1
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Zhang C, Ma J, Shen J, Jiao D, Chen J, Wu X, Wang L. Gas explosion characteristics and spray control mechanism in underground square. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0293421. [PMID: 38656963 PMCID: PMC11042696 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The spray system mechanism during a gas explosion in an underground square pipeline is complex. In this paper, the underground square of Fuxin City is selected as the research object. FLACS numerical simulation software is used to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of a gas explosion in an underground square pipeline with an unopened spray system using combustion and combustion rate models. Different spray pressures were compared and analyzed to determine the optimal spray control pressure, and the spray system mechanism was clarified. The results revealed that the gas explosion overpressure is divided into the overpressure gentle, overpressure rising, and overpressure decay stages, corresponding to a trend of rapid growth and slow decline. The influence of spray pressure on the gas explosion exhibits a promotion-inhibition-promotion trend, corresponding to 0-0.2 MPa, 0.2-0.6 MPa, and 0.6-1.6 Mpa, respectively. The peak overpressure and overpressure propagation rates are the lowest at 0.6 MPa, and the explosion suppression effect is the most pronounced. The spray system mechanism varies with the explosion overpressure stages. Generally, the time to peak value, that is, the peak time, the overall duration of the explosion, and the duration of the explosion stage decrease, whereas the peak explosion overpressure decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Zhang
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China
- Key Laboratory of Mine Thermodynamic Disasters and Control of Ministry of Education (Liaoning Technical University), Fuxin, China
| | - Jingyu Ma
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China
- Key Laboratory of Mine Thermodynamic Disasters and Control of Ministry of Education (Liaoning Technical University), Fuxin, China
| | - Jiahui Shen
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China
- Key Laboratory of Mine Thermodynamic Disasters and Control of Ministry of Education (Liaoning Technical University), Fuxin, China
| | - Dengming Jiao
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China
- Key Laboratory of Mine Thermodynamic Disasters and Control of Ministry of Education (Liaoning Technical University), Fuxin, China
| | - Jinquan Chen
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China
- Key Laboratory of Mine Thermodynamic Disasters and Control of Ministry of Education (Liaoning Technical University), Fuxin, China
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, China
- Key Laboratory of Mine Thermodynamic Disasters and Control of Ministry of Education (Liaoning Technical University), Fuxin, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Fuxin Honglin Mining (Group) Co., Ltd, Fuxin, Liaoning, China
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2
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Dong X, Deng L, Su Y, Han X, Yao S, Wu W, Cao J, Tian L, Bai Y, Wang G, Ren W. Curcumin alleviates traumatic brain injury induced by gas explosion through modulating gut microbiota and suppressing the LPS/TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:1094-1113. [PMID: 38032526 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Gas explosions (GE) are a prevalent and widespread cause of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in coal miners. However, the impact and mechanism of curcumin on GE-induced TBI in rats remain unclear. In this study, we simulated GE-induced TBI in rats and administered curcumin orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg every other day for 7 days to modulate the gut microbiota in TBI rats. We employed 16S rRNA sequencing and LC-MS/MS metabolomic analysis to investigate changes in the intestinal flora and its metabolic profile. Additionally, we utilized ELISA, protein assays, and immunohistochemistry to assess neuroinflammatory signaling molecules for validation. In a rat TBI model, GE resulted in weight loss, pathological abnormalities, and cortical hemorrhage. Treatment with curcumin significantly mitigated histological abnormalities and microscopic mitochondrial structural changes in brain tissue. Furthermore, curcumin treatment markedly ameliorated GE-induced brain dysfunction by reducing the levels of several neuroinflammatory signaling molecules, including neuron-specific enolase, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and cryptothermic protein 3. Notably, curcumin reshaped the gut microbiome by enhancing evenness, richness, and composition. Prevotella_9, Alloprevotella, Bacilli, Lactobacillales, Proteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria were identified as prominent members of the gut microbiota, increasing the linear discriminant analysis scores and specifically enhancing the abundance of bacteria involved in the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway, such as Lachnospiraceae and Roseburia. Additionally, there were substantial alterations in serum metabolites associated with metabolic NF-κB signaling pathways in the model group. Curcumin administration reduced serum lipopolysaccharide levels and downregulated downstream Toll-like receptor (TLR)4/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/NF-κB signaling. Furthermore, curcumin alleviated GE-induced TBI in rats by modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites. Based on these protective effects, curcumin may exert its influence on the gut microbiota and the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways to ameliorate GE-induced TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Dong
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Lvfei Deng
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Yaguang Su
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Sanqiao Yao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Linqiang Tian
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Yichun Bai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Guizhi Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Street Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China.
