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Gao Z, Zhang Z, Li Q, Wu H, Wang M, Tian X, Wang A, Li J. Improving contaminant removal and inhibiting CH 4 and H 2S emissions from septic tanks: Nitrified human urine as a source of electron acceptor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175410. [PMID: 39127217 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Septic tanks are widely adopted in decentralized household wastewater treatment systems serving billions of people globally. Due to the lack of effective electron acceptors, insufficient nutrient removal and the emission of harmful gases, e. g. H2S, CH4, etc., are the common drawbacks. In the present work, we attempted to supplement nitrite into septic tanks as an electron acceptor, via nitrifying human urine source-separated from blackwater, to overcome these drawbacks. Partial or complete nitritation of source-separated urine was achieved in a sequencing batch reactor. The addition of nitrified urine into septic tanks improved organic and nitrogen removals in blackwater up to 90 % and 70 %, respectively. The emission of harmful gases from the septic tanks was stably diminished, with more than 75 % of CH4, CO2 and H2S reductions. Nitrite addition significantly reduced the abundance of hydrogenotrophic methanogens in septic tanks. Though the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria recovered after the initial inhibition upon nitrite addition, the bio-generated H2S was retained in water since the increased wastewater pH after nitrite addition promoted the disassociation of H2S in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchao Gao
- School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Zhongguo Zhang
- School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing 100089, China.
| | - Qingyun Li
- China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Haoyuan Wu
- School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Mengyu Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiujun Tian
- School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Aimin Wang
- School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jiuyi Li
- School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
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Li Y, He Y, Guo H, Hou J, Dai S, Zhang P, Tong Y, Ni BJ, Zhu T, Liu Y. Sulfur-containing substances in sewers: Transformation, transportation, and remediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 467:133618. [PMID: 38335612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing substances in sewers frequently incur unpleasant odors, corrosion-related economic loss, and potential human health concerns. These observations are principally attributed to microbial reactions, particularly the involvement of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in sulfur reduction process. As a multivalent element, sulfur engages in complex bioreactions in both aerobic and anaerobic environments. Organic sulfides are also present in sewage, and these compounds possess the potential to undergo transformation and volatilization. In this paper, a comprehensive review was conducted on the present status regarding sulfur transformation, transportation, and remediation in sewers, including both inorganic and organic sulfur components. The review extensively addressed reactions occurring in the liquid and gas phase, as well as examined detection methods for various types of sulfur compounds and factors affecting sulfur transformation. Current remediation measures based on corresponding mechanisms were presented. Additionally, the impacts of measures implemented in sewers on the subsequent wastewater treatment plants were also discussed, aiming to attain better management of the entire wastewater system. Finally, challenges and prospects related to the issue of sulfur-containing substances in sewers were proposed to facilitate improved management and development of the urban water system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanying He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haixiao Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiaqi Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Suwan Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Peiyao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yindong Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Tingting Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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He Y, Liu Y, Li X, Guo H, Zhu T, Liu Y. Polyvinyl Chloride Microplastics Facilitate Nitrous Oxide Production in Partial Nitritation Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:1954-1965. [PMID: 38239129 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Partial nitritation (PN) is an important partner with anammox in the sidestream line treating high-strength wastewater and primarily contributes to nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in such a hybrid system, which also suffers from ubiquitous microplastics because of the growing usage and disposal levels of plastics. In this study, the influences of polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVC-MPs) on N2O-contributing pathways were experimentally revealed to fill the knowledge gap on N2O emission from the PN system under microplastics stress. The long-term results showed that the overall PN performance was hardly affected by the low-dose PVC-MPs (0.5 mg/L) while obviously deteriorated by the high dose (5 mg/L). According to the batch tests, PVC-MPs reduced biomass-specific ammonia oxidation rates (AORs) by 