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Mouftah SF, Pascoe B, Calland JK, Mourkas E, Tonkin N, Lefevre C, Deuker D, Smith S, Wickenden H, Hitchings MD, Sheppard SK, Elhadidy M. Local accessory gene sharing among Egyptian Campylobacter potentially promotes the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Microb Genom 2022; 8. [PMID: 35675117 PMCID: PMC9455717 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, and diarrhoeal disease is a major cause of child morbidity, growth faltering and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Despite evidence of high incidence and differences in disease epidemiology, there is limited genomic data from studies in developing countries. In this study, we aimed to quantify the extent of gene sharing in local and global populations. We characterized the genetic diversity and accessory-genome content of a collection of Campylobacter isolates from the Cairo metropolitan area, Egypt. In total, 112 Campylobacter isolates were collected from broiler carcasses (n=31), milk and dairy products (n=24), and patients suffering from gastroenteritis (n=57). Among the most common sequence types (STs), we identified the globally disseminated host generalist ST-21 clonal complex (CC21) and the poultry specialists CC206, CC464 and CC48. Notably, CC45 and the cattle-specialist CC42 were under-represented, with a total absence of CC61. Core- and accessory-genome sharing was compared among isolates from Egypt and a comparable collection from the UK (Oxford). Lineage-specific accessory-genome sharing was significantly higher among isolates from the same country, particularly CC21, which demonstrated greater local geographical clustering. In contrast, no geographical clustering was noted in either the core or accessory genome of CC828, suggesting a highly admixed population. A greater proportion of Campylobacter coli isolates were multidrug resistant compared to Campylobacter jejuni. Our results suggest that there is more horizontal transfer of accessory genes between strains in Egypt. This has strong implications for controlling the spread of antimicrobial resistance among this important pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa F Mouftah
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ben Pascoe
- Milner Centre of Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK.,Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jessica K Calland
- Milner Centre of Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Evangelos Mourkas
- Milner Centre of Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Naomi Tonkin
- Milner Centre of Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Charlotte Lefevre
- Milner Centre of Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK.,Present address: Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Danielle Deuker
- Milner Centre of Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK.,Present address: Nuffield Department of Medicine, Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sunny Smith
- Milner Centre of Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | - Harry Wickenden
- Milner Centre of Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK
| | | | - Samuel K Sheppard
- Milner Centre of Evolution, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, UK.,Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mohamed Elhadidy
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.,Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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2
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Ammar AM, Abd El-Hamid MI, El-Malt RMS, Azab DS, Albogami S, Al-Sanea MM, Soliman WE, Ghoneim MM, Bendary MM. Molecular Detection of Fluoroquinolone Resistance among Multidrug-, Extensively Drug-, and Pan-Drug-Resistant Campylobacter Species in Egypt. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1342. [PMID: 34827280 PMCID: PMC8614916 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent times, resistant foodborne pathogens, especially of the Campylobacter species, have created several global crises. These crises have been compounded due to the evolution of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens and the emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) strains. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the development of resistance and the existence of both XDR and PDR among Campylobacter isolates. Moreover, we explored the use of the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique for the detection of fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant Campylobacter isolates. A total of 120 Campylobacter isolates were identified depending on both phenotypic and genotypic methods. Of note, cefoxitin and imipenem were the most effective drugs against the investigated Campylobacter isolates. Interestingly, the majority of our isolates (75%) were MDR. Unfortunately, both XDR and PDR isolates were detected in our study with prevalence rates of 20.8% and 4.2%, respectively. All FQ-resistant isolates with ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentrations ≥4 µg/mL were confirmed by the genetic detection of gyrA chromosomal mutation via substitution of threonine at position 86 to isoleucine (Thr-86-to-Ile) using the PCR-RFLP technique. Herein, PCR-RFLP was a more practical and less expensive method used for the detection of FQ resistant isolates. In conclusion, we introduced a fast genetic method for the identification of FQ-resistant isolates to avoid treatment failure through the proper description of antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Ammar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (A.M.A.); (M.I.A.E.-H.)
| | - Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (A.M.A.); (M.I.A.E.-H.)
