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Jiang W, Cheng Z, Zhai W, Ma X, Gao J, Liu X, Liu D, Zhou Z, Wang P. Oxytetracycline Increases the Residual Risk of Imidacloprid in Radish ( Raphanus sativus) and Disturbs the Plant-Rhizosphere Microbiome Holobiont Homeostasis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:6167-6177. [PMID: 38500001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics can be accidentally introduced into farmland by wastewater irrigation, and the environmental effects are still unclear. In this study, the effects of oxytetracycline on the residue of imidacloprid in soil and radishes were investigated. Besides, the rhizosphere microbiome and radish metabolome were analyzed. It showed that the persistence of imidacloprid in soil was unchanged, but the content of olefin-imidacloprid was increased by oxytetracycline. The residue of imidacloprid in radishes was increased by nearly 1.5 times, and the hazard index of imidacloprid was significantly raised by 1.5-4 times. Oxytetracycline remodeled the rhizosphere microbiome, including Actinobe, Elusimic, and Firmicutes, and influenced the metabolome of radishes. Especially, some amino acid metabolic pathways in radish were downregulated, which might be involved in imidacloprid degradation. It can be assumed that oxytetracycline increased the imidacloprid residue in radish through disturbing the plant-rhizosphere microbiome holobiont and, thus, increased the pesticide dietary risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Zheng Cheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Wangjing Zhai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Xiaoran Ma
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Xueke Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
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2
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Okeke ES, Olisah C, Malloum A, Adegoke KA, Ighalo JO, Conradie J, Ohoro CR, Amaku JF, Oyedotun KO, Maxakato NW, Akpomie KG. Ecotoxicological impact of dinotefuran insecticide and its metabolites on non-targets in agroecosystem: Harnessing nanotechnology- and bio-based management strategies to reduce its impact on non-target ecosystems. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117870. [PMID: 38072111 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The class of insecticides known as neonicotinoid insecticides has gained extensive application worldwide. Two characteristics of neonicotinoid pesticides are excellent insecticidal activity and a wide insecticidal spectrum for problematic insects. Neonicotinoid pesticides can also successfully manage pest insects that have developed resistance to other insecticide classes. Due to its powerful insecticidal properties and rapid plant absorption and translocation, dinotefuran, the most recent generation of neonicotinoid insecticides, has been widely used against biting and sucking insects. Dinotefuran has a wide range of potential applications and is often used globally. However, there is growing evidence that they negatively impact the biodiversity of organisms in agricultural settings as well as non-target organisms. The objective of this review is to present an updated summary of current understanding regarding the non-target effects of dinotefuran; we also enumerated nano- and bio-based mitigation and management strategies to reduce the impact of dinotefuran on non-target organisms and to pinpoint knowledge gaps. Finally, future study directions are suggested based on the limitations of the existing studies, with the goal of providing a scientific basis for risk assessment and the prudent use of these insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Sunday Okeke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria; Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, 410001, Nigeria; Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of the Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chijioke Olisah
- Institute for Coastal and Marine Research (CMR), Nelson Mandela University, PO Box 77000, Gqeberha, 6031, South Africa; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/753, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alhadji Malloum
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Kayode A Adegoke
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, First Technical University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joshua O Ighalo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Nigeria; Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Jeanet Conradie
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Chinemerem R Ohoro
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, 11, Hoffman St, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - James F Amaku
- Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology, Walter Sisulu University, Old King William Town Road, Potsdam Site, East London 5200, South Africa
| | - Kabir O Oyedotun
- College of Science, Engineering and Technology (CSET), University of South Africa, Florida Campus, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
| | - Nobanathi W Maxakato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Kovo G Akpomie
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
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Hou Z, Mo F, Zhou Q. Elucidating response mechanisms at the metabolic scale of Eisenia fetida in typical oil pollution sites: A native driver in influencing carbon flow. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122545. [PMID: 37716696 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Previous investigations on the stress response patterns of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in practical petroleum hydrocarbon (PH) contamination systems were less focused. Therefore, this study investigated the ecotoxicological effect of PH contamination on earthworms based on metabonomics and histological observation, followed by correlation analysis between the earthworm metabolism, PH types and concentrations, soil physicochemical characteristics, and the microbial community structures (i.e., diversity and abundance) and functions. The results showed that due to the abundant PH organics, the cell metabolism of earthworms shifts under PH contamination conditions, leading them to use organic acids as alternative energy sources (i.e., gluconeogenesis pathway). Simultaneously, biomarker metabolites related to cellular uptake, stress response, and membrane disturbance were identified. In addition, when compared to the controls, considerable epicuticle and cuticle layer disruption was observed, along with PH internalization. It was demonstrated that PH pollution preferentially influences the physiological homeostasis of earthworms through indirect (i.e., microbial metabolism regulation) than direct (i.e., direct interaction with earthworms) mechanisms. Moreover, the varied CO2 releasement was verified, which highlights the potential role of earthworms in influencing carbon transformation and corresponds with the considerably enriched energy metabolism-related pathway. This study indicated that PH contamination can induce a strong stress response in earthworms through both direct and indirect mechanisms, which in turn, substantially influences carbon transformation in PH contamination sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Hou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Carbon Neutrality Interdisciplinary Science Centre/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Fan Mo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Carbon Neutrality Interdisciplinary Science Centre/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, Carbon Neutrality Interdisciplinary Science Centre/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
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Gautam P, Pandey AK, Dubey SK. Multi-omics approach reveals elevated potential of bacteria for biodegradation of imidacloprid. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 221:115271. [PMID: 36640933 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The residual imidacloprid, a widely used insecticide is causing serious environmental concerns. Knowledge of its biodegradation will help in assessing its residual mass in soil. In view of this, a soil microcosm-based study was performed to test the biodegradation potential of Agrobacterium sp. InxBP2. It achieved ∼88% degradation in 20 days and followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics (k = 0.0511 day-1 and t1/2=7 days). Whole genome sequencing of Agrobacterium sp. InxBP2 revealed a genome size of 5.44 Mbp with 5179 genes. Imidacloprid degrading genes at loci K7A42_07110 (ABC transporter substrate-binding protein), K7A42_07270 (amidohydrolase family protein), K7A42_07385 (ABC transporter ATP-binding protein), K7A42_16,845 (nitronate monooxygenase family protein), and K7A42_20,660 (FAD-dependent monooxygenase) having sequence and functional similarity with known counterparts were identified. Molecular docking of proteins encoded by identified genes with their respective degradation pathway intermediates exhibited significant binding energies (-6.56 to -4.14 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamic simulation discovered consistent interactions and binding depicting high stability of docked complexes. Proteome analysis revealed differential protein expression in imidacloprid treated versus untreated samples which corroborated with the in-silico findings. Further, the detection of metabolites proved the bacterial degradation of imidacloprid. Thus, results provided a mechanistic link between imidacloprid and associated degradative genes/enzymes of Agrobacterium sp. InxBP2. These findings will be of immense significance in carrying out the lifecycle analysis and formulating strategies for the bioremediation of soils contaminated with insecticides like imidacloprid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Gautam
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Anand Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, 284128, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Dubey
- Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Bao X, Xu W, Cui J, Yan Z, Wang J, Chen X, Meng Z. NMR-based metabolomics approach to assess the ecotoxicity of prothioconazole on the earthworm (Eisenia fetida) in soil. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 190:105320. [PMID: 36740340 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC) is a widely used agricultural fungicide. In recent years, studies have confirmed that it exerts adverse effects on various species, including aquatic organisms, mammals, and reptiles. However, the toxicological effects of PTC on soil organisms are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the toxic effects, via oxidative stress and metabolic responses, of PTC on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). PTC exposure can induce significant changes in oxidative stress indicators, including the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and the content of glutathione (GSH), which in turn affect the oxidative defense system of earthworms. In addition, metabolomics revealed that PTC exposure caused significant changes in the metabolic profiles of earthworms. The relative abundances of 16 and 21 metabolites involved in amino acids, intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and energy metabolism were significantly altered after 7 and 14 days of PTC exposure, respectively. Particularly, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that multiple different metabolic pathways could be disturbed after 7 and 14 days of PTC exposure. Importantly, these alterations in oxidative stress and metabolic responses in earthworms reveal that the effects of PTC on earthworms were time dependent, and vary with exposure time. In conclusion, this study highlights that the effects of PTC on soil organisms are of serious concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Bao
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Wangjin Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jiajia Cui
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Zixin Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Zhiyuan Meng
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; College of Guangling, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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6
