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Zhang J, Li X, Qian A, Xu X, Lv Y, Zhou X, Yang X, Zhu W, Zhang H, Ding Y. Effects of operating conditions on the in situ control of sulfur-containing odors by using a novel alternative landfill cover and its transformation mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:7959-7976. [PMID: 38175505 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing gases are main sources of landfill odors, which has become a big issue for pollution to environment and human health. Biocover is promising for treating landfill odors, with advantages of durability and environmental friendliness. In this study, charcoal sludge compost was utilized as the main effective component of a novel alternative landfill cover and the in situ control of sulfur-containing odors from municipal solid waste landfilling process was simulated under nine different operating conditions. Results showed that five sulfur-containing odors (hydrogen sulfide, H2S; methyl mercaptan, CH3SH; dimethyl sulfide, CH3SCH3; ethylmercaptan, CH3CH2SH; carbon disulfide, CS2) were monitored and removed by the biocover, with the highest removal efficiencies of 77.18% for H2S, 87.36% for CH3SH, and 92.19% for CH3SCH3 in reactor 8#, and 95.94% for CH3CH2SH and 94.44% for CS2 in reactor 3#. The orthogonal experiment showed that the factors influencing the removal efficiencies of sulfur-containing odors were ranked from high to low as follows: temperature > weight ratio > humidity content. The combination of parameters of 20% weight ratio, 25°C temperature, and 30% water content was more recommended based on the consideration of the removal efficiencies and economic benefits. The mechanisms of sulfur conversion inside biocover were analyzed. Most organic sulfur was firstly degraded to reduced sulfides or element sulfur, and then oxidized to sulfate which could be stable in the layer as the final state. In this process, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria play a great role, and the distribution of them in reactor 1#, 5#, and 8# was specifically monitored. Bradyrhizobiaceae and Rhodospirillaceae were the dominant species which can utilize sulfide as substance to produce sulfate and element sulfur, respectively. Based on the results of OUTs, the biodiversity of these sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, these microorganisms, was demonstrated to be affected by the different parameters. These results indicate that the novel alternative landfill cover modified with bamboo charcoal compost is effective in removing sulfur odors from landfills. Meanwhile, the findings have direct implications for addressing landfill odor problems through parameter adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiai Qian
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianwen Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Lv
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrong Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrui Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqin Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, People's Republic of China
| | - Hangjun Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Chen Z, Feng Q, Yue R, Chen Z, Moselhi O, Soliman A, Hammad A, An C. Construction, renovation, and demolition waste in landfill: a review of waste characteristics, environmental impacts, and mitigation measures. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:46509-46526. [PMID: 35508848 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20479-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the increase in global population, industrialization, and urbanization, waste from construction, renovation, and demolition (CRD) activities has grown rapidly. There are some issues associated with the disposal of CRD waste in landfills. Depositing in landfills is still the main method for CRD waste disposal from the global perspective. The objective of this study is to comprehensively review the environmental impacts and management technologies for CRD waste in landfills. It includes the overview of the current CRD waste flow and relevant policies worldwide. The main environmental problems caused by CRD waste in landfills include leachate and H2S gas emission. This paper summarizes the primary environmental impacts caused by landfilling CRD waste and the available mitigation technologies. It also includes the use of CRD waste as an alternative material in landfill barriers. Although many technologies can help mitigate the environmental impacts caused by landfilling CRD waste, the optimal solution is to divert the waste flow from landfills using the "3R" principle. In the end, the existing research gaps in CRD waste and landfill management are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Chen
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Rengyu Yue
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Osama Moselhi
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Ahmed Soliman
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Amin Hammad
- Institute for Information Systems Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Chunjiang An
- Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, H3G 1M8, Canada.
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Ding Y, Xiong J, Zhou B, Wei J, Qian A, Zhang H, Zhu W, Zhu J. Odor removal by and microbial community in the enhanced landfill cover materials containing biochar-added sludge compost under different operating parameters. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 87:679-690. [PMID: 31109570 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Odor problem has become a growing concern for municipal solid waste (MSW) operators and communities located close to landfill sites. In this study, nine laboratory-scale landfill reactors were used to simulate in-situ odor control by a novel landfill cover material consisting of biochar-added sludge compost under various operating parameters. Characterization of odor removal and microbial community in the cover layer under various operating parameters was conducted using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry and 454 high-throughput pyrosequencing, respectively. Results showed that H2S (76.9-86.0%) and volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) (12.3-21.7%) were dominant according to their theoretical generated odor concentrations. The total odor REs calculated using the theoretical odor concentrations in the landfill reactors were different than using the measured odor values, which were ranked from high to low as: R6 > R5 > R7 > R4 > R8 > R9 > R3 > R2 > R1, showing the largest discrepancy of 25.3%. The optimum combination of operating parameters based on the theoretical odor concentration was different with that based on the measured odor concentrations. Moreover, although Firmicutes (12.21-91.48%), Proteobacteria (3.55-51.03%), and Actinobacteria (4.01-47.39%) were in general the three major bacterial phyla found in the landfill covers, the detailed bacterial communities in the cover materials of the simulated reactors varied with various operating parameters. Alicyclobacillus and Tuberibacillus showed positive correlations with the removal efficiencies (REs) of chlorinated compounds, H2S, aromatic compounds, volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs), and organic acids. The correlations of Rhodanobacter, Gemmatimonas, Flavisolibacter and Sphingomonas were strongly positive with ammonia RE and relatively positive with REs of organic acids, VOSCs, and aromatic compounds. These findings are instrumental in understanding the relationship between the structure of microbial communities and odor removal performances, and in developing techniques for in-situ odor control at landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ding
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China.