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3
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Jia Q, Si R, Wang L, Li Z, Xue S. Influence of initial gas concentration on methane-air mixtures explosion characteristics and implications for safety management. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13519. [PMID: 37598244 PMCID: PMC10439923 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gas explosions, particularly those involving methane-air mixtures, present considerable hazards in confined spaces, such as coal mines. Comprehending the explosion characteristics and their correlations with initial gas concentrations is vital for devising effective safety measures. This study examines the influence of initial gas concentration on explosion temperature, overpressure, and flame evolution in methane-air premixed gas explosions, utilizing a custom-built 20-L spherical explosion experimental apparatus. The explosion temperatures display an oscillatory pattern, reaching maximum values at 6.5%, 9.5%, and 12% initial gas concentrations, with corresponding temperatures of 995 K, 932 K, and 1153 K. The maximum overpressure exhibits an initial rise and fall trend, modeled by an exponential function. Notably, in proximity to the 9.5% concentration, the pressure wave fosters the reverse propagation of the flame wave, leading to a secondary temperature increase. Flame sensors were employed to investigate the presence, absence, and duration of flames, demonstrating that elevated initial gas concentrations resulted in more prolonged flame durations and increased harm. At an initial gas concentration of 9.5%, a persistent flame is generated instantaneously during the explosion. Furthermore, the study analyzes the interplay between temperature and overpressure, underscoring the significance of mitigating high-temperature burns near tunnel walls and enclosed spaces. These findings advance the understanding of gas explosion dynamics and hold substantial implications for safety measures in coal mines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quansheng Jia
- China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Chongqing Research Institute, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Petroleum, Oil & Lubricants Department in Army Logistics Academy of PLA, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Rongjun Si
- China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Chongqing Research Institute, Chongqing, 400037, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Chongqing Research Institute, Chongqing, 400037, China
- Petroleum, Oil & Lubricants Department in Army Logistics Academy of PLA, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Zhongbei Li
- School of Civil, Mining, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
| | - Shaoqian Xue
- China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Chongqing Research Institute, Chongqing, 400037, China
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4
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Wang J, Li Y, Liu G, Zheng L, Pan R, Lu C, Wang Y. Effects of combined porous media on quenching and re-ignition characteristics of methane/air premixed combustion in a duct. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2023.105031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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5
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Wang Y, Yang J, He J, Wen X, Ji W, Wang Y. Inhibition Effect of KHCO 3 and KH 2PO 4 on Ethylene Explosion. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:7566-7574. [PMID: 36872980 PMCID: PMC9979324 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The explosion risk of ethylene (C2H4) seriously hinders safe development of its production and processing. To reduce the harm caused by C2H4 explosion, an experimental study was conducted to assess the explosion inhibition characteristics of KHCO3 and KH2PO4 powders. The experiments were conducted based on the explosion overpressure and flame propagation of the 6.5% C2H4-air mixture in a 5 L semi-closed explosion duct. Both the physical and chemical inhibition characteristics of the inhibitors were mechanistically assessed. The results showed that the 6.5% C2H4 explosion pressure (P ex) decreases by increasing the concentration of KHCO3 or KH2PO4 powder. The inhibition effect of KHCO3 powder on the C2H4 system explosion pressure was better than that of the KH2PO4 powder under similar concentration conditions. Both powders significantly affected the flame propagation of the C2H4 explosion. Compared with KH2PO4 powder, KHCO3 powder had a better inhibition effect on the flame propagation speed, but its ability to reduce the flame luminance was less than KH2PO4 powder. Finally, the inhibition mechanism(s) of KHCO3 and KH2PO4 powders were revealed based on the powders' thermal characteristics and gas-phase reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- State
Key Laboratory Cultivation Bases for Gas Geology and Gas Control,
College of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
- The
Collaboration Innovation Center of Coal Safety Production of Henan
Province, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - JingJing Yang
- State
Key Laboratory Cultivation Bases for Gas Geology and Gas Control,
College of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
- The
Collaboration Innovation Center of Coal Safety Production of Henan
Province, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - Jia He
- State
Key Laboratory Cultivation Bases for Gas Geology and Gas Control,
College of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
- The