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Xue P, Liu X, Shi X, Yuan H, Wang J, Zhang J, He Z. Stereoselective accumulation and biotransformation of chiral fungicide epoxiconazole and oxidative stress, detoxification, and endogenous metabolic disturbance in earthworm (Eisenia foetida). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159932. [PMID: 36343825 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
>80 % of applied pesticides in agriculture will enter the soil and be exposed to soil animals. Little is known about the stereoselective metabolic effects of epoxiconazole (EPO) on soil animals. In this study, EPO-mediated stereoselective enrichment, biotransformation, oxidative stress, detoxification, and global metabolic profiles in earthworms were investigated by exposure to EPO and its enantiomers at 1 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg doses. Preferential enrichment of (-)-EPO was observed, and the five transformation products (TPs) exhibited the chemically specific stereoselective accumulation with inconsistent configurations. Biochemical markers related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and detoxification (·OH- content, SOD, CAT, GST, and CYP450 enzymes) showed a significant stereoselective activation overall at the low-level exposure (p-value <0.05). Based on untargeted metabolomic analysis, the steroid biosynthesis and ROS-related biotransformation, glutathione metabolism, TCA cycle, amino acid metabolism, purine and pyrimidine metabolism of earthworms were significantly interfered with by EPO and its enantiomer exposure. More pronounced stereoselectivity was observed at the level of the global metabolic profile, while comparable levels of metabolic perturbations were identified at the individual metabolite level. This study provides novel insights into the stereoselective effects of the chiral fungicide EPO, and valuable evidence for soil environmental risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xue
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xiaomeng Shi
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Haiyue Yuan
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Jiafu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Jingran Zhang
- SCIEX, Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Ltd., Beijing 100015, China
| | - Zeying He
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
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Yuanyuan Z, Zhixing R, Hao Y, Yu L. A novel multi-criteria framework for optimizing ecotoxicological effects and human health risks of neonicotinoid insecticides: Characterization, assessment and regulation strategies. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128712. [PMID: 35316637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase of neonicotinoid insecticides (NNIs) leads to the resistance to target organisms and risks to non-target organisms in the ecosystem. Thus, we designed a multi-criteria framework for resistance to target organisms, exposure risks to non-target organisms under spraying and soil or seed treatment scenarios, and ruled out the NNIs on the priority control lists. The resistance and cross-resistance, as well as the toxicity (i.e., acute, chronic, and combined toxicities) were characterized and evaluated. Results showed that the cross-resistance between two NNIs (i.e., CLO and FLU) was 1.8 times higher than their single resistance. A medium to extra-high toxicity level of NNIs was found in non-target organisms. Regulation strategies for NNIs resistance and toxicity were also proposed. The best synergist blocking and control scheme for resistance and toxicity was screened out when three main synergists (i.e., TPP: DEM: PBO) with the ratio of 1:1:1. Four NNIs (i.e., NPM, IMI, ACE, TMX) used in grain crops and six NNIs (i.e., NPM, IMI, ACE, TMX, CLO, THI) used in vegetable crops were determined as the ruled-out pesticides on the priority control lists. This study highlights the adverse effects of NNIs on the ecosystem and human health which should not be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yuanyuan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Ren Zhixing
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Yang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Li Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
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Huslystyi A, Nedzvetsky V, Yermolenko S, Gasso V, Petrushevskyi V, Sukharenko E. Low Doses of Imidacloprid Induce Oxidative Stress and Neural Cell Disruption in Earthworm <i>Eisenia fetida</i>. INTERNATIONAL LETTERS OF NATURAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.84.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Imidacloprid is a widely used pesticide that belongs to the class of neonicotinoids. There is a piece of rising evidence that neonicotinoids exert cytotoxic effects in non-target organisms including vertebrate species such as mammals. Nevertheless, dose-limiting toxicity and molecular mechanisms of neonicotinoids' deleterious effects are still poorly understood. In accord to imidacloprid fate in the environment, the most of used pesticide is absorbed in the soil. Therefore, earthworms, which are prevailing soil organisms, could be considered as a target of neonicotinoids toxicity. The earthworm’s simple nervous system is a prospective model for neurotoxicological studies. We exposed earthworms to imidacloprid in a paper contact test with a doses range of 0.1‑0.4 µg/cm2 for 14 days. In the present work, we studied the imidacloprid effect on oxidative stress generation and neuronal marker neuron-specific enolase (NSE) expression. The exposure to imidacloprid induced a dose-dependent decrease in NSE. Both reactive oxygen species production and lipid peroxidation level were upregulated as well. Observed NSE decline suggests imidacloprid-caused disturbance in earthworm neuron cells. Obtained data have shown that relatively low doses of imidacloprid are potent to induce cytotoxicity in neurons. Furthermore, neurotoxicity could be recognized as one of an individual scenario of the general imidacloprid toxicity. Thus, presented results suggest the cytotoxicity of imidacloprid low doses in non-target organisms and hypothesize that NSE downregulation could be estimated as a biomarker of neonicotinoid cytotoxicity in a nervous system of non-insect species.