| | - Junsheng Xiong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China; Hubei Academy of Environmental Sciences, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Bowei Zhou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China
| | - Jiaojiao Wei
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China
| | - Aiai Qian
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China
| | - Hangjun Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China
| | - Weiqin Zhu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310016, PR China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, AR 72701, USA.
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Cai B, Lou Z, Wang J, Geng Y, Sarkis J, Liu J, Gao Q. CH 4 mitigation potentials from China landfills and related environmental co-benefits. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaar8400. [PMID: 29978044 PMCID: PMC6031376 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aar8400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
China's CH4 emissions from 1955 existing (old) and 495 planned (new) landfills are estimated and projected by adopting a bottom-up method, targeting a 2012 baseline year and a 2030 projected target year. Nine key CH4 mitigation measures are proposed for the CH4 mitigation assessment from landfills. Approximately 0.66 million metric tons (Mt) of CH4 and 1.14 Mt of CH4 will be released, respectively, from new and existing landfills under a 2030 business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, which is 23.5% lower than a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimation. It is estimated that 0.60 and 0.97 Mt of CH4 can be reduced under new policies (NP) and low-carbon (LC) policy scenarios, respectively. The combined biocover and landfill gas collection and flaring system is the most promising mitigation measure, while mechanical biological treatment and mineral landfill also contribute substantially to CH4 reduction. The odor-affected population under NP and LC scenarios will decrease by 39.5 and 64.2%, respectively, when compared to the 2030 BAU scenario. The LC scenario is a recommended policy for meeting China's nationally determined contribution targets and reducing the not-in-my-backyard impact due to this policy's significant reduction of CH4 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bofeng Cai
- Center for Climate Change and Environmental Policy, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Ziyang Lou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
- China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinnan Wang
- Center for Climate Change and Environmental Policy, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yong Geng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
- China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Joseph Sarkis
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609–2280, USA
| | - Jianguo Liu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingxian Gao
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Raga R, Pivato A, Lavagnolo MC, Megido L, Cossu R. Methane oxidation and attenuation of sulphur compounds in landfill top cover systems: Lab-scale tests. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 65:317-326. [PMID: 29548403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a top cover system is investigated as a control for emissions during the aftercare of new landfills and for old landfills where biogas energy production might not be profitable. Different materials were studied as landfill cover system in lab-scale columns: mechanical-biological pretreated municipal solid waste (MBP); mechanical-biological pretreated biowaste (PB); fine (PBSf) and coarse (PBSc) mechanical-biological pretreated mixtures of biowaste and sewage sludge, and natural soil (NS). The effectiveness of these materials in removing methane and sulphur compounds from a gas stream was tested, even coupled with activated carbon membranes. Concentrations of CO2, CH4, O2, N2, H2S and mercaptans were analysed at different depths along the columns. Methane degradation was assessed using mass balance and the results were expressed in terms of methane oxidation rate (MOR). The highest maximum and mean MOR were observed for MBP (17.2gCH4/m2/hr and 10.3gCH4/m2/hr, respectively). Similar values were obtained with PB and PBSc. The lowest values of MOR were obtained for NS (6.7gCH4/m2/hr) and PBSf (3.6gCH4/m2/hr), which may be due to their low organic content and void index, respectively. Activated membranes with high load capacity did not seem to have an influence on the methane oxidation process: MBP coupled with 220g/m2 and 360g/m2 membranes gave maximum MOR of 16.5gCH4/m2/hr and 17.4gCH4/m2/hr, respectively. Activated carbon membranes proved to be very effective on H2S adsorption. Furthermore, carbonyl sulphide, ethyl mercaptan and isopropyl mercaptan seemed to be easily absorbed by the filling materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Raga
- DII - Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Marzolo n 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Pivato
- DII - Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Marzolo n 9, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Lavagnolo
- DII - Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Marzolo n 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Megido
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic School of Engineering, Gijón Campus, University of Oviedo, 33203 Gijón, Spain
| | - Raffaello Cossu
- DII - Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Marzolo n 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Xie M, Leung AK, Ng CWW. Mechanisms of hydrogen sulfide removal by ground granulated blast furnace slag amended soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 175:425-430. [PMID: 28236711 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) amended soil has been found able to remove gaseous hydrogen sulfide (H2S). However, how H2S is removed by GGBS amended soil and why GGBS amended soil can be regenerated to remove H2S are not fully understood. In this study, laboratory column tests together with chemical analysis were conducted to investigate and reveal the mechanisms of H2S removal process in GGBS amended soil. Sulfur products formed on the surface of soil particle and in pore water were quantified. The test results reveal that the reaction between H2S and GGBS amended soil was a combined process of oxidation and acid-base reaction. The principal mechanism to remove H2S in GGBS amended soil was through the formation of acid volatile sulfide (AVS), elemental sulfur and thiosulfate. Soil pH value decreased gradually during regeneration and reuse cycles. It is found that the AVS plays a significant role in H2S removal during regeneration and reuse cycles. Adding GGBS increased the production of AVS and at the same time suppressed the formation of elemental sulfur. This mechanism is found to be more prominent when the soil water content is higher, leading to increased removal capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Xie
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Anthony Kwan Leung
- Division of Civil Engineering, University of Dundee, DD1 4HN, United Kingdom.