Collaboration Innovation Center of Coal Safety Production of Henan
Province, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - XiaoPing Wen
- School
of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan
Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - WenTao Ji
- State
Key Laboratory Cultivation Bases for Gas Geology and Gas Control,
College of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
- The
Collaboration Innovation Center of Coal Safety Production of Henan
Province, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State
Key Laboratory Cultivation Bases for Gas Geology and Gas Control,
College of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
- The
Collaboration Innovation Center of Coal Safety Production of Henan
Province, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
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6
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Wang Q, Ma C, Deng J, Luo Z, Shu CM, Gao W, Min R, Jin S, Chen J. Gas explosion suppression by ammonium dihydrogen phosphate-modified dry water powder. POWDER TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2023.118228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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7
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Dong X, Deng L, Yao S, Wu W, Cao J, Sun L, Bai Y, Li H, Weng X, Ren H, Ren W. Protective effects of curcumin against thyroid hormone imbalance after gas explosion-induced traumatic brain injury via activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in male rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:74619-74631. [PMID: 35641736 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20943-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gas explosion (GE)-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) can affect thyroid hormone (TH) homeostasis in miners. This study evaluated the effects of hepatic transthyretin and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis on thyroids and explored the protective effect and mechanism of curcumin on GE-induced TBI. Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups (10 per group): first group (control group)-rats received GE treatment once; second group (GE group)-rats received GE treatment (200 m from the source of the explosion once); third group (GE + Cur group)-rats received curcumin (Cur) by lavage at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day once every other day for 7 days after receiving GE. After GE, the pathological changes were analyzed by hemotoxylin and eosin staining, and the levels of serum reactive oxygen species (ROS), urine iodine (UI), THs, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed using ELISA. Expression of proteins in the HPT axis of rats was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. We found that GE could induce pathologic changes in rat thyroid and liver. Serum levels of THs, NF-κB and serum redox state became unbalanced in rats after GE. GE could inhibit the biosynthesis and biotransformation of THs by affecting key HPT axis proteins. Additionally, GE reduced the level of hepatic transthyretin. Serum THs levels and thyroid sections were almost recovered to normal after curcumin treatment. The aforementioned key HPT axis proteins in the curcumin group showed opposite expression trends. In summary, GE affected THs balance while curcumin can protect against these injury effects by affecting TH biosynthesis, biotransformation, and transport, and inducing oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Dong
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Lvfei Deng
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Sanqiao Yao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yichun Bai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Haibin Li
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xiaogang Weng
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Houcheng Ren
- Department of Human Resources, Sanquan College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453000, Henan, China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Institutes of Health Central Plains, Xinxiang Medical University, 601 Jinsui Street , Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
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8
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Nie W, Guo L, Yu H, Liu Q, Hua Y, Xue Q, Sun N. Study on dust-gas coupling pollution law and selection of optimal purification distance of air duct during tunneling process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:74097-74117. [PMID: 35643998 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20995-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
During the excavation of high gas mine, gas and dust often exist at the same time. In order to ensure that the gas concentration remains within a safe range and minimize the risk of workers' pneumoconiosis, we simulated the interaction mechanism of airflow, gas, and dust, explored the pollution law of gas and dust, and obtained the optimal purification distance (Lp) by the CFD method. The reliability of the numerical simulation was verified by field measurements. Firstly, the properties of the gas and dust affected the structure of the airflow field. At the same time, the change in the airflow field affected the concentration distributions of the gas and dust. During the diffusion process, some high-risk regions in which the gas or dust concentrations exceeded 0.80% or 200 mg/m3, respectively, were discovered. Moreover, we have found that the airflow velocity in the top region of the tunnel and at the intersection corner between the cutting face and tunnel wall was the main factor affecting the purification effects. When Lp = 5-8 m, the gas concentration remained below 0.50%. When Lp = 6 m, the dust concentration reached a minimum of 287.5 mg/m3. Therefore, the optimal purification distance was determined to be 6 m; in which case, the gas and dust concentrations decreased by 32.84% and 47.02%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Nie
