic bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities against MRSA, rendering MRSA sensitive to β-lactams. The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) and fractional bactericidal concentration (FBC) indices exhibited that the antimicrobial effects of OG were synergistic. The results of a permeability assay showed that OG significantly increased the permeability of the bacterial cell wall. Despite the intrinsic resistance of MRSA to β-lactams, the findings in this study demonstrated that OG enhanced the activity of β-lactams in MRSA and sensitized MRSA to β-lactams, suggesting that OG can be used as a drug potentiator to control MRSA using existing antibiotics.
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Molecular Diagnosis, Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and Disease Patterns of Gram-Positive Pathogens Recovered from Clinical Infections in Major Ha’il Hospitals. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres13010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nosocomial resistance in staphylococci and enterococci is challenging. The aim of this work was to conduct a multipoint study using molecular detections, antimicrobial resistances profiles, patient demographics and disease patterns for objective assessments of Staphilococcus aureus and other Gram-positive pathogens recovered from clinical infections in the Ha’il region. We have surveyed 188 non-duplicate Gram-positives against 22 antimicrobials for molecular-differentiation, resistance, patient demographics, and disease patterns from January–April 2021. According to definitions for acquired resistance, Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent with multidrug resistant (65.4%), where MRSA was 60% (n = 72 out of 121). In age-identified patients, 43% were seniors ≥50 years, 38% 21–49 years, and 19% 0–20 years. In gender-identified patients, 63% were males, and 37% were females. While 25% of specimens were from the ICU, the majority (60%) of specimens were from surgical infection in other wards. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the second (15.4%) species of infection identified with 81% from bloodstream infections at the ICU and other wards. The majority of S. epidermidis patients (69%) were seniors ≥50 years, while other age groups 0–20 and 21–49 each had 14% isolates. Although S. epidermidis was multidrug-resistant, it was susceptible to many drugs. Enterococcus faecalis (13%) ranked third with two major infections; bloodstream (64%) and urinary-tract infections (36%) in mainly seniors (86%). Its isolates were fully resistant to oxacillin, penicillin, cefoxitin, and cefotaxime but nearly 100% susceptible to seven others. Other Gram-positive bacteria (6%) were susceptible to many antibiotics. The use of combinations of objective criteria is a well thought out approach in infection control. While the low-frequency of Gram-positives is an impressive achievement, future large-scale investigations should include all private hospitals, clinics and other cities over a longer sampling time to gain more insights. Although geriatric susceptibility can be justified by age and comorbidities, the staphylococcal infections in young adults and children is a global concern and warrants more vertical studies.
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11
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Sun Y, Sun F, Feng W, Wang Q, Liu F, Xia P, Qiu X. Luteolin and Vancomycin Synergistically Resisted Methicillin- Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.164.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Wu Q, Sabokroo N, Wang Y, Hashemian M, Karamollahi S, Kouhsari E. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of vancomycin-resistance Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2021; 10:101. [PMID: 34193295 PMCID: PMC8247230 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-021-00967-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vancomycin‑resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) is a serious public health challenging concern worldwide. OBJECTIVES Therefore, the objective of present study of 62 published studies was to evaluate the prevalence of VRSA based on different years, areas, isolate source, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and the genetic determinants. METHODS We searched the relevant articles that focused on the prevalence rates of VRSA in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science from 2000 to 2019. Statistical analyses were conducted using STATA software (version 14.0). RESULTS The prevalence of VRSA was 2% before 2006, 5% in 2006-2014, and 7% in 2015-2020 that showed a 3.5-fold increase in the frequency of VRSA between before 2006 and 2020 years. The prevalence of VRSA was 5% in Asia, 1% in Europe, 4% in America, 3% in South America, and 16% in Africa. The frequencies of VRSA isolated from clinical, non-clinical, and mixed samples were 6%, 7%, and 14%, respectively. The prevalence of VRSA was 12% using disk diffusion agar method, 7% using MIC-base methods, and 4% using mixed-methods. The prevalence of vanA, vanB, and vanC1 positive were 71%, 26%, and 4% among VRSA strains. The most prevalent genotype was staphylococcal cassette chromosomemec (SCCmec) II, which accounted for 57% of VRSA. The most prevalent staphylococcal protein A (spa) types were t002, t030, and t037. CONCLUSION The prevalence of VRSA has been increasing in recent years particularly in Africa/Asia than Europe/America. The most prevalent of genetic determinants associated with VRSA were vanA and SCCmec II. This study clarifies that the rigorous monitoring of definite antibiotic policy, regular surveillance/control of nosocomial-associated infections and intensive surveillance of vancomycin-resistance are required for preventing emergence and further spreading of VRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxing Wu
- The Medical Lab of Hainan Cancer Hospital, Hainan Province, Haikou, 570312, People's Republic of China
| | - Niloofar Sabokroo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Yujie Wang
- School of International Pharmaceutical Business, China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.