5.78-21.94% and stimulated aerobic N2O production by 9.22-88.36%. Further, upon increasing dissolved oxygen concentrations from 0.3 to 0.9 mg O2/L, the degree of AOR inhibition increased but that of N2O stimulation was lightened. Site preference analysis in combination with metabolic inhibitors demonstrated that the contributions of hydroxylamine oxidation and heterotrophic denitrification to N2O production at 0.3 mg O2/L were enhanced by 18.84 and 10.34%, respectively, accompanied by a corresponding decreased contribution of nitrifier denitrification. Finally, the underlying mechanisms proposed for negative influences of PVC-MPs were bisphenol A leaching and reactive oxygen species production, which led to more cell death, altered sludge properties, and reshaped microbial communities, further resulting in enhanced N2O emission. Overall, this work implied that the ubiquitous microplastics are a hidden danger that cannot be ignored in the PN system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanying He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yingrui Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Xuecheng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Haixiao Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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Tian L, Wang X, Guo H, Wang Y, Zhu T, Tong Y, Zhao Y, Sun P, Liu Y. Impact of sertraline on biohydrogen production from alkaline anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge: Focusing on microbial community and metabolism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 388:129733. [PMID: 37714494 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, antidepressants are massively consumed worldwide, inevitably bringing about the concern for their latent hazard to the natural environment. This research focused on exploring the effect of sertraline (SET, a typical antidepressant) on hydrogen yields from alkaline anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge (WAS). The hydrogen accumulation reached the peak of 14.73 mL/g VSS (volatile suspended solids) at a SET dosage of 50 mg/kg TSS (total suspended solids), i.e., 1.90 times of that in the control fermenter. The data of Illumina high-throughput sequencing demonstrated that SET promoted the expression of genes regulating the membrane transport. Microbial community analysis suggested that some species that could degrade refractory substances were enriched after SET exposure. Finally, metabolic pathways of hydrogen production and consumption were found to be significantly affected with SET addition. This study would deepen the concept of typical antidepressants influencing energy recovery from WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Tian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haixiao Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yufen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yindong Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Peizhe Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Liu S, Guo H, Wang Y, Hou J, Zhu T, Liu Y. Peracetic acid activated by ferrous ion mitigates sulfide and methane production in rising main sewers. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 245:120584. [PMID: 37713794 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Iron-based peracetic acid (PAA) advanced oxidation process (AOP) is widely used in water purification because of its high efficiency and low toxicity. In this study, for the first time, ferrous iron (Fe2+) and PAA were dosed jointly into the rising main sewer reactor, to verify the feasibility of sulfide and methane control as well as investigate the comprehensive mechanism of Fe2+/PAA on sewer biofilm. Results demonstrated the superior biocidal effect of Fe2+/PAA dosing than that of PAA alone. Intermittent Fe2+/PAA dosing showed that the average inhibitory rate of sulfide production rate (SPR) and methane production rate (MPR) was 52.0% and 29.9%, respectively, at a Fe2+/PAA molar ratio of 1:1 and PAA concentration of 3 mmol/L (i.e., the mass-based concentrations of Fe2+ and PAA were 6.79 mg-Fe/L and 228 mg/L, respectively). Beside, sewer biofilm was found to be resistant to PAA during repeated dosing events. However, resistance could be alleviated by introducing sulfide in situ in the Fe2+/PAA process, and SPR and MPR were further reduced to 27.39% and 67.32% of the control, respectively. LIVE/DEAD Staining showed that Fe2+/PAA exhibited a strong destructive effect on microbial cells, with the proportion of viable cells being 26.34%. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and free radical quenching results indicated that the inhibitory order was R-O• > •OH > Fe(IV), which led to the disruption of cellular integrity (i.e., 17.24% increase in LDH) and intracellular enzyme system (i.e., cellular metabolic disorders). Microbial analysis revealed that long-term Fe2+/PAA dosing decreased the sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) abundance, and the dominant genus of methanogenic archaea (MA) shifted from Methanofastidiosum, Methanobacterium to Methanosaeta. The cost of Fe2+/PAA dosing on methane and sulfide control in rising main sewers was $1.81/kg-S, economically and environmental-friendly attractive for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siru Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Haixiao Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yufen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jiaqi Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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