| | - Rania M. S. El-Malt
- Animal Health Research Institute-Agriculture Research Center, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44516, Egypt;
| | - Doaa S. Azab
- Zagazig Veterinary Hospital, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44516, Egypt;
| | - Sarah Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 11099, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Wafaa E. Soliman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Al Maarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahmoud M. Bendary
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42511, Egypt
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3
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Bai J, Chen Z, Luo K, Zeng F, Qu X, Zhang H, Chen K, Lin Q, He H, Liao M, Zhang J. Highly Prevalent Multidrug-Resistant Campylobacter spp. Isolated From a Yellow-Feathered Broiler Slaughterhouse in South China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:682741. [PMID: 34220768 PMCID: PMC8242590 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.682741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes, and genetic diversity of Campylobacter spp. along the yellow-feathered broiler slaughtering line in Southern China from December 2018 to June 2019. A total of 157 Campylobacter spp. isolates were identified from 1,102 samples (including 53.6% (75/140) of live chicken anal swab samples, 27.5% (44/160) of defeathering samples, 18.1% (29/160) of evisceration samples, 2.1% (3/140) of washing samples, 1.4% (2/140) of chilling samples, and 1.1% (4/362) of environmental samples). The prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was 14.2%, including 43.9% Campylobacter jejuni, 53.5% Campylobacter coli, and 2.5% other Campylobacter species. The highest antimicrobial resistance rate was found to be against sulfamethoxazole (138/157, 87.9%), and 90.4% (142/157) of the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Examination of resistance-related genes revealed the double base mutated Thr-86-Ile, which informed ACA-TTA, with an Arg-79-Lys substitution in gyrA. Eleven virulence-associated genes (cadF, cdtA, cdtB, ciaB, flaA, imaA, dnaJ, plaA, virB11, racR, and cdtC) were also detected by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, and cadF (81.5%) was the most prevalent. Based on an analysis of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) results, we found that Campylobacter spp. could be cross-contaminated throughout the entire slaughtering line. These results show that it is imperative to study the Campylobacter spp. from the yellow-feathered broiler along the slaughtering line in China to develop preventative and treatment measures for the poultry industry, as well as food safety and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Bai
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaijian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanliang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Qu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaifeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qijie Lin
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haishan He
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Liao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Livestock Disease Prevention of Guangdong Province, Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Veterinary Drugs and Diagnostic Techniques of Guangdong Province, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonoses Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Abd El-Hamid MI, Abd El-Aziz NK, Samir M, El-Naenaeey ESY, Abo Remela EM, Mosbah RA, Bendary MM. Genetic Diversity of Campylobacter jejuni Isolated From Avian and Human Sources in Egypt. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2353. [PMID: 31681217 PMCID: PMC6813243 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) are able to colonise and infect domestic poultry and also pose a risk for humans. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of genotypic diversity among C. jejuni isolates recovered from avian and human sources in Egypt. Furthermore, the short variable region (SVR) of flagellin A (flaA) gene was analysed for the presence of allelic variants. Our results showed that C. jejuni isolates differ in their capacity to harbour each of the virulence genes alone or when present in various combinations. The flaA gene was detected in all C. jejuni strains and none of the strains had all the studied virulence genes together. When considering C. jejuni strains from the investigated sources, the cdtC gene was the most similar, while the cdtB and iam genes were the most dissimilar. We could identify 13 novel alleles in the analysed strains. The analyses of virulence gene patterns, flaA gene sequences and allelic variants showed that C. jejuni strains from different sources overlapped largely suggesting potential involvement of poultry in transmitting C. jejuni to humans. We also found that the strains isolated from the same host were highly heterogeneous, with chicken strains exhibiting the highest diversity. Moreover, the human strains were clustered closer to chicken ones than to those from pigeon. The results of this study should be taken into consideration when assessing the epidemiology and risk potential of Egyptian C. jejuni not only in poultry, but also in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa I. Abd El-Hamid
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Norhan K. Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Samir
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - El-sayed Y. El-Naenaeey
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Etab M. Abo Remela
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha A. Mosbah
- Fellow Pharmacist at Zagazig University Hospital, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Bendary
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
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Abd El-Tawab AA, Ammar AM, Ahmed HA, Hefny AA. Efflux Pump Inhibitors, Alpha-Tocopherol and Aspirin: Role in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Fluoroquinolone Resistance. Microb Drug Resist 2019; 25:203-211. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2018.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf A. Abd El-Tawab
- Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Ammar
- Department of Microbiology and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Heba A. Ahmed
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Hefny
- Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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