| | - Marzieh Hashemian
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Somayeh Karamollahi
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Kouhsari
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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13
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Li C, Bao W, Zhang H, Lyu Z, Chen Y, Guo Z. Discovery of Brominated Alboflavusins With Anti-MRSA Activities. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:641025. [PMID: 33664724 PMCID: PMC7920986 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.641025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is becoming a serious pathogenic threaten to human health worldwide, there is an urgent need to discover new antibiotics for the treatment of MRSA infections. Alboflavusins (AFNs) are a group of halogenated cyclohexapeptides with anti-MRSA activities. In this study, two novel brominated AFN congeners (compounds 1 and 2) were isolated from the wild-type strain Streptomyces alboflavus sp. 313 that was fermented in the production medium supplemented with NaBr; two new (compounds 3 and 5) and a known (compound 4) dehelogenated AFN congeners were isolated from S. alboflavus ΔafnX, in which the tryptophan halogenase gene afnX was inactivated. The structures of these compounds were assigned by careful NMR and MS analyses. The anti-MRSA activities of varied AFN congeners were assessed against different MRSA strains, which revealed that compounds 1 and 2 with bromine displayed effective activities against the tested MRSA strains. Especially, compound 2 showed good anti-MRSA activity, while compounds 3, 4, and 5 without halogen exhibited weak anti-MRSA activities, outlining the influence of halogen substitution to the bioactivities of AFNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wuyundalai Bao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Haoyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Zhitang Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Mangzira Kemung H, Tan LTH, Chan KG, Ser HL, Law JWF, Lee LH, Goh BH. Streptomyces sp. Strain MUSC 125 from Mangrove Soil in Malaysia with Anti-MRSA, Anti-Biofilm and Antioxidant Activities. Molecules 2020; 25:E3545. [PMID: 32756432 PMCID: PMC7435833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to search for new antibiotics to counter the growing number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, one of which is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Herein, we report a Streptomyces sp. strain MUSC 125 from mangrove soil in Malaysia which was identified using 16S rRNA phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis. The methanolic extract of strain MUSC 125 showed anti-MRSA, anti-biofilm and antioxidant activities. Strain MUSC 125 was further screened for the presence of secondary metabolite biosynthetic genes. Our results indicated that both polyketide synthase (pks) gene clusters, pksI and pksII, were detected in strain MUSC 125 by PCR amplification. In addition, gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) detected the presence of different chemicals in the methanolic extract. Based on the GC-MS analysis, eight known compounds were detected suggesting their contribution towards the anti-MRSA and anti-biofilm activities observed. Overall, the study bolsters the potential of strain MUSC 125 as a promising source of anti-MRSA and antibiofilm compounds and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefa Mangzira Kemung
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group (BMEX), School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (L.T.-H.T.); (H.-L.S.); (J.W.-F.L.)
| | - Loh Teng-Hern Tan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (L.T.-H.T.); (H.-L.S.); (J.W.-F.L.)
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hooi-Leng Ser
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (L.T.-H.T.); (H.-L.S.); (J.W.-F.L.)
| | - Jodi Woan-Fei Law
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (L.T.-H.T.); (H.-L.S.); (J.W.-F.L.)
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; (L.T.-H.T.); (H.-L.S.); (J.W.-F.L.)
