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Mota-Bertran A, Coenders G, Plaja P, Saez M, Barceló MA. Air pollution and children's mental health in rural areas: compositional spatio-temporal model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19363. [PMID: 39169039 PMCID: PMC11339296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70024-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Air pollution stands as an environmental risk to child mental health, with proven relationships hitherto observed only in urban areas. Understanding the impact of pollution in rural settings is equally crucial. The novelty of this article lies in the study of the relationship between air pollution and behavioural and developmental disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety, and eating disorders in children below 15 living in a rural area. The methodology combines spatio-temporal models, Bayesian inference and Compositional Data (CoDa), that make it possible to study areas with few pollution monitoring stations. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and sulphur dioxide (SO2) is related to behavioural and development disorders, anxiety is related to particulate matter (PM10), O3 and SO2, and overall pollution is associated to ADHD and eating disorders. To sum up, like their urban counterparts, rural children are also subject to mental health risks related to air pollution, and the combination of spatio-temporal models, Bayesian inference and CoDa make it possible to relate mental health problems to pollutant concentrations in rural settings with few monitoring stations. Certain limitations persist related to misclassification of exposure to air pollutants and to the covariables available in the data sources used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mota-Bertran
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Carrer de la Universitat de Girona 10, Campus de Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III., Madrid, Spain
| | - Germà Coenders
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Carrer de la Universitat de Girona 10, Campus de Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III., Madrid, Spain
| | - Pere Plaja
- Fundació Salut Empordà., Figueres, Spain
| | - Marc Saez
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Carrer de la Universitat de Girona 10, Campus de Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III., Madrid, Spain.
| | - Maria Antònia Barceló
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Carrer de la Universitat de Girona 10, Campus de Montilivi, 17003, Girona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III., Madrid, Spain
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Li G, Lian Z, Lyu Q, Zhu C, Liu Z, Zhang S, Zhong Q. Built-in electric field mediated S-scheme charge migration and Co-N4(II) sites in cobalt phthalocyanine/MIL-68(In)-NH 2 heterojunction for boosting photocatalytic nitric oxide oxidation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 675:549-559. [PMID: 38986328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The efficiency of photocatalytic Nitric Oxide(NO) oxidation is limited by the lack of oxygen(O2) active sites and poor charge carrier separation. To address this challenge, we developed a molecular Cobalt Phthalocyanine modified MIL-68(In)-NH2 photocatalyst with a robust Built-in electric field(BIEF). In the 2 % CoPc-MIN sample, the BIEF strength is increased by 3.54 times and 5.83 times compared to pristine CoPc and MIL-68(In)-NH2, respectively. This BIEF facilitates the efficient S-scheme charge transfer, thereby enhancing photogenerated carrier separation. Additionally, the Co-N4(II) sites in CoPc can effectively trap the separated photoexcited electrons in the S-scheme system. In addition, the Co-N4(II) sites can also serve as active sites for O2 adsorption and activation, promoting the generation of superoxide radical (O2-), thereby driving the direct conversion of NO to nitrate(NO3-). Consequently, the 2 % CoPc-MIN sample exhibits a remarkable photocatalytic NO removal efficiency of 79.37 % while effectively suppressing the formation of harmful by-product nitrogen dioxide(NO2) to below 3.5 ppb. This study provides a feasible strategy for designing high-efficiency O2 activation photocatalysts for NO oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Zheng Lian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Qiuqiu Lyu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Chenyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhinian Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Shule Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.
| | - Qin Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China.
