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Soliman N, Saharia A, Abdelrahim M, Connor AA. Molecular profiling in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2024; 29:10-22. [PMID: 38038621 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000001124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to both summarize the current knowledge of hepatocellular carcinoma molecular biology and to suggest a framework in which to prospectively translate this knowledge into patient care. This is timely as recent guidelines recommend increased use of these technologies to advance personalized liver cancer care. RECENT FINDINGS The main themes covered here address germline and somatic genetic alterations recently discovered in hepatocellular carcinoma, largely owing to next generation sequencing technologies, and nascent efforts to translate these into contemporary practice. SUMMARY Early efforts of translating molecular profiling to hepatocellular carcinoma care demonstrate a growing number of potentially actionable alterations. Still lacking are a consensus on what biomarkers and technologies to adopt, at what scale and cost, and how to integrate them most effectively into care.
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Ouedraogo AR, Traoré L, Ouattara AK, Ouedraogo AR, Zongo SV, Savadogo M, Lallogo TD, Sombie HK, Sorgho PA, Ouedraogo TWC, Djigma FW, Lamien AS, Yonli AT, Lompo OM, Simporé J. Association of HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-DRB1*12 gene polymorphism with COVID-19 in Burkina Faso. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:246. [PMID: 37845715 PMCID: PMC10577973 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can vary widely, ranging from asymptomatic to severe, and may be influenced by the host genetic background. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequencies of HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-DRB1*12 allele polymorphisms and their associations with COVID-19. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 198 subjects were enrolled, including 150 COVID-19 positive cases and 48 subjects who tested negative for COVID-19. Participants were recruited from the emergency, intensive care, and infectious diseases departments of the Bogodogo Centre University Hospital (CHU-B) or the routine laboratory of Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA). Genomic DNA was extracted from nasopharyngeal swabs samples and multiplex PCR-SSP was used to detect the HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-DRB1*12 alleles. The study was approved by CERS (№ 2021-02-033). RESULTS The positive cases were categorized into 38 asymptomatic (CC+), 60 symptomatic (NC+), and 52 severe cases (SC+). Females were more frequent in the overall study population (53.0%, 105/198) as well as in the negative group's CC- (68.75%, 33/48) and SC+ (57.69%, 30/52 negative groups, whereas males were more frequent in the CC+ (63.16%, 24/38) and NC+ (53.33%, 32/60) groups. The highest mean age was observed in the SC + group. A frequency of 19.19% (38/198) and 14.65% (29/198) was found for the HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-DRB1*12 alleles, respectively. Individuals carrying the HLA-DRB1*11 allele had an approximately sixfold higher risk of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 5.72 [1.683-19.442], p = 0.005) based on the association analysis. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, the present study reports high frequency of HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-DRB1*12 alleles within a population from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The results suggest that individuals carrying the HLA-DRB1*11 allele are more susceptible to COVID-19 infection but may not display symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Rakissida Ouedraogo
- Laboratoire de Morphologie et Organogénèse (LAMO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, UFR/SDS, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Lassina Traoré
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- Université Norbert ZONGO - Centre Universitaire de Manga, BP 376, Koudougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Abdoul Karim Ouattara
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- Université Norbert ZONGO - Centre Universitaire de Manga, BP 376, Koudougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Alexis Rakiswende Ouedraogo
- Laboratoire de Morphologie et Organogénèse (LAMO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, UFR/SDS, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Sidnooma Véronique Zongo
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Mousso Savadogo
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Tatiana Doriane Lallogo
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Herman Karim Sombie
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Pegdwendé Abel Sorgho
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Teega-Wendé Clarisse Ouedraogo
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
| | - Assita Sanou Lamien
- Laboratoire de Morphologie et Organogénèse (LAMO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, UFR/SDS, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Albert Théophane Yonli
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Olga Mélanie Lompo
- Laboratoire de Morphologie et Organogénèse (LAMO), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, UFR/SDS, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Jacques Simporé
- Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE), UFR/SVT, Ouagadougou 01, 01 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
- Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), P.O. Box 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
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Muro-Perez M, González-Martínez G, Martínez-García P, Legaz I, Zafrilla P, Muro M. Analysis of null deletion polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase theta (GSTT-1), associated with anti-GSTT-1 antibodies development in transplantation. Int J Immunogenet 2023; 50:264-271. [PMID: 37612787 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) is an enzyme involved in phase II biotransformation processes and a member of a multigene family of detoxifying and clearing reactive oxygen species. GSTT1 is polymorphic like other biotransforming enzymes, allowing variability in hepatic conjugation processes. Immunological recognition of the GSTT1 alloantigen, as evidenced by donor-specific antibodies formation, has previously been observed in recipients lacking GSTT1 protein (called GSTT1-, GSTT*0, null phenotype or homozygous for the GSTT1 deletion) who receive liver or kidney transplants from GSTT1+ donors and is a risk factor for the development of de novo hepatitis following liver transplants from a GSTT1 expressing donor. Antibodies against GSTT1 are demonstrated in patients who are GSTT1 null and received a transplant from a GSTT1+ donor. Understanding the local population frequency of the GSTT1 deletion is of value in understanding the potential clinical risk of developing post-transplant complications, which can be attributed to the nonexpression of GSTT1. A population of 173 healthy donors of the Murcia Region in Southeast Spain was evaluated for a null allele of GSTT1 (n = 173). DNA was extracted, and GSTT-1 null allele detection was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The frequency of the null GSTT1 genotype (nonexpression or deletion of the homozygous polymorphism of the GSTT1 protein) was 17.9% (n = 31 null allele GSTT1/173 total individuals). Our data suggest that the frequency of null GSTT1 mutations in our population in Southeast Spain is 17.9%, lower than in other Caucasoid populations. This would convert our recipient population into more susceptible to nonlocal potential organ donors and less susceptible to local donors. All recipients bearing this GSTT1 deletion homozygous would be without the protein and triggering an alloantigen in the case of transplantation with a donor without deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Muro-Perez
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca" - IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - Gema González-Martínez
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca" - IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Martínez-García
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca" - IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Legaz
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia (UMU), Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar Zafrilla
- Faculty of Pharmacy, San Antonio Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Muro
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital "Virgen de la Arrixaca" - IMIB, Murcia, Spain
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Zhang H, Zhang X, Yu J. Integrated Analysis of Altered lncRNA, circRNA, microRNA, and mRNA Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Carrying TERT Promoter Mutations. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2022; 9:1201-1215. [PMID: 36471741 PMCID: PMC9719279 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s385026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations are one of the most common mutations responsible for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a regulatory role in different cancers through the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)/circular RNA (circRNA)-microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA axis. The aim of the study was to explore the influence of TERT promoter mutations on the ncRNA regulatory network in HCC. METHODS Four tumor samples with a wildtype TERT promoter and four tumor samples with TERT promoter mutations (sequencing cohort) were collected from HCC patients for high-throughput next-generation sequencing. Selected ncRNAs and mRNAs were validated by qPCR in 15 HCC tumors with a wildtype TERT promoter and seven HCC tumors with TERT promoter mutations (validation cohort, including the sequencing cohort). RESULTS In the mutant TERT promoter group, 536 lncRNAs, 21 circRNAs, 41 miRNAs, and 266 mRNAs were significantly up-regulated, while 1745 lncRNAs, 23 circRNAs, 32 miRNAs, and 1117 mRNAs were significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05) compared with the findings in wildtype group. AL360169.3-201, LINC02672-203, hsa_circ_0021412, hsa-miR-29b-1-5p, hsa-miR-4699-5p, hsa-miR-199a-5p, REG3A, SFRP5, and GSTM1 were verified at the RNA expression level to validate the sequencing results. A differentially expressed lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed to explore the effects of TERT promoter mutations on ncRNA regulation. Two ncRNA regulatory axes associated with TERT promoter mutations (hsa_circ_0003154/hsa_circ_0008952/IGLL5-AS1/LINC576/LINC575-hsa-miR-1260b -CLPTM1L/GSTM1 and hsa_circ_0031584/LINC2101-hsa-miR-214-3p-CD151) had carcinogenic potential. CONCLUSION This study provides novel insights into the role of TERT promoter mutations on ncRNAs regulatory network in HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingya Yu
