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Khan MJ, Wibowo A, Karim Z, Posoknistakul P, Matsagar BM, Wu KCW, Sakdaronnarong C. Wastewater Treatment Using Membrane Bioreactor Technologies: Removal of Phenolic Contaminants from Oil and Coal Refineries and Pharmaceutical Industries. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:443. [PMID: 38337332 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Huge amounts of noxious chemicals from coal and petrochemical refineries and pharmaceutical industries are released into water bodies. These chemicals are highly toxic and cause adverse effects on both aquatic and terrestrial life. The removal of hazardous contaminants from industrial effluents is expensive and environmentally driven. The majority of the technologies applied nowadays for the removal of phenols and other contaminants are based on physio-chemical processes such as solvent extraction, chemical precipitation, and adsorption. The removal efficiency of toxic chemicals, especially phenols, is low with these technologies when the concentrations are very low. Furthermore, the major drawbacks of these technologies are the high operation costs and inadequate selectivity. To overcome these limitations, researchers are applying biological and membrane technologies together, which are gaining more attention because of their ease of use, high selectivity, and effectiveness. In the present review, the microbial degradation of phenolics in combination with intensified membrane bioreactors (MBRs) has been discussed. Important factors, including the origin and mode of phenols' biodegradation as well as the characteristics of the membrane bioreactors for the optimal removal of phenolic contaminants from industrial effluents are considered. The modifications of MBRs for the removal of phenols from various wastewater sources have also been addressed in this review article. The economic analysis on the cost and benefits of MBR technology compared with conventional wastewater treatments is discussed extensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Jahir Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Agung Wibowo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Zoheb Karim
- MoRe Research Örnsköldsvik AB, SE-89122 Örnsköldsvik, Sweden
| | - Pattaraporn Posoknistakul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Babasaheb M Matsagar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kevin C-W Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan
| | - Chularat Sakdaronnarong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
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Mahmood Z, Tian M, Field R. Membrane design for extractive membrane bioreactor (EMBR): Mass transport, developments, and deployment. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Mosca Angelucci D, Donati E, Tomei MC. Extractive membrane bioreactor to detoxify industrial/hazardous landfill leachate and facilitate resource recovery. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150892. [PMID: 34653456 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate is a highly polluted and toxic waste stream harmful to the environment and human health, its biological treatment, even if challenging, offers the opportunity of recovering valuable resources. In this study, we propose the application of an extractive membrane bioreactor equipped with a polymeric tubing, made of Hytrel, as an innovative device able to remove specific organic toxic compounds of the leachate and, at the same time, to produce an effluent rich in valuable chemicals suitable for recovery. The leachate treatment consists in a two-step process: the extraction of specific toxic compounds through the polymeric tubing based on the affinity with the polymer, and their subsequent biodegradation in controlled conditions in the bulk phase of the extractive membrane bioreactor, thus avoiding the direct contact of the microbial consortium with the toxic leachate. Three synthetic streams simulating leachates produced by landfills of typical industrial/hazardous waste, mixed municipal and industrial solid waste, and oil shale industry waste, whose toxic fraction is mainly constituted by phenolic compounds, have been tested. Successful performance was achieved in all the tested conditions, with high removal (≥98%) and biodegradation efficiencies (89-95%) of the toxic compounds. No mass transfer limitations across the tubing occurred during the operation and a marginal accumulation (in the range of 4-7%) into the polymer has been observed. Furthermore, volatile fatty acids and inorganic compounds contained in the leachates were fully recovered in the treated effluent. Feasibility study confirmed the applicability of the proposed bioreactor as a powerful technology able to achieve high toxic removal efficiency in leachate treatment and facilitate resource recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Mosca Angelucci
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Donati
- Institute for Biological Systems, National Research Council (ISB-CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy
| | - M Concetta Tomei
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015, Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy.
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Tomei MC, Mosca Angelucci D, Daugulis AJ. Self-regenerating tubing bioreactor for removal of toxic substrates: Operational strategies in response to severe dynamic loading conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:138019. [PMID: 32213416 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A tubing TPPB (Two-Phase Partitioning Bioreactor) was operated with the objective of verifying the effective treatment of a phenolic synthetic wastewater with simultaneous polymeric tubing bioregeneration by introducing tubing effluent recycle and modifications to the Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT). 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP) was employed as the target substrate and the bioreactor was operated for a 3 month period under severe loading conditions (from 77 to 384 mg/L d) with HRT in the tubing in the range of 2-4 h. Tubing effluent recycle (recycle flow rate/influent flow rate ratio = 0.3) was applied when a loss of performance was detected arising from the increased load. For HRT values of 3 and 4 h, almost complete DCP removal was achieved after a few days (1-5) of operation while for the 2 h HRT (i.e. in the most severe loading condition) the DCP removal was ≥97%. A beneficial effect on the process performance arising from recycle application was evident for all the operating conditions investigated, and was confirmed by statistical analysis. Essentially complete polymer bioregeneration was achieved when the bioreactor was operated at the lowest HRT (i.e. 2 h), combined with the application of tubing effluent recycle. The results of this study highlighted several advantages of the tubing TPPB configuration in a comparative analysis of different regeneration options, including the possibility of operating continuously with simultaneous bioregeneration and without the need for additional units or operational steps and extra-energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Concetta Tomei
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy.
| | - Domenica Mosca Angelucci
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, 00015 Monterotondo Stazione, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrew J Daugulis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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Gede Wenten I, Friatnasary DL, Khoiruddin K, Setiadi T, Boopathy R. Extractive membrane bioreactor (EMBR): Recent advances and applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 297:122424. [PMID: 31784251 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Combining bioreactor and membrane, known as a membrane bioreactor (MBR), has been considered as an attractive strategy to solve the limitations of conventional activated sludge process, such as biological instability, poor sludge quality, and low concentration of mixed liquor suspended solid. Unlike the other MBRs, extractive membrane bioreactor (EMBR) focuses on enhancing the efficiency of wastewater treatment through toxic compounds extraction by using a selective membrane. Even though EMBR has been successfully demonstrated in wastewater and waste gas treatment by several studies, it still faces some obstacles such as biofilm formation and low selectivity of the membrane towards a specific component. Appropriate biofilm formation control strategies and membrane with high selectivity are needed to solve those problems. This paper reviews EMBR including its potential applications in wastewater treatment, denitrification process, and waste gas treatment. In addition, challenges and outlook of EMBR are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gede Wenten
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; Research Center for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Insitut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Dwi L Friatnasary
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - K Khoiruddin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - T Setiadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia; Center for Environmental Studies (PSLH), Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Sangkuriang 42A, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
| | - R Boopathy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, USA.
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