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Tota M, Karska J, Kowalski S, Piątek N, Pszczołowska M, Mazur K, Piotrowski P. Environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions: insights into the effect on mental health. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1389051. [PMID: 38863619 PMCID: PMC11165707 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1389051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution exposures, including air, soil, water, light, and noise pollution, are critical issues that may implicate adverse mental health outcomes. Extreme weather conditions, such as hurricanes, floods, wildfires, and droughts, may also cause long-term severe concerns. However, the knowledge about possible psychiatric disorders associated with these exposures is currently not well disseminated. In this review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge on the impact of environmental pollution and extreme weather conditions on mental health, focusing on anxiety spectrum disorders, autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and depression. In air pollution studies, increased concentrations of PM2.5, NO2, and SO2 were the most strongly associated with the exacerbation of anxiety, schizophrenia, and depression symptoms. We provide an overview of the suggested underlying pathomechanisms involved. We highlight that the pathogenesis of environmental pollution-related diseases is multifactorial, including increased oxidative stress, systematic inflammation, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, and epigenetic dysregulation. Light pollution and noise pollution were correlated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, the impact of soil and water pollution is discussed. Such compounds as crude oil, heavy metals, natural gas, agro-chemicals (pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers), polycyclic or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), solvents, lead (Pb), and asbestos were associated with detrimental impact on mental health. Extreme weather conditions were linked to depression and anxiety spectrum disorders, namely PTSD. Several policy recommendations and awareness campaigns should be implemented, advocating for the advancement of high-quality urbanization, the mitigation of environmental pollution, and, consequently, the enhancement of residents' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Tota
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julia Karska
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Szymon Kowalski
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Piątek
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Mazur
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Patryk Piotrowski
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Baker E, Barlow CF, Daniel L, Morey C, Bentley R, Taylor MP. Mental health impacts of environmental exposures: A scoping review of evaluative instruments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169063. [PMID: 38048998 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
To date, much of the health focus of environmental policy has been on preventing physical health impacts of environmental exposures. Recent research has however highlighted increasingly concurrent mental health effects and its consideration is an emerging requirement for many governments and their agencies, yet there are limited universal mental health assessment tools for environmental exposures. This paper details the findings of a scoping review that evaluated assessment tools used to measure psychological impacts from environmental exposures and pollution, as reported in recent peer-reviewed literature (2000-2022). Across the 126 papers identified in our review, a wide range of tools to assess mental health impact were identified. We document a clear recent upswing of research interest in the mental and psychological impacts of environmental exposures, and an overarching concern for air pollution from industry, traffic, and fires. A majority of studies utilised standardised assessment instruments, but there was little consistency in the way that these were combined or deployed. The dominant mental health outcomes of interest in these studies were depression, anxiety, and mental and psychiatric health. The findings of the review identify a need and opportunity to develop a best-practice approach to consistently assess the mental health impacts arising from environmental exposures. Future work is needed to define the most appropriate choice and application of assessment tools to evaluate adverse mental health impacts from environmental exposures. This will support a more universal, coordinated and cross-jurisdiction approach for the assessment, quantification and targeted response to addressing mental health impacts arising from environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Baker
- Australian Centre for Housing Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Cynthia Faye Barlow
- Australian Centre for Housing Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Lyrian Daniel
- UniSA Creative, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Claire Morey
- Australian Centre for Housing Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Rebecca Bentley
- Centre of Research Excellence in Healthy Housing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Mark Patrick Taylor
- Environment Protection Authority Victoria, Centre for Applied Sciences, Ernest Jones Drive, Macleod, Melbourne, Victoria 3085, Australia.
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Ma Y, Jiang Y, Guo T, Wang J, Chen L, Wei C, Ni X, Deng F, Guo X, Wu S. Short-term exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide and increased hospitalization burden for depression in China: a multicity analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:40-49. [PMID: 36153821 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2126828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Evidence for the increased hospitalization burden, including admissions, expenditures and length of hospital stay (LOS) for depression attributable to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is lacking. We investigated the associations between short-term exposure to ambient NO2 and attributable admissions, hospitalization expenditures and LOS for depression in 57 Chinese cities during 2013-2017 using a well-established two-stage time-series study approach. Short-term exposure to ambient NO2 was associated with significantly increased admissions, hospitalization expenditures and LOS for depression, and the attributable fractions were 6.87% (95% CI: 2.90%, 10.65%), 7.12% (3.01%, 11.04%) and 6.12% (2.59%, 9.50%) at lag02, respectively. The projected total attributable admissions, hospitalization expenditures and LOS for depression related to ambient NO2 at the national level were 23,335 (9,863, 36,181) admissions, 318.70 (134.43, 492.21) million CNY and 539.55 (227.99, 836.99) thousand days during the study period, respectively. Short-term exposure to ambient NO2 is associated with increased hospitalization burden for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Ma
- Institute of Social Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunxing Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tongjun Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxi Wang
- Shanghai Songsheng Business Consulting Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Libo Chen
- Beijing HealthCom Data Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wei
- Beijing HealthCom Data Technology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Ni
- Institute of Social Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Furong Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinbiao Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases in Ministry of Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Jiang Q, Luo X, Zheng R, Xiang Z, Zhu K, Feng Y, Xiao P, Zhang Q, Wu X, Fan Y, Song R. Exposure to ambient air pollution with depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms among adolescents: A national population-based study in China. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 164:1-7. [PMID: 37290272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution threatens adolescents' physical health and adversely affects adolescents' mental health. Previous studies mostly focused on the effects of air pollution on physical health, but there were few studies on the effects of air pollution on mental health. METHODS We collected scores of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms from 15,331 adolescents from 43 schools in eleven provinces in September and November 2017. The data on air pollution comes from the China High Air Pollutants dataset, which included concentrations of particulate matter with diameters of ≤1.0 μm (PM1), diameters of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), and diameters of ≤10 μm (PM10), as well as nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The associations between air pollution and depressive and anxiety symptoms among adolescents were estimated using generalized linear mixed models. RESULTS Depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents were 16% and 32%, respectively. In the adjusted model, an interquartile range (IQR) increase from PM2.5 was associated with the odds of anxiety symptoms [odds ratio (OR) = 1.01; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.01, P = 0.002]. Also, an IQR increase in PM10 was significantly associated with the odds of anxiety symptoms (OR = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.01, P = 0.029). Compared with the lowest quartile, the adjusted OR of anxiety symptoms for the highest quartile of PM2.5 and PM10 were 1.29 (1.15, 1.44) and 1.23 (1.06, 1.42), respectively. In addition, the association between PM2.5 and depressive symptoms was significant. The robustness of the results was also confirmed by stratification and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Exposure values for airborne particulate matter were associated with depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms in adolescents, particularly for PM2.5 and PM10 with anxiety symptoms among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomin Luo
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - Ruimin Zheng
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China.