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-found by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
- CSIRO Energy, 10 Murray Dwyer Circuit, Mayfield West, NSW, 2304, Australia
| | - Lidian Guo
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-found by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Hai Yu
- CSIRO Energy, 10 Murray Dwyer Circuit, Mayfield West, NSW, 2304, Australia
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-found by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
- College of Energy and Mining Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Yun Hua
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-found by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Qianqian Xue
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-found by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Ning Sun
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-found by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
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9
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Liu W, Xu X, Mu C. Experimental Study on Two-Phase Explosion Suppression of Gas/Pulverized Coal by Explosion Suppressant. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:16644-16652. [PMID: 35601312 PMCID: PMC9118392 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pulverized coal is widely distributed in coal mine roadways, which can enhance the power of a gas explosion. Explosion suppression technology can effectively reduce the explosion power. At present, rock powder shed, a water bag, and ABC powder are widely used in most coal mine explosion suppression technologies. In order to verify the explosion suppression effect of rock powder, water, and ABC powder in the pulverized coal environment, a series of experiments on a suppressing gas/pulverized coal two-phase explosion were carried out with a self-built large-scale gas explosion experimental system. The experimental study in this paper can provide some reference for the improvement of explosion suppression technology in coal mines. In this paper, through the suppression of a secondary explosion, flame, and impact of pulverized coal, the explosion suppression effects of three kinds of explosion suppressants are comprehensively analyzed. The results show that rock powder has a good inhibitory effect on a secondary explosion and flame of pulverized coal, and water has a good inhibitory effect on the shock wave. ABC powder has the best explosion suppression effect; the inhibition of a secondary explosion of pulverized coal is 4.17 times that of rock powder, the inhibition of flame is 4.28 times that of rock powder, and the inhibition of shock wave is 2.24 times that of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Institute
of Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People’s Republic
of China
- Institute
of Defense Engineering, PLA Academy of Military
Science, Beijing 1000356, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyun Xu
- Institute
of Defense Engineering, PLA Academy of Military
Science, Beijing 1000356, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaomin Mu
- State
Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control
in Deep Coal Mines, Anhui University of
Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, People’s Republic
of China
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10
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Huang J, Liu Z, Li M, Sun Y. Study on deflagration process of LPG/DME blended combustible gas cloud in open space. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2022.104732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Technology Behavior Model—Beyond Your Sight with Extended Reality in Surgery. APPLIED SYSTEM INNOVATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/asi5020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Extended Reality Smart Glasses is a new pattern that uses extended reality technology to present a visual environment that combines the physical and virtual worlds. However, the surgical technique using Smart Glasses implementation is still unknown, to the infancy in clinical surgery, derived to the limits of existing technology. This study researched the acceptability and possibility of XRSG for medical experts. It combines human seen behavioral control with information technology research to construct a new “Extended Reality Technology Behavior Model” using method Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Planned Behavior. To improve the accuracy of the study, statistical analysis, exploratory analysis, and cross-sectional research triangulation were used to collect data in five hospitals in Malaysia using a convenience sampling method and a questionnaire on behavioral influences. From the collected data, PLS-SEM analysis was used to reflect the relationship between variables. The strong positive results suggest that using XRSG by medical experts helps to improve the composition, interactivity, standardization, and clarity of medical images, resulting in increased efficiency and reduced procedure time and felt the usefulness and ease of use of XRSG through their behavior, providing a basis for technology acceptance in surgery.
