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Kong J, Cao H, Qian W, Yu L, Tang A, Feng W, Zhang H, Zheng G. Deep removal of trace arsenic from acidic SbCl 3 solution by in-situ galvanically coupled Cu 2Sb/Cu particles. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 467:133659. [PMID: 38350314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic is a harmful associated element in antimony ore, which might bring out the risk of leakage during complex industrial production of high-purity antimony. Herein, we reported a novel and efficient way to remove the trace arsenic impurity from acidic SbCl3 solution by utilizing copper-system bimetallic particles. Specifically, galvanically coupled Cu2Sb/Cu was in-situ synthesized by introducing precursor copper powder to the specific SbCl3 solution. DFT studies revealed that Sb(III) was easily reduced by Cu to form Cu2Sb due to the strong adsorption of Sb(III) on Cu (111) crystal plane. The Cu2Sb/Cu coupling exhibited excellent activity for As(III) reduction, over 99.4% arsenic were removed under optimal conditions and residual arsenic concentration dropped to only 2.7 mg L-1. Crucially, Sb(III) concentration changes could be neglected. Besides, the dearsenization residues were extensively characterized to analyze the evolvement and cause in the reaction process. The results confirmed that the arsenic removal mechanisms by Cu2Sb/Cu particles were multi-affected, including adsorption, displacement, and precipitation. And the strong electrostatic attraction of AsO+ under high HCl conditions was identified as a key step to achieving dearsenization. This research will provide a theoretical guidance for the green synthesis of high-purity antimony and related products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Kong
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Huazhen Cao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Weilun Qian
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lining Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Anyang Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Wenyu Feng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Huibin Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Guoqu Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Chakraborty S, Ghosh S, Banerjee S, Kumar S, Bhattacharyya P. Elucidating the synergistic effect of acidity and metalloid poisoning on the microbiome through metagenomics and machine learning approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117885. [PMID: 38072100 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The abundance and diversity of the microflora in a complex environment such as soil is everchanging. Mica mining has led to metalloid poisoning and changes in soil biogeochemistry affecting the overall produce and leading to toxic dietary exposure. The study focuses on two prominent stressors acidity and arsenic, in mining-contaminated agricultural locations. Soil samples were collected from agricultural fields at a distance of 50 m (zone 1) and 500 m (zone 2) from active mines. Mean arsenic concentration was higher in zone 1 and pH was lower. Geostatistical and self-organizing maps were employed to report that the pattern of localization of soil acidity and arsenic content is similar indicating a causal relationship. Cluster and principal component analysis were further used to materialize a negative effect of soil acidity fractions and arsenic labile pool on soil enzymatic activity (fluorescein diacetate, dehydrogenase, β-1,4-glucosidase, phosphatase, and urease), respiration and Microbial biomass carbon. Soil metagenomic analysis revealed significant differences in the abundance of microbial populations with zone 1 (contaminated zone) having lower alpha and beta diversity. Finally, the efficacy of several machine-learning tools was tested using Taylor diagrams and an effort was made to select a potent algorithm to predict the causal stressors responsible for depreciating soil microbial health. Random Forrest had superior predictive power based on numerical evidence and was therefore chosen as the best-fitted model. The aforementioned insights into soil microbial health and sustenance in stressed conditions can be beneficial for predicting remedial strategies and practicing sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Chakraborty
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, 815301, India
| | - Saibal Ghosh
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, 815301, India
| | - Sonali Banerjee
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, 815301, India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, 815301, India
| | - Pradip Bhattacharyya
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Giridih, Jharkhand, 815301, India.