| | - Zhen Xiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiheng Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Feng
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Xiao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xufang Wu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yixi Fan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ranran Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and MOE (Ministry of Education) Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Liu H, Zhao H, Huang J, He M. Air pollution associated with hospital visits for mental and behavioral disorders in Northeast China. FRONTIERS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 3:1090313. [PMID: 38455902 PMCID: PMC10910900 DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2023.1090313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Related studies have found that air pollution is an important factor affecting mental and behavioral disorders. Thus, we performed this time-series study to evaluate the relationship between short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants and visits to hospital by patients with mental and behavioral disorders in northeastern China. Methods We used quasi-Poisson regression models and generalized additive models to probe the links between air pollution and mental and behavioral disorders. The possible influences were also explored stratified by season, age and gender. Results We found that sulfur dioxide (SO2) had a cumulative effect on mental and behavioral disorders at lag04-lag07 and had the greatest effect at lag07 [Relative risk (RR) = 1.068, 95%CI = 1.021-1.117]. Particulate matter of size 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and SO2 had a cumulative effect on depression and both had the largest effect at lag07 (RR = 1.021, 95%CI = 1.002-1.041; RR = 1.103, 95%CI = 1.032-1.178); SO2 also had a cumulative effect on anxiety disorders, with the largest effect at lag06 (RR = 1.058, 95%CI = 1.009-1.110). In the stratified analysis, people are more susceptible in the cold season compared to the warm season and females and the 18-60-year age group are more sensitive to air pollutants. It is suggested to strengthen management and preventive measures to decrease air pollution exposure. Conclusion This study found an association between increased concentrations of air pollutants and increased outpatient visits for mental and behavioral disorders. We recommend that preventive and protective measures should be strengthened in an effort to reduce exposure to air pollution in order to maintain physical and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huo Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinling Huang
- Department of Hospital Management Office, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Miao He
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wang J, Huang Z, Liu X, Yang C, Yang H, Liao J, Jiao K, Chen Q, Ma X, Liao J, Ma L. Effects of ambient air pollution on cause-specific hospitalizations in Wuhan during 2017-2019. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 253:114686. [PMID: 36863162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have focused on the associations between air pollutants and multiple organ system diseases in the entire hospitalized population. The present study aims to explore the short-term effects of six routinely monitored air pollutants on the broad causes of hospital admissions and estimate the resulting hospital admission burdens. METHODS Daily hospital admission records from 2017 to 2019 were obtained from the Wuhan Information center of Health and Family Planning. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were employed to evaluate the effects of air pollutants on the percent increase in the cause-specific daily number of hospital admissions. Increased hospital admission numbers, days, and expenses were also estimated. RESULTS A total of 2636,026 hospital admissions were identified. We found that both PM2.5 and PM10 increased the risk of hospital admissions for most disease categories. Short-term exposure to PM2.5 was positively associated with hospitalizations of several rarely studied disease categories, such as diseases of the eye and adnexa (2.83%, 95%CI: 0.96-4.73%, P < 0.01) and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (2.17%, 95% CI: 0.88-3.47%, P < 0.001). NO2 was observed to have a robust effect on diseases of the respiratory system (1.36%, 95%CI: 0.74-1.98%, P < 0.001). CO was significantly associated with hospital admissions for six disease categories. Furthermore, each 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with an annual increase of 13,444 hospital admissions (95% CI: 6239-20,649), 124,344 admission days (95% CI: 57,705-190,983), and 166-million-yuan admission expenses (95% CI: 77-255). CONCLUSION Our study suggested that particulate matter (PM) had a short-term effect on hospital admissions of most major disease categories and resulted in a considerable hospital admission burden. In addition, the health effects of NO2 and CO emissions require more attention in megacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zenghui Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xingyuan Liu
- Wuhan Information Center of Health and Family Planning, Wuhan 430021, China
| | - Can Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Haomin Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jianpeng Liao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kuizhuang Jiao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qihao Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xuxi Ma