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12
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Study on Inhibition Characteristics of Composite Structure with High-Temperature Heat Pipe and Metal Foam on Gas Explosion. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15031135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The hazards caused by gas explosion are mainly due to high temperatures and shock waves. It is of great practical significance to explore a device that can restrain these two hazards at the same time. Through the establishment of the gas explosion calculation model, a numerical analysis of the flame propagation in the three types of pipelines, including the empty pipe, the single metal foam pipe, and the high-temperature heat pipe metal foam composite structure, was carried out. The numerical results are compared with the relevant experimental results. The accuracy, rationality, and accuracy of the calculation model is verified. The research results show that that the gas explosion flame propagation develops fastest and accelerates in the empty pipe, followed by a single metal foam pipe. The gas explosion flame in the pipe with the high-temperature heat pipe metal foam composite structure develops the slowest. The composite structure composed of the high-temperature heat pipe and metal foam is an obvious choice to attenuate the temperature and overpressure of gas explosion. The high-temperature heat pipe can rapidly transmit heat in the form of phase change, and metal foam can effectively reduce the explosion pressure wave. The composite structure with the high-temperature heat pipe, and metal foam, destroys the coupling between flame and pressure wave, which acts as a barrier to explosion. It can effectively reduce the energy of flammable and explosive gas in the rear part of the pipeline and restrain the occurrence of the two explosions. The research results provide a scientific basis for the technical application of new, effective anti-explosion devices in coal mines.
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13
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Guo C, Jiang S, Shao H, Wang K, Wu Z. Suppression effect and mechanism of fly ash on gas explosions. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2021.104643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Liu W, Mu C, Li Z. Influence of cavity structure on gas explosion characteristics in coal mine. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.117084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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15
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Li A, Si J, Zhou X. Experimental Research on Rapid Fire Zone Sealing and Explosion Venting Characteristics of an Explosion Venting Door Using a Large-Diameter Explosion Pipeline. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27536-27545. [PMID: 34693174 PMCID: PMC8529660 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To study the law of influence of an explosion venting door on gas explosion characteristics and verify its venting effect and fast sealing performance, a large-sized explosion pipeline experimental system was used. The gas explosion tests were carried out under the conditions of 5.5, 7.5, 9.5, and 11.5% gas concentration. The gas explosion characteristic parameters were measured by a data acquisition system. The laws of change in characteristic parameters and the flame-proof effect were analyzed. The results showed that the pressure peak was attenuated by 42.25, 50.54, 53.27, and 52.88% under the aforementioned four working conditions. As the gas volume fraction increased, the peak explosion pressure decayed as a quadratic function, and the average closing time of the fire zone was 13 h. This showed that the explosion venting door had significant explosion venting characteristics and the function of quickly closing the fire zone. The law of temperature change was basically the same, no matter how the gas concentration changed, and the explosion venting door had no inhibitory effect on the gas explosion flame. Under the four operating conditions, the maximum average values of the flame propagation speed were 103.56, 105.73, 136.67, and 138.34 m/s. The results of the study provide theoretical support for explosion-proof technology and emergency rescue technology in coal mines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- School
of Emergency Technology and Management, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing 101601, China
| | - Junhong Si
- School
of Emergency Technology and Management, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Beijing 101601, China
| | - Xihua Zhou
- College
of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning
Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
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Liang G, Dai H, Yin H, Zhao Q, Chen X. Inhibition characteristics of coal dust explosion at the gasification atmosphere. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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17
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Sun K, Zhang Q. Experimental study of the explosion characteristics of isopropyl nitrate aerosol under high-temperature ignition source. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 415:125634. [PMID: 34088173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Experimental methods and results of aerosol explosion under high-temperature ignition source have not yet been reported. An explosion test system for aerosol explosion at high-temperature source was established in this study. Through a series of experiments carried out in a 20 L confined vessel, explosion characteristics of isopropyl nitrate (IPN) aerosol under high-temperature ignition source were obtained and the results discussed. The explosion pressure-time history of IPN aerosol under high-temperature ignition was found to have a "double peak" structure produced in the first and second explosion respectively. The second peak of the explosion pressure is 3-5 times that of the first. The peak of explosion pressure at electric spark ignition is higher, compared with the second peak of the explosion pressure at high-temperature ignition for the IPN aerosol with the same equivalence ratio, but both are not significantly different. The maximum rate of pressure rise in the first explosion of IPN aerosol at high-temperature ignition is clearly larger than that at electric spark ignition. The maximum rate of explosion pressure rise at electric spark ignition is slightly higher than that in the second explosion at high-temperature ignition for the IPN aerosol with the same equivalence ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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18
