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Liu T, Peng X, Geng Y, Song C, Zhou Z, Huang Y. Frailty and prognosis in lung cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2024; 14:121-131. [PMID: 38050057 DOI: 10.1136/spcare-2023-004577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumours. Patients are frequently at risk of frailty as lung cancer progresses. The meta-analysis aims to explore the impact of frailty on the long-term prognosis and the incidence of short-term chemotherapy toxicity in patients with lung cancer. This study was designed adhered to the criteria of Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews. Systematic searches were performed on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases for relevant studies until December 2022. The outcome measures were overall survival, progression-free survival, chemotherapy toxicity and all-cause mortality. We then performed sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses and evidence quality. This meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager V.5.4 software. Of the included studies, six were retrospective and five were prospective. There was a statistically significant difference between the frail and non-frail groups in overall survival (HR 2.27, 95% CI 1.24 to 4.15, p=0.008), all-cause mortality (HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.65, p=0.05) and chemotherapy toxicity (OR 3.73, 95% CI 1.99 to 7.00, p<0.0001). We conducted a sensitivity analysis, and the result was stable. The study revealed frail group had shorter survival and experienced more severe adverse effects than the non-frail group. Frailty affects the long-term prognosis and the incidence of short-term chemotherapy toxicity of patients with lung cancer. Consequently, medical professionals should focus on frailty screening in patients with lung cancer and implement active intervention measures. PROSPERO registration number is CRD42023398606.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzi Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xintong Peng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Geng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Chen Song
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Ziwen Zhou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
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Depoorter V, Vanschoenbeek K, Decoster L, Silversmit G, Debruyne PR, De Groof I, Bron D, Cornélis F, Luce S, Focan C, Verschaeve V, Debugne G, Langenaeken C, Van Den Bulck H, Goeminne JC, Teurfs W, Jerusalem G, Schrijvers D, Petit B, Rasschaert M, Praet JP, Vandenborre K, Milisen K, Flamaing J, Kenis C, Verdoodt F, Wildiers H. Long-term health-care utilisation in older patients with cancer and the association with the Geriatric 8 screening tool: a retrospective analysis using linked clinical and population-based data in Belgium. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2023; 4:e326-e336. [PMID: 37327806 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little evidence is available on the long-term health-care utilisation of older patients with cancer and whether this is associated with geriatric screening results. We aimed to evaluate long-term health-care utilisation among older patients after cancer diagnosis and the association with baseline Geriatric 8 (G8) screening results. METHODS For this retrospective analysis, we included data from three cohort studies for patients (aged ≥70 years) with a new cancer diagnosis who underwent G8 screening between Oct 19, 2009 and Feb 27, 2015, and who survived more than 3 months after G8 screening. The clinical data were linked to cancer registry and health-care reimbursement data for long-term follow-up. The occurrence of outcomes (inpatient hospital admissions, emergency department visits, use of intensive care, contacts with general practitioner [GP], contacts with a specialist, use of home care, and nursing home admissions) was assessed in the 3 years after G8 screening. We assessed the association between outcomes and baseline G8 score (normal score [>14] or abnormal [≤14]) using adjusted rate ratios (aRRs) calculated from Poisson regression and using cumulative incidence calculated as a time-to-event analysis with the Kaplan-Meier method. FINDINGS 7556 patients had a new cancer diagnosis, of whom 6391 patients (median age 77 years [IQR 74-82]) met inclusion criteria and were included. 4110 (64·3%) of 6391 patients had an abnormal baseline G8 score (≤14 of 17 points). In the first 3 months after G8 screening, health-care utilisation peaked and then decreased over time, with the exception of GP contacts and home care days, which remained high throughout the 3-year follow-up period. Compared with patients with a normal baseline G8 score, patients with an abnormal baseline G8 score had more hospital admissions (aRR 1·20 [95% CI 1·15-1·25]; p<0·0001), hospital days (1·66 [1·64-1·68]; p<0·0001), emergency department visits (1·42 [1·34-1·52]; p<0·0001), intensive care days (1·49 [1·39-1·60]; p<0·0001), general practitioner contacts (1·19 [1·17-1·20]; p<0·0001), home care days (1·59 [1·58-1·60]; p<0·0001), and nursing home admissions (16·7% vs 3·1%; p<0·0001) in the 3-year follow-up period. At 3 years, of the 2281 patients with a normal baseline G8 score, 1421 (62·3%) continued to live at home independently and 503 (22·0%) had died. Of the 4110 patients with an abnormal baseline G8 score, 1057 (25·7%) continued to live at home independently and 2191 (53·3%) had died. INTERPRETATION An abnormal G8 score at cancer diagnosis was associated with increased health-care utilisation in the subsequent 3 years among patients who survived longer than 3 months. FUNDING Stand up to Cancer, the Flemish Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lore Decoster