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Zheng X, Qiu S, Zhou B, Li Q, Chen M. Leaching of heavy metals from tungsten mining tailings: A case study based on static and kinetic leaching tests. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123055. [PMID: 38065334 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) leaching from tungsten mine tailings is a serious environmental risk. In this study, we assess the HM pollution level of tungsten tailings, determine the HM leaching patterns and mechanisms, and estimate the HM fluxes from a tailings reservoir. The results showed that the comprehensive pollution index (CRSi) values that decreased in order of the HM pollution levels in the tailings were cadmium (Cd) > tungsten (W) > lead (Pb) > copper (Cu) = zinc (Zn) > arsenic (As) > manganese (Mn). This result indicated that Cd, W, and Pb were priority pollutants in tailings. The Res fraction of all HMs was greater than 50%. Pb and Cd had similar species fractions with high Exc fractions, and tungsten had a considerable proportion of the Wat fraction. The general acid neutralizing capacity (GANC) test divides the leaching process of HMs into two stages, and each of stage is affected by different mechanisms. A neutral environment promoted tungsten leaching in the column leching test, while an acidic environment promoted Cd and Pb leaching. In addition, the pH effect was more obvious in the early stage. The kinetic fitting results showed that the second-order dynamic model well simulated the leaching of W, Pb, and Cd in most cases. Based on column kinetic leaching test results and tailings parameters, the annual W, Pb, and Cd fluxes were estimated to be 6.35 × 108, 1.3288 × 109, and 1.012 × 108 mg/year, respectively. The above results can guide the environmental management of tungsten tailing reservoirs, such as selecting suitable repair materials and estimating repair service times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zheng
- Cooperative Innovation Center jointly established by the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Shiyue Qiu
- Cooperative Innovation Center jointly established by the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Buchan Zhou
- Cooperative Innovation Center jointly established by the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Qi Li
- Cooperative Innovation Center jointly established by the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Cooperative Innovation Center jointly established by the Ministry and the Ministry of Rare Earth Resources Development and Utilization, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Control in Mining and Metallurgy of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
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Jia X, Majzlan J, Ma L, Liu P, Fan P, Li W, Zhou J, Wen B. Novel insights into the mechanisms for Sb mobilization in groundwater in a mining area: A colloid field study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132212. [PMID: 37579718 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Colloids may play an important role in the geochemical cycle of antimony (Sb). However, the controlling behaviors of colloids on Sb fate in contaminated groundwater are not available. To investigate the effects of colloids on Sb mobility, groundwater samples from Xikuangshan Sb Mine's two main aquifers (the D3s2 aquifer and the D3x4 aquifer) were successively (ultra)filtered through progressively decreasing pore sizes (0.45 µm, 100 kDa, 50 kDa and 5 kDa). The results showed that 0.1-84.1% of Sb was adsorbed or carried by colloids, which corresponded to Sb concentration ranging between 0 and 2973 μg/L in the colloids (0.45 µm - 5 kDa). In both aquifers, Sb was closely associated with organic colloids (r = 0.72 p < 0.05 for the D3x4 aquifer, r = 0.94 p < 0.01 for the D3s2 aquifer). Parallel factor analysis of the three-dimensional fluorescence spectra determined that the protein-like substances in the D3x4 aquifer and the humus-like substances in the D3s2 aquifer controlled Sb behavior. X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirmed Sb complexing with organic substances. Competitive adsorption of As and Sb suppressed the complexation of colloids with Sb, particularly in the D3x4 aquifer (r = -0.71, p < 0.05). Sb mobility was also influenced by the redox of the groundwater system. As the oxidation-reduction potential and dissolved oxygen increased, Sb in the colloidal fractions decreased. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms involved in Sb fate affected by colloids, establishing the theoretical basis for developing effective Sb and even metalloid pollution remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocen Jia
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430078 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Juraj Majzlan
- Institute of Geosciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07749 Jena, Germany
| | - Liyuan Ma
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430078 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430078 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Peikuan Fan
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430078 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Wanyu Li
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430078 Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430078 Wuhan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mine Ecological Effects and System Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, 100081 Beijing, PR China.
| | - Bing Wen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, 210042 Nanjing, PR China.
