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Zhang J, Mei B, Chen H, Sun Z. Review on synthetic approaches and PEC activity performance of bismuth binary and mixed-anion compounds for potential applications in marine engineering. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:10376-10402. [PMID: 38809139 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01212g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) technology in marine engineering holds significant importance due to its potential to address various challenges in the marine environment. Currently, PEC-type applications in marine engineering offer numerous benefits, including sustainable energy generation, water desalination and treatment, photodetection, and communication. Finding novel efficient photoresponse semiconductors is of great significance for the development of PEC-type techniques in the marine space. Bismuth-based semiconductor materials possess suitable and tunable bandgap structures, high carrier mobility, low toxicity, and strong oxidation capacity, which gives them great potential for PEC-type applications in marine engineering. In this paper, the structure and properties of bismuth binary and mixed-anion semiconductors have been reviewed. Meanwhile, the recent progress and synthetic approaches were discussed from the point of view of the application prospects. Finally, the issues and challenges of bismuth binary and mixed-anion semiconductors in PEC-type photodetection and hydrogen generation are analyzed. Thus, this perspective will not only stimulate the further investigation and application of bismuth binary and mixed-anion semiconductors in marine engineering but also help related practitioners understand the recent progress and potential applications of bismuth binary and mixed-anion compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaji Zhang
- Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park, Wuhan University of Technology, Sanya 572025, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
- Birmingham Centre for Energy Storage & School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B152TT, UK
- Hainan Yourui Cohesion Technology Co., Ltd, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Bingchu Mei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Huiyu Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zaichun Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Hainan Yourui Cohesion Technology Co., Ltd, Sanya, 572025, China
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Amiri S, Chahkandi M, Zargazi M. Ag 2O@UiO-66 new thin film as p-n heterojunction: permanent photoreduction of hexavalent Cr. RSC Adv 2024; 14:3867-3877. [PMID: 38274162 PMCID: PMC10810231 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06305d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The new nanosphere Ag2O@UiO-66 thin-film was synthesized on a stainless steel mesh surface via an electrophoretic deposition method, and is used as an effective and low-cost photocatalyst using visible light. The synthesized nanocomposite was used to perform photo-reduction of Cr(vi) ions under white light irradiation. The best removal rate (72% after 15 minutes) was obtained by the film with 0.034 grams of deposited composite having relative percentages of Ag2O : UiO-66 of 70 : 30. The interesting obtained results confirm that the p-n heterojunction of the composite is the main cause of the desired charge separation and the photoreduction speed increase. In the following, the resulting compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), transmittance electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy diffraction X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) method. Scavenging studies performed in the presence of familiar scavengers confirmed that superoxide radicals (˙O2-) and dissolved oxygen gas have a significant role in the photocatalytic reduction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, Hakim Sabzevari University Sabzevar 96179-76487 Iran +985144013501 +985144013525
| | - Mohammad Chahkandi
- Department of Chemistry, Hakim Sabzevari University Sabzevar 96179-76487 Iran +985144013501 +985144013525
| | - Mahboobeh Zargazi
- Sonochemical Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
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Siebenmorgen C, Poortinga A, van Rijn P. Sono-processes: Emerging systems and their applicability within the (bio-)medical field. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 100:106630. [PMID: 37826890 PMCID: PMC10582584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Sonochemistry, although established in various fields, is still an emerging field finding new effects of ultrasound on chemical systems and are of particular interest for the biomedical field. This interdisciplinary area of research explores the use of acoustic waves with frequencies ranging from 20 kHz to 1 MHz to induce physical and chemical changes. By subjecting liquids to ultrasonic waves, sonochemistry has demonstrated the ability to accelerate reaction rates, alter chemical reaction pathways, and change physical properties of the system while operating under mild reaction conditions. It has found its way into diverse industries including food processing, pharmaceuticals, material science, and environmental remediation. This review provides an overview of the principles, advancements, and applications of sonochemistry with a particular focus on the domain of (bio-)medicine. Despite the numerous benefits sonochemistry has to offer, most of the research in the (bio-)medical field remains in the laboratory stage. Translation of these systems into clinical practice is complex as parameters used for medical ultrasound are limited and toxic side effects must be minimized in order to meet regulatory approval. However, directing attention towards the applicability of the system in clinical practice from the early stages of research holds significant potential to further amplify the role of sonochemistry in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clio Siebenmorgen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands.
| | - Albert Poortinga
- Technical University Eindhoven, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gemini Zuid, de Zaale, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands.
| | - Patrick van Rijn
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering-FB40, Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands.