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group (BMEX), School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Health and Well-Being Cluster, Global Asia in the 21st Century (GA21) Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
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15
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Shariati A, Dadashi M, Moghadam MT, van Belkum A, Yaslianifard S, Darban-Sarokhalil D. Global prevalence and distribution of vancomycin resistant, vancomycin intermediate and heterogeneously vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12689. [PMID: 32728110 PMCID: PMC7391782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA), Vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) and heterogeneous VISA (hVISA) are subject to vancomycin treatment failure. The aim of the present study was to determine their precise prevalence and investigate prevalence variability depending on different years and locations. Several international databases including Medline (PubMed), Embase and Web of Sciences were searched (data from 1997 to 2019) to identify studies that addressed the prevalence of VRSA, VISA and hVISA among human clinical isolates around the world. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were conducted to indicate potential source of variation. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test. Statistical analyses were conducted using STATA software (version 14.0). Data analysis showed that VRSA, VISA and hVISA isolates were reported in 23, 50 and 82 studies, with an overall prevalence of 1.5% among 5855 S. aureus isolates, 1.7% among 22,277 strains and 4.6% among 47,721 strains, respectively. The overall prevalence of VRSA, VISA, and hVISA before 2010 was 1.2%, 1.2%, and 4%, respectively, while their prevalence after this year has reached 2.4%, 4.3%, and 5.3%. The results of this study showed that the frequency of VRSA, VISA and hVISA after 2010 represent a 2.0, 3.6 and 1.3-fold increase over prior years. In a subgroup analysis of different strain origins, the highest frequency of VRSA (3.6%) and hVISA (5.2%) was encountered in the USA while VISA (2.1%) was more prevalent in Asia. Meta-regression analysis showed significant increasing of VISA prevalence in recent years (p value ≤ 0.05). Based on the results of case reports (which were not included in the calculations mentioned above), the numbers of VRSA, VISA and hVISA isolates were 12, 24 and 14, respectively, among different continents. Since the prevalence of VRSA, VISA and hVISA has been increasing in recent years (especially in the Asian and American continents), rigorous monitoring of vancomycin treatment, it's the therapeutic response and the definition of appropriate control guidelines depending on geographical regions is highly recommended and essential to prevent the further spread of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Dadashi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Non Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Majid Taati Moghadam
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alex van Belkum
- Open Innovation and Partnerships, Route de Port Michaud, 38390, La Balme Les Grottes, France
| | - Somayeh Yaslianifard
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Mohamed EH, Alghamdi YS, Mostafa Abdel-Hafez S, Soliman MM, Alotaibi SH, Hassan MY, Hany NAD, Amer HH. Susceptibility Assessment of Multidrug Resistant Bacteria to Natural Products. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820936189. [PMID: 32669983 PMCID: PMC7338649 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820936189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of some natural compounds
against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Methods: Forty-three bacterial strains were collected. Disc diffusion and minimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests were carried out for natural compounds
including quercetin, Acacia nilotica, Syzygium
aromaticum, and Holothuria atra. Scanning
electron microscope analysis and bacterial DNA apoptosis assays were
performed. Results: Staphylococcus aureus strains were resistant to imipenim,
ampicillin, and penicillin. Most Escherichia coli strains
were resistant to amoxicillin, clavulanat, and ampicillin. Finally,
tigecycline was effective with Klebsiella pneumoniae and
was resistant to all antibiotics. Only S aromaticum had an
antibacterial effect on K pneumoniae. Most S
aureus strains were sensitive to S aromaticum,
A nilotica, and quercetin. All examined natural
extracts had no effect on E coli. Holothuria
atra had no effect on any of the strains tested. Minimum
inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values for
examined plants against S aureus were 6.25 to 12, 1.6 to
3.2, and 9.12 to 18.24 mg/mL, respectively. Syzygium
aromaticum was active against K pneumoniae
with an MIC of 12.5 mg/mL. Scanning electron microscope analysis performed
after 24 and 48 hours of incubation showed bacterial strains with distorted
shapes and severe cell wall damage. Syzygium aromaticum,
quercetin, and A nilotica showed clear fragmentations of
S aureus DNA. Conclusions: Current findings confirmed the beneficial effect of using natural products
such as clove (S aromaticum), quercetin, and A
nilotica as a promising therapy to overcome multidrug resistant
bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam Hassan Mohamed
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Salama Mostafa Abdel-Hafez
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.,Immunobiology and Immunopharmacology Unit, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratories Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, Turabah, Saudi Arabia.,Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Saad H Alotaibi
- Chemistry Department, Turabah University College, Turabah, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdy Yassin Hassan
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.,Reproductive Disease Department, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Hamada H Amer
- Chemistry Department, Turabah University College, Turabah, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.,Animal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Egypt
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17