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jingling Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, No. 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Wang C, Qi Y, Chen Z. Explainable Gated Recurrent Unit to explore the effect of co-exposure to multiple air pollutants and meteorological conditions on mental health outcomes. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107689. [PMID: 36508748 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mental health conditions have the potential to be worsened by air pollution or other climate-sensitive factors. Few studies have empirically examined those associations when we faced to co-exposures, as well as interaction effects. There would be an urgent need to use deep learning to handle complex co-exposures that might interact in multiple ways, and the model performance reinforced by SHapely Additive exPlanations (SHAP) enabled our predictions interpretable and hence actionable. Here, to evaluate the mixed effect of short-term co-exposure, we conducted a time-series analysis using approximately 1.47 million hospital outpatient visits of mental disorders (i.e., depressive disorder-DD, Schizophrenia-SP, Anxiety Disorder-AD, Bipolar Disorder-BD, Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder-ADHD, Autism Spectrum Disorder-ASD), with matched meteorological observations from 2015 through 2019 in Nanjing, China. The global insights of gated recurrent unit model revealed that most of input features with similar effect size caused the illness risk of SP and ASD increase, and most markedly, 73% of relative humidity, 44.6 µg/m3 of NO2, and 14.1 µg/m3 of SO2 at 5-year average level associated with 2.27, 1.14, and 1.29 visits increase for DD, SP, and AD, respectively. Both synergic and antagonistic effect among informative paired-features were distinguished from local feature dependence. Interestingly, variation tendencies of excessive visits of bipolar disorder when atmospheric pressure, PM2.5, and O3 interacted with one another were inconsistent. Our results provided added qualitative and quantitative support for the conclusion that short-term co-exposure to ambient air pollutants and meteorological conditions posed threats to human mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
| | - Yi Qi
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, No. 22 Hankoulu Road, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Department of Information, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 264 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, RP China.
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Zhang Q, Meng X, Shi S, Kan L, Chen R, Kan H. Overview of particulate air pollution and human health in China: Evidence, challenges, and opportunities. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100312. [PMID: 36160941 PMCID: PMC9490194 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution in China continues to be a major public health challenge. With the release of the new WHO air quality guidelines in 2021, there is an urgent need for China to contemplate a revision of air quality standards (AQS). In the recent decade, there has been an increase in epidemiological studies on PM in China. A comprehensive evaluation of such epidemiological evidence among the Chinese population is central for revision of the AQS in China and in other developing countries with similar air pollution problems. We thus conducted a systematic review on the epidemiological literature of PM published in the recent decade. In summary, we identified the following: (1) short-term and long-term PM exposure increase mortality and morbidity risk without a discernible threshold, suggesting the necessity for continuous improvement in air quality; (2) the magnitude of long-term associations with mortality observed in China are comparable with those in developed countries, whereas the magnitude of short-term associations are appreciably smaller; (3) governmental clean air policies and personalized mitigation measures are potentially effective in protecting public and individual health, but need to be validated using mortality or morbidity outcomes; (4) particles of smaller size range and those originating from fossil fuel combustion appear to show larger relative health risks; and (5) molecular epidemiological studies provide evidence for the biological plausibility and mechanisms underlying the hazardous effects of PM. This updated review may serve as an epidemiological basis for China’s AQS revision and proposes several perspectives in designing future health studies. Acute effects of PM are smaller in China compared with developed countries Health effects caused by PM depend on particle composition, source, and size There are no thresholds for the health effects of PM Mechanistic studies support the biological plausibility of PM’s health effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingli Zhang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xia Meng
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Su Shi
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lena Kan
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, MD 21205, USA
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai 201102, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW There is increasing interest in the links between exposure to air pollution and a range of health outcomes. The association with mental health however is much less established. This article reviews developments in the field over the past 12 months, highlighting the evidence for causation, associations between multiple air pollutants and mental health outcomes, and assesses the challenges of researching this topic. RECENT FINDINGS Increasingly rigorous methods are being applied to the investigation of a broader range of mental health outcomes. These methods include basic science, neuroimaging, and observational studies representing diverse geographical locations. Cohort studies with linked high-resolution air pollutant exposure data are common, facilitating advanced analytic methods. To date, meta-analyses have demonstrated small and significant positive associations between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and depressive symptoms and cognitive decline. Methodological complexities in measuring exposure and outcome pose ongoing difficulties for the field. SUMMARY Literature on this topic has recently seen an appreciable expansion. Work that better estimates daily exposure, controls for complex confounders, and is driven by hypotheses founded in candidate causal mechanisms would help clarify associations, and inform targeted interventions and policymakers.
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