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Zhang T, Han J, Dong L, Liu D, Jiao F, Qin W, Liu W. Innovative methodology for comprehensive utilization of arsenic-bearing neutralization sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 353:120148. [PMID: 38306856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic-bearing neutralization (ABN) sludge is a classical hazardous waste commonly found in nonferrous metallurgy. However, the current storage of these hazardous wastes not only has to pay costly hazardous waste taxes but also poses significant risks to both the environment and human health. To address these issues and achieve the comprehensive utilization and minimization of ABN sludge, this study proposes a new combined process. The process involves selective reduction roasting, leaching, and carbonation, through which, the arsenate and gypsum in the ABN sludge were recovered in the form of As(s), high-purity CaCO3, and H2S. The selective reduction behaviors of arsenate and gypsum were investigated through thermodynamic analysis and roasting experiments. The results indicated that the 95.35 % arsenate and 96.55 % gypsum in the sludge were selectively reduced to As4(g) and CaS at 950 °C by carbothermic reduction. The As4(g) was condensed to As(s) and enriched in the dust (As, 96.78 wt %). In the leaching process, H2S gas was adopted to promote the leaching of CaS, and resulted in 97.41 % of CaS in the roasted product was selectively leached in the form of Ca(HS)2, leading to a 74.11 % reduction in the weight of the ABN sludge. Then, the Ca(HS)2 was subjected to capture CO2 for the separation of Ca2+ and S2-. The result depicted that 99.69 % of Ca2+ and 99.12 % of S2- were separated as high-purity (99.12 wt %) CaCO3 and H2S (24.89 vol %) by controlling the terminal carbonation pH to below 6.55. The generated H2S can be economically converted to sulfur by the Clause process. The whole process realized the comprehensive resource recovery and the minimization of the sludge, which provides an alternative solution for the clean treatment of hazardous ABN waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Separation and Enrichment of Strategic Mineral Resources, Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Junwei Han
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liuyang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Separation and Enrichment of Strategic Mineral Resources, Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Dianwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Separation and Enrichment of Strategic Mineral Resources, Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China.
| | - Fen Jiao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenqing Qin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Du Y, Du Y, Ma W, Zhao X, Ma M, Cao L, Du D. Application of dirty-acid wastewater treatment technology in non-ferrous metal smelting industry: Retrospect and prospect. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120050. [PMID: 38224641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Dirty-acid wastewater (DW) originating from the non-ferrous metal smelting industry is characterized by a high concentration of H2SO4 and As. During the chemical precipitation treatment, a significant volume of arsenic-containing slag is generated, leading to elevated treatment expenses. The imperative to address DW with methods that are cost-effective, highly efficient, and safe is underscored. This paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of three typical methods to DW treatment, encompassing technical principles, industrial application flow charts, research advancements, arsenic residual treatment, and economic considerations. Notably, the sulfide method emerges as a focal point due to its minimal production of arsenic residue and the associated lowest overall treatment costs. Moreover, in response to increasingly stringent environmental protection policies targeting new pollutants and carbon emissions reduction, the paper explores the evolving trends in DW treatment. These trends encompass rare metal and sulfuric acid recycling, cost-effective H2S production methods, and strategies for reducing, safely disposing of, and harnessing resources from arsenic residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Du
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis Conversion and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Control of Hubei Province, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Yaguang Du
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis Conversion and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Control of Hubei Province, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Wenbo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis Conversion and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Control of Hubei Province, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis Conversion and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Control of Hubei Province, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Mengyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis Conversion and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Control of Hubei Province, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Longwen Cao
- Daye Nonferrous Corporation, Huangshi, 435005, PR China
| | - Dongyun Du
- Key Laboratory of Catalysis Conversion and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Pollution Control of Hubei Province, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
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Zhang X, Zeng L, Wang Y, Tian J, Wang J, Sun W, Han H, Yang Y. Selective separation of metals from wastewater using sulfide precipitation: A critical review in agents, operational factors and particle aggregation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118462. [PMID: 37384991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has been conducted on the separation and recovery of heavy metals from wastewater through the targeted precipitation of metal sulfides. It is necessary to integrate various factors to establish the internal correlation between sulfide precipitation and selective separation. This study provides a comprehensive review of the selective precipitation of metal sulfides, considering sulfur source types, operating factors, and particle aggregation. The controllable release of H2S from insoluble metal sulfides has garnered research interest due to its potential for development. The pH value and sulfide ion supersaturation are identified as key operational factors influencing selectivity precipitation. Effective adjustment of sulfide concentration and feeding rate can reduce local supersaturation and improve separation accuracy. The particle surface potential and hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties are crucial factors affecting particle aggregation, and methods to enhance particle settling and filtration performance are summarized. The regulation of pH and sulfur ion saturation also controls the zeta potential and hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties on the particles surface, thereby affecting particle aggregation. Insoluble sulfides can decrease sulfur ion supersaturation and improve separation accuracy, but they can also promote particle nucleation and growth by acting as growth platforms and reducing energy barriers. The combined influence of sulfur source and regulation factors is vital for achieving precise separation of metal ions and particle aggregation. Finally, suggestions and prospects are proposed for the development of agents, kinetic optimization, and product utilization to promote the industrial application of selective precipitation of metal sulfides in a better, safer, and more efficient way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfei Zhang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Liqiang Zeng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jia Tian
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jingbo Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wei Sun
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Haisheng Han
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Yue Yang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Zhang T, Han J, Liu W, Jiao F, Jia W, Qin W. Recovery of zinc and extraction of calcium and sulfur from zinc-rich gypsum residue by selective reduction roasting combined with hydrolysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 331:117256. [PMID: 36642046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A novel process that includes selective reduction roasting followed by hydrolysis was proposed in this work to recover zinc, and efficiently extract calcium and sulfur from hazardous zinc-rich gypsum residue (ZGR) waste for high-purity of CaCO3 and sulfur production. The selective reduction behaviors of ZGR during the reduction roasting were investigated in detail based on thermodynamic analysis and roasting experiments. The effect of roasting temperature, carbon dosage and time on the selective reduction of ZGR was comprehensively investigated, and the results indicated that ZnO and CaSO4 in the ZGR can be selectively reduced to Zn(g) and CaS, respectively. The volatile Zn(g) was oxidized to ZnO and enriched in the dust, which can be used as a secondary zinc resource. Moreover, the hydrolysis behaviors and leaching kinetic of CaS during hydrolysis were studied intensively. Results depicted that in the H2S-H2O system, the CaS in the roasted product can be selectively and efficiently dissolved into the leachate. Furthermore, the kinetic analysis revealed that the hydrolysis of CaS conformed to the internal diffusion reaction control model in the shrinking core model and the apparent activation energy Ea = -12.02 kJ/mol. The obtained hydrolysate with low impurities could be used to capture CO2 for the production of high-purity sulfur and CaCO3. Iron and other impurities in the roasted product were concentrated into the leaching slag in the form of metallic iron and akermanite. The whole process realized the recovery of zinc, and the selective and effective extraction of calcium and sulfur, which could provide an alternative process for the large-scale treatment of these hazardous wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfu Zhang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junwei Han
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Fen Jiao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenhao Jia
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenqing Qin
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, Hunan, China
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