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CPF-C1 analog with effective antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against Staphylococcus aureus including MRSA. Biochimie 2020; 176:1-11. [PMID: 32590058 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with the ability to acquire and develop resistance to antibiotics has been described as a distinct strain emergence event. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is responsible for most global S. aureus bacteremia cases. Bacterial biofilms are one of the primary reasons for drug resistance. Biofilms formed by S. aureus are the most common cause of biofilm-associated infections, which increase the difficulty of treatment. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent promising candidates for the future treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial and biofilm-associated infections. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of analogs to increase the druggability of the natural antimicrobial peptide CPF-C1. Among the analogs, CPF-2 showed high antimicrobial activity against MRSA and multidrug-resistant S. aureus isolated from clinics. In the serum and physiological salt environment, CPF-2 also exhibited effective antimicrobial activity. Importantly, CPF-2 did not determine resistance and showed no hemolytic activity at the active concentration. Concerning the mechanism of action, CPF-2 produced a rapid bactericidal effect by interrupting the bacterial membranes. Even more surprisingly, CPF-2 showed an excellent ability to prevent and eradicate biofilms caused by S. aureus and MRSA not only in vitro but also in vivo. Our results suggested that CPF-2 has potential as a lead compound to treat infections caused by S. aureus and MRSA, including the associated biofilms.
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18
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Waitayangkoon P, Thongkam A, Benjamungkalarak T, Rachayon M, Thongthaisin A, Chatsuwan T, Thammahong A, Chiewchengchol D. Hospital epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a one-year retrospective study at a tertiary care center in Thailand. Pathog Glob Health 2020; 114:212-217. [PMID: 32379543 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2020.1755550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased rates of Staphylococcus aureus resistance and its morbidity and mortality have raised concern about the strategy of antibiotic use. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) isolates among Thai patients with S. aureus infection and to identify risk factors and appropriate antibiotics for these resistant strains. METHODS Data of culture-proven S. aureus isolates from clinical specimens during 2017 in King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand, were retrospectively collected and classified as methicillin-sensitive S. aureus or MRSA by cefoxitin screening and oxacillin minimum inhibitory concentration by the Vitek 2 system. Each isolate was also tested for susceptibility to teicoplanin, erythromycin, clindamycin, linezolid, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, tetracycline, doxycycline, and vancomycin by Vitek 2. Demographic information and comorbidities from medical records were reviewed to identify risk factors for S. aureus infection. RESULTS MRSA isolates were identified in 147 (17%) of 890 patients with no different ratio in adults or children. A higher proportion of MRSA in hospital-acquired settings was observed (27% vs. 12%; p < 0.001). Comorbidities significantly associated with MRSA were chronic lung, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases. Atrial fibrillation, dementia, and benign prostatic hyperplasia were independently associated with MRSA isolation. Vancomycin was still susceptible to all kinds of infection. One VRSA isolate was from colonization. CONCLUSION The prevalence of MRSA in our facility seemed to be comparatively low. Vancomycin is still an appropriate option for MRSA coverage since all S. aureus isolates in our center were sensitive to vancomycin. However, careful attention is warranted since one colonization isolate was VRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palapun Waitayangkoon
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand.,Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Achitpol Thongkam
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanawat Benjamungkalarak
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Muanpetch Rachayon
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aphisit Thongthaisin
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanittha Chatsuwan
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Arsa Thammahong
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Direkrit Chiewchengchol
- Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand.,Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University , Bangkok, Thailand
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19
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Shariati A, Dadashi M, Chegini Z, van Belkum A, Mirzaii M, Khoramrooz SS, Darban-Sarokhalil D. The global prevalence of Daptomycin, Tigecycline, Quinupristin/Dalfopristin, and Linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci strains: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2020; 9:56. [PMID: 32321574 PMCID: PMC7178749 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-020-00714-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCoNS) are among the main causes of nosocomial infections, which have caused major problems in recent years due to continuously increasing spread of various antibiotic resistance features. Apparently, vancomycin is still an effective antibiotic for treatment of infections caused by these bacteria but in recent years, additional resistance phenotypes have led to the accelerated introduction of newer agents such as linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin, and quinupristin/dalfopristin (Q/D). Due to limited data availability on the global rate of resistance to these antibiotics, in the present study, the resistance rates of S. aureus, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and CoNS to these antibiotics were collected. Method Several databases