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Jiang Q, Wang Y, Cheng J, Pan Y, Ren J, Leng Y, Liu Y, Bao C, Wang L, Tuo X. Sorption of cesium on surrounding granite of Chinese low- and medium-level nuclear waste repository in the groundwater environment. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Mishra G, Tripathi SN, Saud T, Joshi M, Khan A, Sapra BK. Interaction of cesium bound fission product compounds (CsI and CsOH) with abundant inorganic compounds of atmosphere: Effect on hygroscopic growth properties. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 418:126356. [PMID: 34329010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cesium compounds if present in atmosphere, can affect human health as well as the ecosystem due to their highly hazardous nature. Interaction of cesium compounds with abundantly available atmospheric salts can modify the hygroscopic behavior in sub-saturation relative humidity (RH) domain. Any marked modification in growth factor (GF) for the mixed particle state in comparison to the single particles ultimately affects the settling rates and hence the deposition flux. This work studies the hygroscopic behavior of two important cesium bound fission product aerosols (CsI, CsOH) internally mixed with some common atmospheric particles viz. [Formula: see text] and NaNO3 for a fixed dry particle size of 100 nm. Experimental measurements, performed with Hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer in the range of 20-94% RH, have been compared with the predictions made from Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson (ZSR) approach. Apart from the single/pure particle state for the constituents (i.e. mixing ratios 1:0 and 0:1), three other mixing ratios 1:4, 1:1 and 4:1 have been considered. The results show that the GF vs RH pattern for mixed particles is different from that for single CsI and CsOH particles. The intrinsic water uptake behavior for these cesium compounds was found to be perturbed for some of the chosen combinations as well. Deliquescent transition for the mixed particles was observed at lower RH compared to the single electrolytes. Relative differences noticeable for the chosen mixing ratios could be related to the available fractions in the mixed state. Overall, ZSR method was found to be capturing the trend of increasing GFs with increasing RH. Terminal gravitational settling velocities calculated from the measured GFs were also found to be different for single and mixed particles. The relative difference was significant for some combinations and test conditions. Any modification in settling velocity ultimately impacts the deposition flux estimations. Hence neglecting the presence of atmospheric salts affects the accuracy of the source term estimates for a postulated nuclear reactor accident scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Mishra
- Nuclear Engineering and Technology Programme, Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT, Kanpur 208016, India; National Aerosol Facility, IIT, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - S N Tripathi
- Department of Civil Engineering, IIT, Kanpur 208016, India; Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, IIT, Kanpur 208016, India.
| | - T Saud
- National Aerosol Facility, IIT, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Manish Joshi
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Arshad Khan
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - B K Sapra
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Zhang H, Dong Y, He H, Li H, Zhao S, Liu J, Jia M, Yang J, Yang Y, Liu N, Liao J. Sorption of cesium on Tamusu clay in synthetic groundwater with high ionic strength. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2019-3161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The sorption behaviour of cesium on Tamusu clay was first investigated by batch experiments under synthetic groundwater and deionized water conditions. The results showed that the sorption could be well described by the pseud-second-order kinetic model or by the Freundlich isotherm model, and the Kd
values decreased rapidly when temperature was greater than 328 K. However, the influence of initial cesium concentration, initial pH and Humic acid (HA) on the sorption behaviour in the synthetic groundwater exhibited a significant difference from those in the deionized water. In particular, the Kd
value in the synthetic groundwater (5.47 mL/g) was much lower than that in the deionized water (58.97 mL/g). The SEM/EDS, effect of ion strength and pH-independent results in the synthetic groundwater indicated the cesium sorption on Tamusu clay was mainly involved in an ion exchange process. Additionally, the research reported in this work implies that the retardation of cesium on Tamusu clay was significantly lower than that on other clay rock in the world. The results suggest that the sorption behaviour of cesium or other nuclides on Tamusu clay should be evaluated in synthetic or actual groundwater but not in deionized water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China
| | - Yang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China
| | - Hanyi He
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China
| | - Honghui Li
- China Institute for Radiation Protection , Taiyuan 030006 , P.R. China
| | - Shuaiwei Zhao
- China Institute for Radiation Protection , Taiyuan 030006 , P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China
| | - Meilan Jia
- China Institute for Radiation Protection , Taiyuan 030006 , P.R. China
| | - Jijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China
| | - Yuanyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China , Tel.: +862885412613, Fax: +862885412374,
| | - Ning Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China
| | - Jiali Liao
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P.R. China , Tel.: +862885412613, Fax: +862885412374,