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, University Hospitals Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Philip R Debruyne
- Division of Medical Oncology, Kortrijk Cancer Centre, AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium; Medical Technology Research Centre, School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Inge De Groof
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Iridium Network Antwerp, Sint-Augustinus Cancer Center, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dominique Bron
- Department of Hematology, Institute Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frank Cornélis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Luce
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Focan
- Department of Oncology, Clinique CHC MontLégia, Liège, Belgium
| | - Vincent Verschaeve
- Department of Medical Oncology, Grand Hôpital de Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Gwenaëlle Debugne
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de Mouscron, Mouscron, Belgium
| | | | | | - Jean-Charles Goeminne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire UCL-Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Wesley Teurfs
- Department of Medical Oncology, ZNA Stuivenberg, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Guy Jerusalem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sart Tilman, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Dirk Schrijvers
- Department of Medical Oncology, ZNA Middelheim, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bénédicte Petit
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Jolimont, La Louvière, Belgium
| | - Marika Rasschaert
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Jean-Philippe Praet
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire St-Pierre, Free Universities Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Koen Milisen
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Flamaing
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Gerontology and Geriatrics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cindy Kenis
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Freija Verdoodt
- Research Department, Belgian Cancer Registry, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of General Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Liposits G, Ryg J, Skuladottir H, Winther SB, Möller S, Hofsli E, Shah CH, Poulsen LØ, Berglund Å, Qvortrup C, Osterlund P, Glimelius B, Sorbye H, Pfeiffer P. Prognostic value of baseline functional status measures and geriatric screening in vulnerable older patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving palliative chemotherapy - The randomized NORDIC9-study. J Geriatr Oncol 2023; 14:101408. [PMID: 36494261 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Appropriate patient selection based on functional status is crucial when considering older adults for palliative chemotherapy. This pre-planned analysis of the randomized NORDIC9-study explored the prognostic value of four functional status measures regarding progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in vulnerable older patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receiving first-line palliative chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients ≥70 years of age with mCRC not candidates for standard full-dose combination chemotherapy were randomized to receive full-dose S1 or reduced-dose S1 + oxaliplatin. At baseline, functional status was assessed using ECOG performance status (ECOG PS), frailty phenotype, Geriatric 8 (G8), and Vulnerable Elderly Survey-13 (VES-13). Multivariable regression models were applied and C-statistics were estimated. RESULTS In total, 160 patients with a median age of 78 years (IQR: 76-81) were included. While in univariate analyses, ECOG PS, frailty phenotype, and VES-13 were statistically significantly associated with differences in OS between subgroups, G8 was not (HR = 1.55, 95%CI: 0.99-2.41, p = 0.050). In multivariable analyses adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and treatment allocation, we found significant differences between subgroups for all applied tools and with C-statistics in the moderate range for ECOG PS and VES-13. Concerning PFS, statistically significant differences were observed between subgroups of ECOG PS, G8, and VES-13 both in uni- and multivariable analyses, but not for frailty phenotype. DISCUSSION In this Nordic cohort of vulnerable older patients with mCRC, baseline ECOG PS, frailty phenotype, G8, and VES-13 showed prognostic value regarding overall survival, and moderate predictive value of models based on ECOG PS and VES-13 was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Liposits
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense, Denmark.
| | - Jesper Ryg
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense, Denmark; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Halla Skuladottir
- Department of Oncology, Regional Hospital Gødstrup, Herning, Denmark
| | - Stine B Winther
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense, Denmark
| | - Sören Möller
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; OPEN - Open Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Eva Hofsli
- Department of Oncology, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | | | - Åke Berglund
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Pia Osterlund
- Department of Oncology, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Glimelius
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Halfdan Sorbye
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per Pfeiffer
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense, Denmark
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