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Sun H, Qin P, Liang Y, Yang Y, Zhang J, Guo J, Hu X, Jiang Y, Zhou Y, Luo L, Wu Z. Sonochemically assisted the synthesis and catalytic application of bismuth-based photocatalyst: A mini review. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 100:106600. [PMID: 37741022 PMCID: PMC10520575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Recently, bismuth (Bi)-based photocatalysts have been a well-deserved hotspot in the field of photocatalysis owning to their photoelectrochemical properties driven by the distortion of the Bi 6 s orbital, while their narrow band gap and poor quantum efficiency still restrict their application. With the development of ultrasonic technology, it is expected to become a broom to clear the application obstacles of Bi-based photocatalysts. The special forces and environmental conditions brought by ultrasonic irradiation play beneficial roles in the preparation, modification and performance releasement of Bi-based photocatalysts. In this review, the role and influencing factors of ultrasound in the preparation and modification of Bi-based photocatalysts were introduced. Crucially, the mechanism of the improving the performance for various types of Bi-based photocatalysts by ultrasound in the whole process of photocatalysis was deeply analyzed. Then, the application of ultrasonic synergistic Bi-based photocatalysts in contaminants treatment and energy conversion was briefly introduced. Finally, based on an unambiguous understanding of ultrasonic technology in assisting Bi-based photocatalysts, the future directions and possibilities for ultrasonic synergistic Bi-based photocatalysts are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Sun
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Pufeng Qin
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yunshan Liang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, PR China.
| | - Yuan Yang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jiachao Zhang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Jiayin Guo
- School of Resources and Environment, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, PR China.
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yi Jiang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Yunfei Zhou
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Lin Luo
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Zhibin Wu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China; Key Laboratory for Rural Ecosystem Health in the Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, PR China.
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Qi B, Chen T, Zhang T, Jiang R, Zhang W, Li X. A novel continuous all-weather photo-electric synergistic treatment system for refractory organic compounds and its application in degrading enrofloxacin. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138632. [PMID: 37030350 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel continuous all-weather photo-electric synergistic treatment system was proposed in this study for refractory organic compounds, which overcame the defects of conventional photo-catalytic treatments that rely on light irradiation and thus cannot achieve all-weather continuous treatment. The system used a new photocatalyst (MoS2/WO3/carbon felt) with the characteristics of easy recovery and fast charge transfer. The system was systematically tested in degrading enrofloxacin (EFA) under real environmental conditions in terms of treatment performance, pathways and mechanisms. The results showed that the EFA removal of photo-electric synergy substantially increased by 1.28 and 6.78 times, compared to photocatalysis and electrooxidation, respectively, with an average removal of 50.9% under the treatment load of 832.48 mg m-2 d-1. Possible treatment pathways of EFA and mechanism of the system were found to be mainly the loss of piperazine groups, the cleavage of the quinolone portion and the promotion of electron transfer by bias voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Qi
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Tiantian Chen
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Tongfei Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Ruixue Jiang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Xiaochen Li
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
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Surface engineering of Bi2MoO6 as an efficient photoanode in tandem water splitting system by pulsed sonoelectrodeposition. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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Mehrabi F, Ghaedi M. Magnetic nanofluid based on green deep eutectic solvent for enrichment and determination of chloramphenicol in milk and chicken samples by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet: Optimization of microextraction. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1689:463705. [PMID: 36577206 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this work, magnetic nanofluid based on a deep eutectic solvent that constricts through a simple and easy route, and subsequently applied for the preconcentration and microextraction of chloramphenicol (CAP) as a hazardous drug from milk and chicken samples via syringe-to-syringe microextraction prior to its determination by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV). In addition, the optimum conditions of effective factors were searched by the central composite design (CCD), and subsequently, at their optimum value, the figures of merit were evaluated. Also, the suggested method illustrated a low limit of detection (0.2 ng mL-1), a low limit of quantitation (0.67 ng mL-1), and a good linear range with an R2 of 0.996. The CAP relative recoveries in milk and chicken samples were 90.3%-95.1%, with relative standard deviations lower than 4.2%. The current enhancement technique is simple, easy, and rapid, which makes it suitable for quantification of CAP by HPLC-UV at trace levels in complicated materials with reliable and reproducible results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mehrabi
- Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75918-74831, Iran
| | - Mehrorang Ghaedi
- Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75918-74831, Iran.