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Huslystyi A, Nedzvetsky V, Yermolenko S, Gasso V, Petrushevskyi V, Sukharenko E. Low Doses of Imidacloprid Induce Oxidative Stress and Neural Cell Disruption in Earthworm <i>Eisenia fetida</i>. INTERNATIONAL LETTERS OF NATURAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.56431/p-af973e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid is a widely used pesticide that belongs to the class of neonicotinoids. There is a piece of rising evidence that neonicotinoids exert cytotoxic effects in non-target organisms including vertebrate species such as mammals. Nevertheless, dose-limiting toxicity and molecular mechanisms of neonicotinoids' deleterious effects are still poorly understood. In accord to imidacloprid fate in the environment, the most of used pesticide is absorbed in the soil. Therefore, earthworms, which are prevailing soil organisms, could be considered as a target of neonicotinoids toxicity. The earthworm’s simple nervous system is a prospective model for neurotoxicological studies. We exposed earthworms to imidacloprid in a paper contact test with a doses range of 0.1‑0.4 µg/cm2 for 14 days. In the present work, we studied the imidacloprid effect on oxidative stress generation and neuronal marker neuron-specific enolase (NSE) expression. The exposure to imidacloprid induced a dose-dependent decrease in NSE. Both reactive oxygen species production and lipid peroxidation level were upregulated as well. Observed NSE decline suggests imidacloprid-caused disturbance in earthworm neuron cells. Obtained data have shown that relatively low doses of imidacloprid are potent to induce cytotoxicity in neurons. Furthermore, neurotoxicity could be recognized as one of an individual scenario of the general imidacloprid toxicity. Thus, presented results suggest the cytotoxicity of imidacloprid low doses in non-target organisms and hypothesize that NSE downregulation could be estimated as a biomarker of neonicotinoid cytotoxicity in a nervous system of non-insect species.
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Kim HM, Kang JS. Metabolomic Studies for the Evaluation of Toxicity Induced by Environmental Toxicants on Model Organisms. Metabolites 2021; 11:485. [PMID: 34436425 PMCID: PMC8402193 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution causes significant toxicity to ecosystems. Thus, acquiring a deeper understanding of the concentration of environmental pollutants in ecosystems and, clarifying their potential toxicities is of great significance. Environmental metabolomics is a powerful technique in investigating the effects of pollutants on living organisms in the environment. In this review, we cover the different aspects of the environmental metabolomics approach, which allows the acquisition of reliable data. A step-by-step procedure from sample preparation to data interpretation is also discussed. Additionally, other factors, including model organisms and various types of emerging environmental toxicants are discussed. Moreover, we cover the considerations for successful environmental metabolomics as well as the identification of toxic effects based on data interpretation in combination with phenotype assays. Finally, the effects induced by various types of environmental toxicants in model organisms based on the application of environmental metabolomics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Min Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Jong Seong Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Nedzvetsky VS, Masiuk DM, Gasso VY, Yermolenko SV, Huslystyi AO, Spirina VA. Low doses of imidacloprid induce disruption of intercellular adhesion and initiate proinflammatory changes in Caco-2 cells. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.15421/022159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Imidacloprid is the most widely used pesticide of the neonicotinoid class. Neonicotinoid toxicities against various insects are well known. Nevertheless, there are rising evidences that neonicotinoids exert cytotoxic effects on different non-target organisms including mammals, fish, birds etc. Besides, depending on pesticide application, the exposed plants absorb some part of used neonicotinoids and their residues are detected in agricultural products worldwide. Thus, the continuous consumption of fruits and vegetables contaminated with neonicotinoids is a high risk factor for humans despite the low doses. Intestine epithelial cells are the first targets of the neonicotinoid cytotoxicity in humans because of its direct way of administration. The epithelial cells provide the barrier function of the intestinal system via specialized intercellular adhesion. The effects of imidacloprid on the intestine barrier function and inflammatory cytokines production are still unknown. In the present study, we exposed the human Caucasian colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) epithelial cells to low doses (0.10–0.75 µg/mL) of imidacloprid in order to assess the expression of tight and adherens junctions proteins, occludin and E-cadherin, and production of proinflammatory cytokine TNF α and iNOS. Imidacloprid induced dose-dependent decline in both occludin and E-cadherin levels. By contrast, TNF-α and iNOS contents were upregulated in imidacloprid-exposed Caco-2 cells. Decrease in tight and adherens junctions proteins indicates that the barrier function of intestine epithelial cells could be damaged by imidacloprid administration. In addition, TNF-α and iNOS upregulation indicates that imidacloprid is potent to activate proinflammatory response in enterocytes. Thus, imidacloprid can affect intestine barrier function through the increase of proinflammatory cytokine production and decrease in adhesiveness of enterocytes. The further assessment of the role of adhesion proteins and inflammatory cytokines in neonicotinoid pesticide cytotoxicity as it affects enterocyte barrier function is required to highlight the risk factor of use of neonicotinoids.
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