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A product analysis-based study on the mechanism of inflammable gas explosion suppression. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2020.104311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Su B, Luo Z, Wang T, Xie C, Cheng F. Chemical kinetic behaviors at the chain initiation stage of CH 4/H 2/air mixture. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123680. [PMID: 33264879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To intensively investigate chemical kinetic behaviors at the initial stage of CH4/H2/air mixture thoroughly, the density functional theory (CAMB3LYP/6-31 G) and a detailed mechanism (GRI-Mech3.0) were used to obtain kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. The reaction paths during the explosion process were analyzed, and the reaction rates of elementary reactions were compared with different ratios of CH4/H2/air mixture. The key reactions at the initiation stage of CH4/H2/air mixture explosion were determined, and their configurations were optimized. The reaction mechanism, reaction channel and configuration parameters of key reactions were obtained, which was verified by the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) theory. Results show that H2 addition increases the laminar burning velocity, while it shortens the ignition delay time of H2/CH4/air mixture. The addition of hydrogen greatly accelerated the explosion reaction from sample 1 to sample 4. Moreover, CH4 still plays a key role at the chain initiation stage in H2/CH4/air mixture system; the addition of H2 would not compete with CH4 for triggering the explosion reaction, nor will it suppress the explosion of CH4. H2 could not replace or take precedence over the chain branching reactant (CH2O) of CH4 explosion to react with O2. Besides, H2 takes precedence over CH4 in the process of chain transfer after the chain reaction beginning, although CH4 has a distinct advantage in the chain initiation stage. The present results can provide theoretical guidance for the prevention and control of gas explosion, which may effectively reduce the explosion hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Su
- School of Safety Science & Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd., Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhenmin Luo
- School of Safety Science & Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd., Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Coal Fire, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Industrial Process Safety & Emergency Rescue, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd., Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Postdoctoral Program, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd., Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Chao Xie
- School of Safety Science & Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd., Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Fangming Cheng
- School of Safety Science & Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd., Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Coal Fire, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Industrial Process Safety & Emergency Rescue, 58, Yanta Mid. Rd., Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR China
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Cheng F, Chang Z, Luo Z, Liu C, Wang T, He C. Large eddy simulation and experimental study of the effect of wire mesh on flame behaviours of methane/air explosions in a semi-confined pipe. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2020.104258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Evaluation of Gas Explosion Injury Based on Analysis of Rat Serum Profile by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabonomics Techniques. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8645869. [PMID: 32775446 PMCID: PMC7407032 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8645869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gas explosion can lead to serious global public health issues. Early period gas explosion injury (GEI) can induce a series of histopathologic and specific metabolic changes. Unfortunately, it is difficult to treat GEI thoroughly. To date, the specific molecular mechanism of GEI is still unclear. To accurately diagnose and provide comprehensive clinical intervention, we performed a global analysis of metabolic alterations involved in GEI. The physiological and behavioral indicators' changes of rats after gas explosion were observed. These metabolic alterations were first investigated in a rat model using serum metabonomics techniques and multivariate statistical analysis. Significant heart rate (HR), mean blood pressure (mBP), and neurobehavioral index changes were observed in the GEI group after gas explosion. UPLC-MS revealed evident separated clustering between the control and GEI groups using supervised partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). We designed an integrated metabonomics study for identifying reliable biomarkers of GEI using a time-course analysis of discriminating metabolites in this experiment. The metabonomics analysis showed alterations in a number of biomarkers (21 from serum). The meaningful biomarkers of GEI provide new insights into the pathophysiological changes and molecular mechanisms of GEI, including the disturbances in oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory reaction, as well as in metabolism of lipids, glucose, and amino acids in rats, suggesting that the process of GEI in humans is likely to be comprehensive and dynamic. Correlations between the GEI group and the biomarkers identified from the rat model will be further explored to elucidate the metabolic pathways responsible for GEI in the human body.