including web of science, EMBASE, and Medline (via PubMed), were searched (September 2018) to identify those studies that address MRSA, and CONS resistance to linezolid, tigecycline, daptomycin, and Q/D around the world. Result Most studies that reported resistant staphylococci were from the United States, Canada, and the European continent, while African and Asian countries reported the least resistance to these antibiotics. Our results showed that linezolid had the best inhibitory effect on S. aureus. Although resistances to this antibiotic have been reported from different countries, however, due to the high volume of the samples and the low number of resistance, in terms of statistical analyzes, the resistance to this antibiotic is zero. Moreover, linezolid, daptomycin and tigecycline effectively (99.9%) inhibit MRSA. Studies have shown that CoNS with 0.3% show the lowest resistance to linezolid and daptomycin, while analyzes introduced tigecycline with 1.6% resistance as the least effective antibiotic for these bacteria. Finally, MRSA and CoNS had a greater resistance to Q/D with 0.7 and 0.6%, respectively and due to its significant side effects and drug-drug interactions; it appears that its use is subject to limitations. Conclusion The present study shows that resistance to new agents is low in staphylococci and these antibiotics can still be used for treatment of staphylococcal infections in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Student Research Committee, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Dadashi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Non Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Student Research Committee, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alex van Belkum
- Open Innovation & Partnerships, Route de Port Michaud, 38390, La Balme Les Grottes, France
| | - Mehdi Mirzaii
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Seyed Sajjad Khoramrooz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center and Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Boudrioua A, Li Y, Hartke A, Giraud C. Opposite effect of vancomycin and D-Cycloserine combination in both vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and enterococci. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2020; 367:5819017. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnaa062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The increasing spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria is a major human health concern. The challenging development of new effective antibiotics has led to focus on seeking synergistic antibiotic combinations. Vancomycin (VAN) is a glycopeptide antibiotic used to treat Staphylococcus aureus and enterococci infections. It is targeting D-Alanyl-D-Alanine dimers during peptidoglycan biosynthesis. D-cycloserine (DCS) is a D-Alanine analogue that targets peptidoglycan biosynthesis by inhibiting D-Alanine:D-Alanine ligase (Ddl). The VAN-DCS combination was found to be synergistic in VAN resistant S. aureus strains lacking van genes cluster. We hypothesize that this combination leads to opposite effects in S. aureus and enterococci strains harboring van genes cluster where VAN resistance is conferred by the synthesis of modified peptidoglycan precursors ending in D-Alanyl-D-Lactate. The calculated Fractional Inhibitory Concentration of VAN-DCS combination in a van- vancomycin-intermediate, VanA type, and VanB type strains were 0.5, 5 and 3, respectively. As a result, VAN-DCS combination leads to synergism in van-lacking strains, and to antagonism in strains harboring van genes cluster. The VAN-DCS antagonism is due to a mechanism that we named van-mediated Ddl inhibition bypass. Our results show that antibiotic combinations can lead to opposite effects depending on the genetic backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanyan Li
- Laboratory Molecules of Communication and Adaptation of Microorganisms (MCAM, UMR 7245 CNRS-MNHN), National Museum of Natural History (MNHN), CNRS, CP 54, 57 rue Cuvier 75005, Paris, France
| | - Axel Hartke
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, U2RM, 14000, Caen, France
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21
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Yang S, Li W, Fan Z, Zhai L, Chen J, Xiao X, Ma J, Song B, Ma J, Tong C, Yu L, Yu Y, Cao W, Cui Y. Identification of CD4 + T cell epitopes on glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-C of Staphylococcus aureus in Babl/c mice. Microb Pathog 2020; 144:104167. [PMID: 32222538 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-C (GapC) is a highly conserved surface protein of Staphylococcus aureus, with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity, which represents an excellent vaccine candidate antigen. It can induce protective immune responses to S. aureus infections. However, CD4+ T cell epitopes of GapC that induce CD4+ T cell immune responses are currently unclear. In this study, we used bioinformatics prediction algorithms to predict CD4+ T cell epitopes of GapC. Ten peptides were synthesized to investigate the candidate epitopes. Our results showed that the peptides, G4 (GapC 104-123) and G10 (GapC 314-333) were able to induce proliferation of CD4+ T cells and secrete high levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, respectively. In addition, they significantly reduced bacterial loads in tissue and induced immunoprotective effects. It is suggested that G4 and G10 are Th1-type epitopes of S. aureus GapC. This study provides the potential development of the design of epitope-based vaccine against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Wanyu Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Zhaowei Fan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Lu Zhai
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Baifen Song
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Jinzhu Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Chunyu Tong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Liquan Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Yongzhong Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Weifan Cao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Yudong Cui
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, China.