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Chételat J, Palmer MJ, Paudyn K, Jamieson H, Amyot M, Harris R, Hesslein R, Pelletier N, Peraza I. Remobilization of legacy arsenic from sediment in a large subarctic waterbody impacted by gold mining. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131230. [PMID: 36989775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination from mining poses an environmental challenge due to the mobility of this redox-sensitive element. This study evaluated arsenic mobility in sediments of Yellowknife Bay (Canada), a large subarctic water body impacted by gold mining during the 20th century. Short-term measurements of arsenic flux from sediment, arsenic profiling of the water column and sediment porewater, and mass balance modelling were conducted to assess the importance of sediment as an arsenic source. Sediment arsenic fluxes were highly variable throughout Yellowknife Bay and ranged from - 65-1520 µg m-2 day-1. Elevated fluxes measured near the mine site were among the highest published for well-oxygenated lakes. Redox boundaries were typically 2-3 cm below the sediment surface as indicated by porewater profiles of iron, manganese, and arsenic, with arsenic maxima of 65-3220 µg L-1 predominately as arsenite. Sediment arsenic flux was positively related to its solid-phase concentration. Modelling indicated sediment was a principal source of arsenic to the water column. Adsorption and precipitation processes in the oxidizing environment of near-surface sediments did not effectively attenuate arsenic remobilized from contaminated sediments. Internal recycling of legacy arsenic between sediment and surface water will impede a return to background conditions in Yellowknife Bay for decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Chételat
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Michael J Palmer
- North Slave Research Centre, Aurora Research Institute, Aurora College, Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada
| | - Katrina Paudyn
- School of Environmental Studies, Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Heather Jamieson
- School of Environmental Studies, Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marc Amyot
- Département de Sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Reed Harris
- Reed Harris Environmental Ltd., Oakville, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Nicolas Pelletier
- Carleton University, Geography and Environmental Studies, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ines Peraza
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Ren W, Ran Y, Mou Y, Cui Y, Sun B, Yu L, Wan D, Hu D, Zhao P. Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of antimony and arsenic in a typical abandoned antimony smelter. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023:10.1007/s10653-023-01559-y. [PMID: 37099043 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01559-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) co-contamination occurs in Sb smelting areas and is harmful to the surrounding ecological environment. The purpose of this study is to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of Sb and As in abandoned Sb smelting area and carry out risk assessments. Soil samples were collected from the smelting area profile and background points, and groundwater samples were also collected. Samples from two geological background sections were collected to understand the geological background characteristics of Sb and As. The spatial distribution was drawn via the inverse distance weighted interpolation method. The hazard assessment was carried out by the geo-accumulation index and potential ecological hazard methods. The results showed that special high geological background value of Sb and As in study area. Sb and As co-contamination is one of the characters in soil. And the contents of Sb and As decrease as depth increases, reflecting the weak migration capacity. The spatial distribution of Sb and As is affected by slag distribution and rainfall leaching. The Sb content in groundwater was higher in the wet and normal seasons than in the dry season, slag leaching may be one of the elements. The potential ecological hazards of Sb and As are high and considerable, respectively. In abandoned smelting area with high geological background values, it is necessary to focus on the pollution abatement and protection of ecological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development 105 Geological Brigade Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Yiyuan Ran
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuanwang Mou
- Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development 105 Geological Brigade Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Yunxiang Cui
- Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development 105 Geological Brigade Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Baiyu Sun
- Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development 105 Geological Brigade Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Lang Yu
- Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development 105 Geological Brigade Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Daxue Wan
- Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development 105 Geological Brigade Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Deyong Hu
- Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development 105 Geological Brigade Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development 105 Geological Brigade Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550000, China.