| | - Charles Wang Wai Ng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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7
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Fang Y, Zhong Z, Shen D, Du Y, Xu J, Long Y. Endogenous mitigation of H2S inside of the landfills. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:2505-2512. [PMID: 26423286 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5482-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vast quantities of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emitted from landfill sites require urgent disposal. The current study focused on source control and examined the migration and conversion behavior of sulfur compounds in two lab-scale simulated landfills with different operation modes. It aimed to explore the possible strategies and mechanisms for H2S endogenous mitigation inside of landfills during decomposition. It was found that the strength of H2S emissions from the landfill sites was dependent on the municipal solid waste (MSW) degradation speed and vertical distribution of sulfide. Leachate recirculation can shorten both the H2S influence period and pollution risk to the surrounding environment. H2S endogenous mitigation may be achieved by chemical oxidation, biological oxidation, adsorption, and/or precipitation in different stages. Migration and conversion mainly affected H2S release behavior during the initial stabilization phase in the landfill. Microbial activities related to sulfur, nitrogen, and iron can further promote H2S endogenous mitigation during the high reducing phase. Thus, H2S endogenous mitigation can be effectively enhanced via control of the aforementioned processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Zhong Zhong
- Zhejiang Environmental Science and Design Institute, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Dongsheng Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yao Du
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yuyang Long
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
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Powell JT, Jain P, Smith J, Townsend TG, Tolaymat TM. Does Disposing of Construction and Demolition Debris in Unlined Landfills Impact Groundwater Quality? Evidence from 91 Landfill Sites in Florida. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:9029-9036. [PMID: 26130423 PMCID: PMC7534698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
More than 1,500 construction and demolition debris (CDD) landfills operate in the United States (U.S.), and U.S. federal regulations do not require containment features such as low-permeability liners and leachate collection systems for these facilities. Here we evaluate groundwater quality from samples collected in groundwater monitoring networks at 91 unlined, permitted CDD landfills in Florida, U.S. A total of 460,504 groundwater sample results were analyzed, with a median of 10 years of quarterly or semiannual monitoring data per site including more than 400 different chemical constituents. Downgradient concentrations of total dissolved solids, sulfate, chloride, iron, ammonia-nitrogen, and aluminum were greater than upgradient concentrations (p < 0.05). At downgradient wells where sulfate concentrations were greater than 150 mg/L (approximately 10% of the maximum dissolved sulfate concentration in water, which suggests the presence of leachate from the landfill), iron and arsenic were detected in 91% and 43% of samples, with median concentrations of 1,900 μg/L and 11 μg/L, respectively. These results show that although health-based standards can be exceeded at unlined CDD landfills, the magnitude of detected chemical concentrations is generally small and reflective of leached minerals from components (wood, concrete, and gypsum drywall) that comprise the bulk of discarded CDD by mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon T. Powell
- Corresponding author. Current address: Yale University, 380 Edwards St., New Haven, CT 06511, USA. Tel.: +1 352 682 4007, Fax: +1-352-331-4842,
| | - Pradeep Jain
- Innovative Waste Consulting Services, LLC, 6628 NW 9 Blvd. Suite 3, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Justin Smith
- Innovative Waste Consulting Services, LLC, 6628 NW 9 Blvd. Suite 3, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA
| | - Timothy G. Townsend
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, P.O. BOX 116450, Gainesville, FL 32611-6450, USA
| | - Thabet M. Tolaymat
- Land and Nanotechnology Research, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King St., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA
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