- Department of Diagnostics, Medical Integration and Practice Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, People’s Republic of China
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Zanotti S, Boot GF, Coto-Llerena M, Gallon J, Hess GF, Soysal SD, Kollmar O, Ng CKY, Piscuoglio S. The Role of Chronic Liver Diseases in the Emergence and Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Omics Perspective. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:888850. [PMID: 35814741 PMCID: PMC9263082 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.888850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) typically develops from a background of cirrhosis resulting from chronic inflammation. This inflammation is frequently associated with chronic liver diseases (CLD). The advent of next generation sequencing has enabled extensive analyses of molecular aberrations in HCC. However, less attention has been directed to the chronically inflamed background of the liver, prior to HCC emergence and during recurrence following surgery. Hepatocytes within chronically inflamed liver tissues present highly activated inflammatory signaling pathways and accumulation of a complex mutational landscape. In this altered environment, cells may transform in a stepwise manner toward tumorigenesis. Similarly, the chronically inflamed environment which persists after resection may impact the timing of HCC recurrence. Advances in research are allowing an extensive epigenomic, transcriptomic and proteomic characterization of CLD which define the emergence of HCC or its recurrence. The amount of data generated will enable the understanding of oncogenic mechanisms in HCC from the CLD perspective and provide the possibility to identify robust biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of primary and recurrent HCC. Importantly, biomarkers defined by the analysis of CLD tissue may permit the early detection or prevention of HCC emergence and recurrence. In this review, we compile the current omics based evidence of the contribution of CLD tissues to the emergence and recurrence of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Zanotti
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas University Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gina F. Boot
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mairene Coto-Llerena
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - John Gallon
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel F. Hess
- Clarunis, University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Savas D. Soysal
- Clarunis, University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Otto Kollmar
- Clarunis, University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Clara Hospital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte K. Y. Ng
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Piscuoglio
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Salvatore Piscuoglio
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Chorfi L, Fercha A, Derouiche F, Sebihi FZ, Houhou D, Chorfi K, Bendjemana K. N-Acetyltransferase 2, Glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma in an Algerian population. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:99-104. [PMID: 35138223 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2040642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the potential association of genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase M1/T1 (GSTM1, GSTT1), and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) genes and epidemiological parameters with the risk of HCC in the Algerian population.A case-control study including 132 confirmed HCC patients and 141 cancer-free controls was performed. Genotyping analysis was performed using conventional multiplex PCR and PCR-RFLP. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).GSTM1 null and NAT2 slow acetylator genotypes confer an increased risk to HCC (OR =1.88, 95% CI 1.16-3.05; OR =2.30, 95% CI 1.26-4.18, respectively). This association was prevalent in smokers (OR =2.00, 95% CI 1.05-3.8 and OR =2.55, 95% CI 1.22-5.34, respectively). No significant association was observed for GSTT1 null genotype in the contribution to HCC risk (OR =0.76, 95% CI 0.46-1.27).In conclusion, the GSTM1 and NAT2 gene polymorphisms are positively associated with the risk of HCC in older men and especially in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia Chorfi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria
| | - Azzedine Fercha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria
| | - Faouzia Derouiche
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria
| | - Fatima Zohra Sebihi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Frères Mentouri University, Constantine 25017, Algeria
| | - Dallal Houhou
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria
| | - Keltoum Chorfi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria
| | - Katia Bendjemana
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela, Algeria