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Wen B, Zhou J, Tang P, Jia X, Zhou W, Huang J. Antimony (Sb) isotopic signature in water systems from the world's largest Sb mine, central China: Novel insights to trace Sb source and mobilization. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 446:130622. [PMID: 36580776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Xikuangshan (XKS) mine, the world's largest antimony (Sb) mine, was chosen for a detailed Sb isotopic signature study owing to its historical Sb contamination of water systems. Hydrochemical data, in particularδ123Sb values, were analyzed to identify the Sb source and predominant geochemical processes that affect Sb mobilization in different waters. The δ123Sb values of waters from the XKS Sb mine range from - 0.20‰ to + 0.73‰. In particular, the δ123Sb values of the main Feishuiyan stream do not significantly vary (+0.19‰-+0.24‰), while those of groundwater in different aquifers (-0.08‰ to +0.73‰) and mine water in different adits (-0.20‰ to +0.37‰) vary over a wide range. The relationships between δ123Sb values and Sb concentrations indicate that a simple dilution of Sb and a weak Sb adsorption onto Fe/Mn suspended particles and sediments in the Feishuiyan stream may occur, oxidative weathering and leaching infiltration of Sb-containing waste rocks and slags may cause variations in the δ123Sb values in groundwater, and Sb mobilization in the mine water is influenced by a combination of processes (oxidative dissolution, adsorption of Fe/Mn (hydr)oxides, and mixing). A conceptual hydrogeochemical model was summarized to elucidate the Sb source and mobilization in water systems from the XKS Sb mine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, 210042 Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Mine Ecological Effects and System Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources, 100081 Beijing, People's Republic of China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, 430000 Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peidong Tang
- Shanxi Transportation Planning Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd., 030032 Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaocen Jia
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Zhou
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, 430074 Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China, 210042 Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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A Novel Whole-Cell Biosensor for Bioavailable Antimonite in Water and Sediments. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0181722. [PMID: 36602327 PMCID: PMC9888276 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01817-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) is an emerging contaminant, and its on-site speciation analysis is central to the accurate evaluation of its bioavailability and toxicity. The whole-cell biosensors (WCBs) for Sb(III) are promising but challenging due to the lack of Sb(III)-specific recognition components. Here, we constructed a novel Sb(III)-specific WCB using an Sb(III) transcriptional regulator (antR) and its cognate promoter (Pant). To prevent the promoter leakage of Pant, an additional regulatory gene, antR, was inserted downstream of the Sb(III)-inducible promoter, improving the sensitivity of the WCB by an order of magnitude and reaching the detection limit at 0.009 μM, which is lower than the WHO drinking water standard of Sb. Moreover, the WCB with double antR showed a high specificity toward Sb(III) compared with interfering ions at 3 orders of magnitude higher concentrations. This WCB was capable of measuring Sb(III) bioavailability in natural waters and sediments on-site, and its results were not statistically different from the chemical analysis. The insights gained from this work demonstrate that the addition of regulatory genes prevents promoter leakage and improves the sensitivity of WCBs in field applications. IMPORTANCE Antimony (Sb) is a redox-sensitive pollutant ubiquitous in the environment. Sb(III) is dominant in the subsurface and is readily oxidized to less toxic Sb(V) upon exposure to air, and therefore, on-site Sb speciation analysis is essential to evaluate its bioavailability and toxicity. Dissolved Sb concentration and speciation can be determined accurately using on-site chemical sensors, but chemical sensors have difficulty determining the bioavailable Sb(III) that is taken up by the cells. Here, we constructed an Sb(III)-specific whole-cell biosensor (WCB) using double Sb(III) transcriptional regulators (antR) downstream of its cognate promoter Pant. With an additional antR, the sensitivity of the WCB was improved by approximately 10 times, and the promoter leakage commonly found in WCBs was inhibited. Integrated with a tea-bag design, the WCB is able to measure Sb(III) bioavailability in natural water and sediments on-site. This study demonstrates the importance of inserting one more regulatory gene to improve sensitivity.
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Insight into the Adsorption Behaviors of Antimony onto Soils Using Multidisciplinary Characterization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074254. [PMID: 35409945 PMCID: PMC8998344 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) pollution in soils is an important environmental problem, and it is imperative to investigate the migration and transformation behavior of Sb in soils. The adsorption behaviors and interaction mechanisms of Sb in soils were studied using integrated characterization techniques and the batch equilibrium method. The results indicated that the adsorption kinetics and isotherms of Sb onto soils were well fitted by the first-order kinetic, Langmuir, and Freundlich models, respectively, while the maximum adsorbed amounts of Sb (III) in soil 1 and soil 2 were 1314.46 mg/kg and 1359.25 mg/kg, respectively, and those of Sb (V) in soil 1 and soil 2 were 415.65 mg/kg and 535.97 mg/kg, respectively. In addition, pH ranging from 4 to 10 had little effect on the adsorption behavior of Sb. Moreover, it was found that Sb was mainly present in the residue fractions, indicating that Sb had high geochemical stability in soils. SEM analysis indicated that the distribution positions of Sb were highly coincident with Ca, which was mainly due to the existence of calcium oxides, such as calcium carbonate and calcium hydroxide, that affected Sb adsorption, and further resulted in Sb and Ca bearing co-precipitation. XPS analysis revealed the valence state transformation of Sb (III) and Sb (V), suggesting that Fe/Mn oxides and reactive oxygen species (ROS) served as oxidant or reductant to promote the occurrence of the Sb redox reaction. Sb was mobile and leachable in soils and posed a significant threat to surface soils, organisms, and groundwater. This work provides a fundamental understanding of Sb adsorption onto soils, as well as a theoretical guide for studies on the adsorption and migration behavior of Sb in soils.
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