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Tian LQ, Guo ZH, Meng WZ, Li L, Zhang Y, Yin XH, Lai F, Li YY, Feng LL, Shen FF, Sun ZZ, Yao SQ, Wu WD, Weng XG, Ren WJ. The abnormalities of coagulation and fibrinolysis in acute lung injury caused by gas explosion. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 36:929-936. [PMID: 32643870 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) caused by gas explosion is common, and warrants research on the underlying mechanisms. Specifically, the role of abnormalities of coagulation and fibrinolysis in this process has not been defined. It was hypothesized that the abnormal coagulation and fibrinolysis promoted ALI caused by gas explosion. Based on the presence of ALI, 74 cases of gas explosion injury were divided into the ALI and non-ALI groups. The results of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB), and platelet count (PLT) were collected within 24 hours and compared between the groups. ALI models caused by gas explosion were established in Sprague Dawley rats, and injuries were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and histopathological scoring. Moreover, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected to examine thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), tissue factor (TF), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The patients in ALI group had shorter PT and longer APTT, raised concentration of FIB and decreased number of PLT, as compared to the non-ALI group. In ALI rats, the HE staining revealed red blood cells in alveoli and interstitial thickening within 2 hours which peaked at 72 hours. The levels of TAT/TF in the BALF increased continually until the seventh day, while the PAI-1 was raised after 24 hours and 7 days. The TFPI was elevated after 2 hours and 24 hours, and then decreased after 72 hours. Abnormalities in coagulation and fibrinolysis in lung tissues play a role in ALI caused by gas explosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Qiang Tian
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Guo
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wei-Zheng Meng
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Long Li
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiao-Hang Yin
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Feng Lai
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan-Yan Li
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Li-Li Feng
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fang-Fang Shen
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhen-Zhou Sun
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - San-Qiao Yao
- Public Health College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wei-Dong Wu
- Public Health College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Weng
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wen-Jie Ren
- Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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Xu C, Nie W, Yang S, Peng H, Liu Z, Ma Q, Guo C, Liu Q. Numerical simulation of the multi-index orthogonal experiments on the spray dust-settling devices. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2020.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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24
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Yin S, Nie W, Guo L, Liu Q, Hua Y, Cai X, Cheng L, Yang B, Zhou W. CFD simulations of air curtain dust removal effect by ventilation parameters during tunneling. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Numerical study on hydrodynamics and explosion hazards of corn starch at high-temperature environments. POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Li G, Wang X, Xu H, Liu Y, Zhang H. Experimental study on explosion characteristics of ethanol gasoline-air mixture and its mitigation using heptafluoropropane. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 378:120711. [PMID: 31202070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol gasoline is being widely used as a new environmentally friendly and energy-saving alternative energy, and the control/reduction of its fire/explosion risk has become an important aspect, not only for its production and storage, but also for its transport and application. This study aims to investigate the explosion characteristics of ethanol gasoline and its mitigation using heptafluoropropane in a restricted vessel. The flame propagation was visualized using a Phantom high-speed camera at 3000 fps, the explosion overpressure was measured using PCB pressure sensors, and the gas released from the vent was collected and analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. The results indicate that heptafluoropropane has a good suppression effect on the flame propagation speed and the explosion overpressure. The maximum overpressure of an ethanol gasoline explosion is approximately 456 kPa, and the overpressure reduction exceeds 60% when the concentration of heptafluoropropane addition is 10%, whereas an explosion is completely mitigated when the concentration of heptafluoropropane continuously increases. In addition, different flame colors during the mitigation process, such as blue, yellow, and purple, were observed and analyzed. The results of this study will be valuable for further understanding ethanol gasoline explosion mitigation and designing optimum heptafluoropropane explosion mitigation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochun Li
- State key laboratory of fire science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Xishi Wang
- State key laboratory of fire science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China.
| | - Hongli Xu
- The Civil Engineering School, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Yangpeng Liu
- State key laboratory of fire science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Heping Zhang
- State key laboratory of fire science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
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