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Khandaker S, Toyohara Y, Kamida S, Kuba T. Effective removal of cesium from wastewater solutions using an innovative low-cost adsorbent developed from sewage sludge molten slag. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 222:304-315. [PMID: 29864743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effective removal of cesium (Cs) from aqueous solution using sewage sludge molten (SSM) slag that has undergone the surface modification with alkali (NaOH) hydrothermal treatment. The raw and modified slags were characterised systematically using the BET method, the FESEM, the XRF, the XRD spectroscopy and the CEC analysis to understand the physicochemical changes of the materials, and its sensitivity to Cs ions adsorption. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of adsorbent dose, contact time, solution pH, different initial Cs concentrations, temperature and the effect of competitive ions on Cs adsorption. The adsorption isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies were also evaluated based on the experimental results. A higher Cs removal efficiency of almost 100% (for 20-100 mg/L of initial concentration) was achieved by the modified SSM slag, and the maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 52.36 mg/g. Several types of synthetic zeolites such as zeolite X, zeolite Y, zeolite A, and sodalite were formed on surface of the modified slag through the modification process which might be enhanced the Cs adsorption capacity. Kinetic parameters were fitted by the pseudo-second order model. The adsorption isotherms data of modified slag were well-fitted to the Langmuir (R2 = 0.989) and Freundlich isotherms (R2 = 0.988). The thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption process by the modified slag was spontaneous and exothermic. In the competitive ions effect, the modified slag effectively captured the Cs ion in the presence of Na+ and K+, especially at their lower concentrations. Moreover, the modified slag was reused for several cycles after the successful elution process with an appropriate eluting agent (0.5 M H2SO4), without deterioration of its original performance. Therefore, the SSM modified slag could be effectively used as a low-cost potential adsorbent for high Cs adsorption from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahjalal Khandaker
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Yusaku Toyohara
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Japan
| | | | - Takahiro Kuba
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Japan
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Mechanism and optimization of enhanced electro-kinetic remediation on 137Cs contaminated kaolin soils: A semi-pilot study based on experimental and modeling methodology. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Li JR, Zhu L, Tang J, Qin K, Li G, Wang T. Sequestration of naturally abundant seawater calcium and magnesium to enhance the adsorption capacity of bentonite toward environmental phosphate. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01145d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequestrating seawater Ca/Mg by bentonite greatly enhances its capability for environmental phosphate removal in a green way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-rong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion
- Institute of Urban Environment
- Chinese Academy Sciences
- Xiamen
- PR China
| | - Li Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion
- Institute of Urban Environment
- Chinese Academy Sciences
- Xiamen
- PR China
| | - Jianfeng Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion
- Institute of Urban Environment
- Chinese Academy Sciences
- Xiamen
- PR China
| | - Kun Qin
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Taishan Medical University
- Taian
- PR China
| | - Gang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion
- Institute of Urban Environment
- Chinese Academy Sciences
- Xiamen
- PR China
| | - TsingHai Wang
- Biomedical Engineering and Environment Sciences
- National Tsing Hua University
- Hsinchu
- Taiwan
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Profiling vertical distribution of scalants in RO membranes by LA-ICP-MS and fouling models. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Chen LS, Wang T, Hsieh YK, Hsu CH, Lin JCT, Wang CF. Visualization of clogs developed from interaction between APDC and low-level radwaste relevant nuclides on RO membranes: A LA-ICP-MS study. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yu S, Zha C, Lu F, Wei X, Wang K. Simultaneous separation of simulated radionuclides strontium and neodymium using in situ hydrotalcite synthesis. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-013-2499-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Chen CL, Wang TH, Lee CH, Teng SP. The development of a through-diffusion model with a parent-daughter decay chain. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2012; 138-139:1-14. [PMID: 22771814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A valid performance assessment of radioactive waste repositories strongly depends on the reliability of nuclide transport parameters, including distribution and diffusion coefficients. To reduce the waste produced and time spent conducting diffusion experiments, a robust model is required to accurately interpret the experiment results. Therefore, we developed a through-diffusion model with parent-daughter nuclide decay chain. We validated our model through comparisons with the Moridis model (Moridis, 1999) and Bharat model (Bharat et al., 2009), assessing our model and these two models using the distribution of parent nuclide concentrations. This strongly supports the rationality and functionality of extending our proposed model to daughter nuclides. In this study, we derived analytical solutions for the parent nuclides of the through-diffusion experiment using the multicompartment (MC) model. We also propose a simplified formula for estimating the apparent diffusion coefficient of parent nuclides based on the analytical solutions. Through numerical experiments, we verified the feasibility of the formula. Our models are useful for determining the apparent diffusion coefficient of daughter nuclides when conducting through-diffusion experiments with parent-daughter nuclide decay chains. Additionally, the proposed models offer the advantages of saving time and reducing experimental waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Lung Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan.
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