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22
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Haghi Ghahremanloi Olia A, Ghahremani M, Ahmadi A, Sharifi Y. Comparison of biofilm production and virulence gene distribution among community- and hospital-acquired Staphylococcus aureus isolates from northwestern Iran. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2020; 81:104262. [PMID: 32109606 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant isolates among Staphylococcus aureus and their genetic variations has become a major concern worldwide. The present study aims at comparing the biofilm formation and the genes encoding adhesion molecules in methicillin-susceptible, community- and hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant, vancomycin-intermediate and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus isolates. METHODOLOGY The current study was conducted on 60 S.aureus isolates, collected at Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Iran, between the years 2014 and 2015. The modified Congo-red agar and Microtiter plate methods were used to determine biofilm production. PCR was used to detect the genes which were associated with a protein family of staphylococcal microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules. The data were analyzed using SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics, version 16). RESULTS Of 60 isolates, 57 (95%) were biofilm producers. Unlike the bbp gene, which was only detected in 3 (5%) isolates, the eno and icaD genes were identified as the most prevalent as they were detected in 53 (88.3%) and 50 (85%) of 60 isolates, respectively. The dominant virulotype comprised eight genes (icaA, icaD, clfA, clfB, fnbA, cna, eno, ebpS) in eight isolates, six of which were community-acquired-MRSAs. CONCLUSION A high percentage of the S. aureus isolates could produce a biofilm which is more common among methicillin-susceptible isolates. The high frequency of eno and icaD genes suggests that these genes may synergistically function in the onset and progression of bacterial colonization and biofilm formation. Meanwhile, this ability may help the bacteria resist the exposure of antibacterial agents and cause severe infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Haghi Ghahremanloi Olia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghahremani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaeghob Sharifi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Iran; Cellular and molecular research center, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, West Azerbaijan, Iran.
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23
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Giulieri SG, Tong SYC, Williamson DA. Using genomics to understand meticillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. Microb Genom 2020; 6:e000324. [PMID: 31913111 PMCID: PMC7067033 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to meticillin and vancomycin in Staphylococcus aureus significantly complicates the management of severe infections like bacteraemia, endocarditis or osteomyelitis. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms and genomic epidemiology of resistance to these agents, with a focus on how genomics has provided insights into the emergence and evolution of major meticillin-resistant S. aureus clones. We also provide insights on the use of bacterial whole-genome sequencing to inform management of S. aureus infections and for control of transmission at the hospital and in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano G. Giulieri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Infectious Disease Department, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Steven Y. C. Tong
- Victorian Infectious Disease Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, and Doherty Department University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia
| | - Deborah A. Williamson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Microbiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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24
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Jahansepas A, Sharifi Y, Aghazadeh M, Ahangarzadeh Rezaee M. Comparative analysis of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from clinical samples and traditional cheese types in the Northwest of Iran: antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence traits. Arch Microbiol 2019; 202:765-772. [PMID: 31822952 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01792-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This research was conducted using 50 samples of popular traditional cheeses and 160 enterococcal clinical isolates. Phenotypic and genotypic methods used for identification of enterococci. Then, the incidences of antibacterial resistance and virulence traits were investigated. In total, 165 E. faecalis and 43 E. faecium obtained from traditional cheeses and different clinical isolates were analyzed in the study. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed 175(84.1%) isolates with multi-drug resistance (MDR) patterns, which was more common among clinical sources. The predominant virulence profile, including gelE, asa1 and cpd was detected within 47 (22.6%) of the MDR isolates. Our results showed that traditional cheeses and clinical E. faecalis isolates have distinct patterns of virulence traits. The identified enterococci with antibiotic resistance and associated virulence factors, could provide a potential risk to the public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Jahansepas
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yaeghob Sharifi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Nazlou road, Urmia, West Azarbyjan, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Aghazadeh
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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25
