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Huang J, Gao J, Gao J, Huang Y, Wang X, Wang S, Qi M, Tian G. Insight into the mechanism of solution organic fractions on soot oxidation activity enhancement. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 479:135606. [PMID: 39191016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
The particulate matter and soluble organic fraction emitted by diesel engine are hazardous to environment and human health. Exploring the effect mechanism of soluble organic fraction on soot oxidation is beneficial for reducing the emissions. In this study, the effects of four different types of soluble organic fractions on the soot oxidation activity and physicochemical properties are investigated. The results show that the attachment of oxygen-containing soluble organic fractions enhances the soot oxidation and reduces the peak characteristic temperature. However, the low volatility soluble organic fractions without oxygen element inhibit soot oxidation. Additionally, the high volatility soluble organic fractions without oxygen element elicit limited effects on soot oxidation. the contents of aliphatic C-H functional groups, carbonyl CO functional groups, and carboxylic acid O-CO functional groups significantly increase after adding oxygen-containing soluble organic fractions, while the limited increase in functional groups is observed in soluble organic fractions without oxygen element. Solid soluble organic fractions adhere to soot particles in the form of small particles, leading a reduction in the initial particle size distribution, while liquid soluble organic fractions exhibit block and chain shapes around the soot particles, which makes the initial particle size distribution increasing. Moreover, the attachment of all soluble organic fractions disrupts the surface order of soot particle, leading to a decrease in soot graphitization. This study is beneficial for revealing the interaction mechanism between soot and soluble organic fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 10081, China
| | - Jian Gao
- China North Engine Research Institute, Tianjin 300405, China
| | - Jianbing Gao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 10081, China.
| | - Yuhan Huang
- Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Transportation Energy and Automotive Energy Saving, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Analysis & Testing Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 10081, China
| | - Mingxu Qi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 10081, China
| | - Guohong Tian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
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Rubio Fernández V, Villa Mencía RVDL, Rojas MF, García Giménez R, Moreno-Juez J, Soto García ISD. Construction and demolition waste in cement matrices as sinkholes of atmospheric pollution: Effect of the 2022 airborne dust in the Iberian Peninsula. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 464:132929. [PMID: 37984135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The coincidence of a study on different ecocements to environmental exposition in Madrid (Spain) with the airborne dust from the Sahara desert in the same location, during the year 2022, facilitated the knowledge of the ecocement permeability to different sources of contamination. In general, mortars with a siliceous composition are more compact and less permeable to environmental particles compared to those with a calcareous composition. Binary mortars with glass have an intermediate response to pollutants and the most favorable for the incidence of contamination are ternary sulfoaluminate cements. The analysis of the ions penetration in the different cements studied has been followed by XRF, XRD-Rietveld and SEM/EDX analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Rubio Fernández
- Departamento de Geografía, Facultad de Filosofía y letras, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Unidad Asociada CSIC- UAM, Spain.
| | - Raquel Vigil de la Villa Mencía
- Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica, Geomateriales Unidad Asociada CSIC-UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Moisés Frías Rojas
- Eduardo Torroja Institute for Construction Sciences (IETcc-CSIC), 28033 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario García Giménez
- Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica, Geomateriales Unidad Asociada CSIC-UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jaime Moreno-Juez
- Tecnalia, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Isabel Sonsoles de Soto García
- Departamento de Ciencias, Instituto de Innovación y Sostenibilidad en la Cadena Agroalimentaria (IS-FOOD), Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
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Zinicovscaia I, Narmandakh J, Yushin N, Peshkova A, Chaligava O, Tsendsuren TO, Tserendorj B, Tsogbadrakh T. Assessment of Air Pollution in Ulaanbaatar Using the Moss Bag Technique. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2024; 86:152-164. [PMID: 38329491 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-024-01050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Active moss biomonitoring, the so-called moss bag technique, widely applied in many countries, for the first time, was applied to assess the air quality in Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia). Moss bags with Sphagnum girgensohnii Russow were exposed in triplicate in three different periods: December-February, March-May, and December-May at 13 governmental air quality monitoring stations located in the vicinity of thermal power plants and residential areas. The plant tissue content of Al, Ba, Co, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, P, Pb, Sr, S, V, As, and Zn was determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, and a direct mercury analyzer was used to determine the Hg content. The samples in residential areas and near thermal power plants that were exposed for 3 months in winter and for 6 months (winter to spring) were characterized by the highest accumulation of the elements. In the moss bags exposed during spring, maximum accumulation of the determined elements was noted in residential areas and near main roads. Regardless of the exposure time and duration, the highest accumulation of Al, Fe, and V was determined at Dambadarjaa air quality station located near a highway and of Hg near the Amgalan power plant. Significant differences in element accumulation between seasons were observed, thus, the accumulation of Al, Ba, As, Co, Cr, Fe, Pb, V, and Zn was higher in spring, while P and S had higher content in the moss samples exposed during winter. The accumulation of elements over the 6-month exposure period was 1.1-6.7 times higher than that of the 3-month periods. Thus, the 6-month exposure can be considered a reliable deployment period as it ensures an adequate signal in terms of enrichment of pollutants. Factor analysis was applied to highlight the association of elements and to link them with possible sources of emission. Three factors were determined, the first one included Al, As, Ba, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Pb, Sr, and V and was identified as a geogenic-anthropogenic, the second (Cu, P, and S) and third (Cd and Zn) factors suggested anthropogenic origin. The Relative accumulation factor and enrichment factor were calculated to evaluate the level of air pollution and possible element sources. Considerable contributors to air pollution were Zn, Fe, As, V, Cr, and Al, which may originate from airborne soil particles of crustal matter or transport, as well as coal combustion for heating and cooking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Zinicovscaia
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Russian Federation, 141980.
- Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Str., MG-6, Bucharest, Magurele, Romania.
- Institute of Chemistry, Academiei Str. 3, 2028, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova.
| | - Jargalan Narmandakh
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Peace Ave 54B, Ulaanbaatar, 13330, Mongolia
| | - Nikita Yushin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Russian Federation, 141980
| | - Alexandra Peshkova
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Russian Federation, 141980
| | - Omari Chaligava
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, Dubna, Russian Federation, 141980
- Faculty of Informatics and Control Systems, Georgian Technical University, 77 Merab Kostava Street, 0171, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tsog-Ochir Tsendsuren
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Peace Ave 54B, Ulaanbaatar, 13330, Mongolia
| | - Bolortamir Tserendorj
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Peace Ave 54B, Ulaanbaatar, 13330, Mongolia
| | - Tsolmon Tsogbadrakh
- Department of Metropolitan Air and Environmental Pollution Control, Ulaanbaatar, 17100, Mongolia
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Fu M, Liu J, Qu L, Liu S, Lu K, Tao Y, Zhao S, Li Z, Li P, Jin T. The effect of multiple factors on water-soluble inorganic ions in diesel particulate matter emissions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132236. [PMID: 37572604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
The water-soluble inorganic ions (WSII) in diesel particulate matter (DPM) have a significant impact on ambient air quality and human health. In this study, the 12 groups of bench tests were conducted to analyze the emission characteristics of two diesel engines, taking into account the influence of engine parameters, test cycle, fuel types, and after-treatment measures. Compared to conventional diesel, a blend of diesel with 5 % biodiesel resulted in a reduction of the WSII emission factors by 23.7-48.0 %. The emission factors of WSII decreased by 8.4 % after installing selective catalytic reduction (SCR). Dummy variable regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between WSII and influencing factors. The emission factors of Na+, K+, and Ca2+ were mostly affected by the engine, potentially due to the use of coolants and lubricants containing metal oxides in the engine. The emission factors of NO3- were mainly affected by the test cycle. Techniques for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) were used to analyze the priority of emission reduction technologies. The results indicated that SCR, biodiesel, and low-sulfur diesel could effectively reduce WSII. This study aims to explore the influence of multiple factors on WSII, providing valuable insights for future research on WSII in DPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Fu
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China.
| | - Liang Qu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Shuangxi Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology, China Automotive Technology & Research Center Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300300, PR China
| | - Kaibo Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Youzhen Tao
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Zhenguo Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Source Emission Control Technology, China Automotive Technology & Research Center Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300300, PR China
| | - Penghui Li
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Taosheng Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
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