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Tian J, Teng Y, Gao S, Zhang R. A Metal-organic composite ultrafiltration membrane synthesized via Quadratic phase inversion. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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9
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Guo Z, Wei W, Li Y, Li Z, Hou F, Wei A. Cr(VI)-imprinted polymer wrapped on urchin-like Bi 2S 3 for reduced photocorrosion and improved photoreduction of aqueous Cr(VI). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126946. [PMID: 34449328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Just like other metal sulfides, the misfortune of photocorrosion and undesired photogenerated electron-hole recombination for Bi2S3 was inevitable. In this work, a viable route to reduce photocorrosion of Bi2S3 and improve photoreduction of aqueous Cr(VI) was developed via "dressed" a Cr(VI) imprinting polymer (Cr(VI)-IP) on urchin-like Bi2S3 (U-Bi2S3). Cr(VI)-IP wrapped on the three dimensional U-Bi2S3 was implemented by a bulk polymerization. The wrapped Cr(VI)-IP enabled to fast enrich and adsorb Cr(VI) on U-Bi2S3 leading to improve the photoreduced efficiency of photogenerated carriers and restrain the photogenerated electron-hole recombination. What's more, Cr(VI)-IP wrapped on U-Bi2S3 was just like an "armor" which could support the three dimensional construction of U-Bi2S3 from the structural collapse of photocorrosion and retard the direct contact of oxygen and H2O from the surrounding media. As expected, the obtained U-Bi2S3@Cr(VI)-IP exhibited higher photostability, adsorption, photoreduction capacities towards the target Cr(VI) than the bare U-Bi2S3. The photocatalytic kinetic constant of U-Bi2S3@Cr(VI)-IP was 6 times higher than U-Bi2S3. After 3 times recycling uses, the morphology, crystal structure and chemical constitution of U-Bi2S3@Cr(VI)-IP were maintained. In addition, the removal efficiency of Cr(VI) by U-Bi2S3@Cr(VI)-IP was kept at 58% whereas U-Bi2S3 was almost lost to zero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Guo
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yihang Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zeyang Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengming Hou
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ang Wei
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT), Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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Zargazi M, Entezari MH. Photoelectrochemical water splitting by a novel design of photo-anode: inverse opal-like UiO-66 sensitized by Pd and decorated with S,N graphene QDs. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Chahkandi M, Zargazi M. Water EPD based of 2D-Bi2WO6 ultrathin film on innovative designed substrates: Efficient photocatalytic degradation of binary antibiotics. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Yu X, Yang J, Sui Z, Wang M. Effects of ultrasonic field on structure evolution of Ni film electrodeposited by bubble template method for hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis. J Solid State Electrochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-021-04980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Costa EL, Soares FB, Lourenço SA, Muniz EC, Cava CE. Design experiment (parameters) applied to PEDOT: PSS/AgNW composite doped with EG for transparent conductive films. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zhu X, Tang X, Luo X, Yang Z, Cheng X, Gan Z, Xu D, Li G, Liang H. Stainless steel mesh supported thin-film composite nanofiltration membranes for enhanced permeability and regeneration potential. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Costa JM, Almeida Neto AFD. Ultrasound-assisted electrodeposition and synthesis of alloys and composite materials: A review. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 68:105193. [PMID: 32505102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of electrodeposited materials with improved technological properties has been attracting the attention of researchers and companies from different industrial sectors. Many studies have demonstrated that the electrodeposition and synthesis of alloys and composite materials assisted by ultrasound may promote the de-agglomeration of particles in the electrolytic solution due to microturbulence, microjets, shock waves, and breaking of Van der Waals forces. The sonoelectrochemical technique, in which the ultrasound probe acts as a working electrode, also has been used for the formation of nanostructures in greater quantity, in addition to accelerating the electrolysis process and eliminating the reaction products on the electrode surface. Regarding the morphological aspects, the acoustic cavitation promotes the formation of smooth and uniform surfaces with incorporated particles homogeneously distributed. These changes have a direct impact on the composition and physical properties of the material, such as corrosion resistance, magnetization, wear, and microhardness. Despite the widespread use of acoustic cavitation in the synthesis of nanostructured materials, the discussion of how process variables such as acoustic power, frequency, and type of ultrasound device, as well as their effects still are scarce. In this sense, this review discusses the influence of ultrasound technology on obtaining electrodeposited coatings. The trends and challenges in this research field were reviewed from 2014 to 2019. Moreover, the effects of process variables in electrodeposition and how these ones change the technological properties of these materials were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiel Martins Costa
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Processes and Anticorrosion, Department of Products and Processes Design, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Avenida Albert Einstein, 500, Campinas 13083-852, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ambrósio Florêncio de Almeida Neto
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Processes and Anticorrosion, Department of Products and Processes Design, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Avenida Albert Einstein, 500, Campinas 13083-852, SP, Brazil
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