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Majewska J, Kaźmierczak Z, Lahutta K, Lecion D, Szymczak A, Miernikiewicz P, Drapała J, Harhala M, Marek-Bukowiec K, Jędruchniewicz N, Owczarek B, Górski A, Dąbrowska K. Induction of Phage-Specific Antibodies by Two Therapeutic Staphylococcal Bacteriophages Administered per os. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2607. [PMID: 31803179 PMCID: PMC6871536 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In therapeutic phage applications oral administration is a common and well-accepted delivery route. Phages applied per os may elicit a specific humoral response, which may in turn affect phage activity. We present specific anti-phage antibody induction in mice receiving therapeutic staphylococcal bacteriophage A3R or 676Z in drinking water. The schedule comprised: (1) primary exposure to phages for 100 days, followed by (2) diet without phage for 120 days, and (3) secondary exposure to the same phage for 44 days. Both phages induced specific antibodies in blood (IgM, IgG, IgA), even though poor to ineffective translocation of the phages to blood was observed. IgM reached a maximum on day 22, IgG increased from day 22 until the end of the experiment. Specific IgA in the blood and in the gut were induced simultaneously within about 2 months; the IgA level gradually decreased when phage was removed from the diet. Importantly, phage-specific IgA was the limiting factor for phage activity in the gastrointestinal tract. Multicopy proteins (major capsid protein and tail morphogenetic protein H) contributed significantly to phage immunogenicity (IgG), while the baseplate protein gpORF096 did not induce a significant response. Microbiome composition assessment by next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed that no important changes correlated with phage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Majewska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Kaźmierczak
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karolina Lahutta
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dorota Lecion
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksander Szymczak
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paulina Miernikiewicz
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jarosław Drapała
- Faculty of Computer Science and Management, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Harhala
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Natalia Jędruchniewicz
- Research and Development Center, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Barbara Owczarek
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andrzej Górski
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krystyna Dąbrowska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.,Research and Development Center, Regional Specialist Hospital in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
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26
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Evaluation of telavancin susceptibility in isolates of Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 38:2323-2330. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03683-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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27
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Wu JW, Li BL, Tang C, Ke CQ, Zhu NL, Qiu SX, Ye Y. Callistemonols A and B, Potent Antimicrobial Acylphloroglucinol Derivatives with Unusual Carbon Skeletons from Callistemon viminalis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1917-1922. [PMID: 31276403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation on the leaves of Callistemon viminalis resulted in the isolation of two unusual compounds, callistemonols A (1) and B (2). Callistemonol A (1) possesses a novel skeleton of a furan ring fusing both an α,β-triketone and a phloroglucinol unit, while callistemonol B (2) is an acylphloroglucinol derivative featuring two methyl substituents on a five-membered ring and an isovaleryl side chain. Their structures were fully characterized on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR parameters, as well as the IR and HRESIMS data. Callistemonol A (1) represents an example of a natural dibenzofuran with two phenyl moieties, and a plausible biogenetic pathway to generate this novel dibenzofuran through a C-C bond-forming radical SAM enzyme is proposed. Moreover, antimicrobial assays, in conjunction with time-killing and biophysical studies, revealed that 1 and 2 exert potent bactericidal activities against a panel of methicillin-resistant pathogenic microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Wei Wu
- Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, & Natural Products Chemistry Department , Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bai-Lin Li
- Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, & Natural Products Chemistry Department , Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Qiang Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, & Natural Products Chemistry Department , Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , People's Republic of China
| | - Nan-Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, & Natural Products Chemistry Department , Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Xiang Qiu
- Program for Natural Product Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany , South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, & Natural Products Chemistry Department , Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 201203 , People's Republic of China
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28
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Protection against Staphylococcus aureus Colonization and Infection by B- and T-Cell-Mediated Mechanisms. mBio 2018; 9:mBio.01949-18. [PMID: 30327437 PMCID: PMC6191547 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01949-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
S. aureus is a leading cause of healthcare- and community-associated bacterial infections. S. aureus causes various illnesses, including bacteremia, meningitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, sepsis, and skin and soft tissue infections. S. aureus colonizes between 20 and 80% of humans; carriers are at increased risk for infection and transmission to others. The spread of multidrug-resistant strains limits antibiotic treatment options. Vaccine development against S. aureus has been unsuccessful to date, likely due to an inadequate understanding about the mechanisms of immune defense against this pathogen. The significance of our work is in illustrating the necessity of generating multipronged B-cell, Th1-, and Th17-mediated responses to S. aureus antigens in conferring enhanced and broad protection against S. aureus invasive infection, skin and soft tissue infection, and mucosal colonization. Our work thus, provides important insights for future vaccine development against this pathogen. Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. S. aureus colonizes 20 to 80% of humans at any one time and causes a variety of illnesses. Strains that are resistant to common antibiotics further complicate management. S. aureus vaccine development has been unsuccessful so far, largely due to the incomplete understanding of the mechanisms of protection against this pathogen. Here, we studied the role of different aspects of adaptive immunity induced by an S. aureus vaccine in protection against S. aureus bacteremia, dermonecrosis, skin abscess, and gastrointestinal (GI) colonization. We show that, depending on the challenge model, the contributions of vaccine-induced S. aureus-specific antibody and Th1 and Th17 responses to protection are different: antibodies play a major role in reducing mortality during S. aureus bacteremia, whereas Th1 or Th17 responses are essential for prevention of S. aureus skin abscesses and the clearance of bacteria from the GI tract. Both antibody- and T-cell-mediated mechanisms contribute to prevention of S. aureus dermonecrosis. Engagement of all three immune pathways results in the most robust protection under each pathological condition. Therefore, our results suggest that eliciting multipronged humoral and cellular responses to S. aureus antigens may be critical to achieve effective and comprehensive immune defense against this pathogen.
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29
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Kemung HM, Tan LTH, Khan TM, Chan KG, Pusparajah P, Goh BH, Lee LH. Streptomyces as a Prominent Resource of Future Anti-MRSA Drugs. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2221. [PMID: 30319563 PMCID: PMC6165876 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pose a significant health threat as they tend to cause severe infections in vulnerable populations and are difficult to treat due to a limited range of effective antibiotics and also their ability to form biofilm. These organisms were once limited to hospital acquired infections but are now widely present in the community and even in animals. Furthermore, these organisms are constantly evolving to develop resistance to more antibiotics. This results in a need for new clinically useful antibiotics and one potential source are the Streptomyces which have already been the source of several anti-MRSA drugs including vancomycin. There remain large numbers of Streptomyces potentially undiscovered in underexplored regions such as mangrove, deserts, marine, and freshwater environments as well as endophytes. Organisms from these regions also face significant challenges to survival which often result in the production of novel bioactive compounds, several of which have already shown promise in drug development. We review the various mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in MRSA and all the known compounds isolated from Streptomyces with anti-MRSA activity with a focus on those from underexplored regions. The isolation of the full array of compounds Streptomyces are potentially capable of producing in the laboratory has proven a challenge, we also review techniques that have been used to overcome this obstacle including genetic cluster analysis. Additionally, we review the in vivo work done thus far with promising compounds of Streptomyces origin as well as the animal models that could be used for this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefa Mangzira Kemung
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Biomedicine Research Advancement Centre, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, Biomedicine Research Advancement Centre, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Loh Teng-Hern Tan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Biomedicine Research Advancement Centre, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, Biomedicine Research Advancement Centre, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Tahir Mehmood Khan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Biomedicine Research Advancement Centre, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, Biomedicine Research Advancement Centre, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IPS), University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Priyia Pusparajah
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Biomedicine Research Advancement Centre, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, Biomedicine Research Advancement Centre, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Mueang Phayao, Thailand
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Biomedicine Research Advancement Centre, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, Biomedicine Research Advancement Centre, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Mueang Phayao, Thailand
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