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Chao X, Miao F, Feng X, Shi H, Wang Y, Wu J, Zhao L, Zhang W, Jiang C. ADCY2 rs10059539 C>T polymorphism confers a decreased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese Han women. Eur J Cancer Prev 2021; 30:351-356. [PMID: 34010241 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a serious threat to human health. ADCY2 gene polymorphisms may be related to HCC susceptibility. Therefore, we investigated whether ADCY2 gene polymorphisms are correlated to the risk of HCC in a Chinese Han population. METHODS In a case-control study, we examined the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ADCY2 and HCC risk. In 434 HCC cases and 442 healthy controls, we used the Agena MassARRAY platform to select and genotype four tag SNPs in ADCY2. We used logistic regression after adjusting for age and sex to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The results showed that ADCY2 rs10059539 polymorphism was associated with a reduced susceptibility to HCC in women under the dominant model (TC/TT vs. CC; OR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.13-0.83; P = 0.018) and the log-additive model (OR = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.13-0.83; P = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that ADCY2 gene polymorphisms influence the genetic susceptibility to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital
- The College of Basic medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang
| | | | - Xuesong Feng
- The College of Basic medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang
| | - Hailong Shi
- The College of Basic medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang
| | - Yuewen Wang
- The College of Basic medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang
| | | | | | | | - Chao Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Brahma MK, Gilglioni EH, Zhou L, Trépo E, Chen P, Gurzov EN. Oxidative stress in obesity-associated hepatocellular carcinoma: sources, signaling and therapeutic challenges. Oncogene 2021; 40:5155-5167. [PMID: 34290399 PMCID: PMC9277657 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01950-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity affects more than 650 million individuals worldwide and is a well-established risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Oxidative stress can be considered as a bona fide tumor promoter, contributing to the initiation and progression of liver cancer. Indeed, one of the key events involved in HCC progression is excessive levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting from the fatty acid influx and chronic inflammation. This review provides insights into the different intracellular sources of obesity-induced ROS and molecular mechanisms responsible for hepatic tumorigenesis. In addition, we highlight recent findings pointing to the role of the dysregulated activity of BCL-2 proteins and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) in the generation of hepatic oxidative stress and ROS-mediated dysfunctional signaling, respectively. Finally, we discuss the potential and challenges of novel nanotechnology strategies to prevent ROS formation in obesity-associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoja K Brahma
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eduardo H Gilglioni
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lang Zhou
- Materials Research and Education Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, United States
| | - Eric Trépo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and Digestive Oncology, C.U.B. Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Gastroenterology, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Materials Research and Education Center, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, United States
| | - Esteban N Gurzov
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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Dos Santos SP, Morissugui SS, Gimenez Martins APD, Fernandes GMDM, Russo A, Galbiatti-Dias ALS, Castanhole-Nunes MMU, Francisco JLE, Pavarino ÉC, Goloni-Bertollo EM. Evaluation of molecular markers GSTM1 and GSTT1 and clinical factors in breast cancer: case-control study and literature review. Xenobiotica 2021; 51:1326-1334. [PMID: 34096444 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2021.1938291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the frequency of polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes in patients with breast cancer compared with individuals without history of cancer, and the association of these polymorphisms with clinical/epidemiological parameters.There were evaluated 752 women (219 patients and 533 controls). Molecular analysis was performed by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Statistical analysis was used multiple logistic regression and descriptive statistics.Age ≥50 years (OR =3.22, 95% CI =2.30 - 4.51, p <0.001) and alcohol consumption (OR =1.60, 95% CI =1.13 - 2.27, p = 0.008) were associated to the development of breast cancer, while smoking and null genotypes GSTM1 and GSTT1 presented no association. GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms presented no relationship with the clinical and histopathological parameters or molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Ninety-two percent of tumors were invasive ductal, 66% were grade II, 65% were larger than 2 cm, the stages II (35.3%) and III (31.2%) were the most prevalent, and 47.7% were molecular subtype luminal B.Individuals aged ≥50 years and alcohol consumers have more chance to developing breast cancer. GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms are not associated to the risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Piacenti Dos Santos
- Molecular Biology: Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, São José do Rio Preto Medical School - FAMERP, São Jose do Rio Preto/SP, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Sayuri Morissugui
- Molecular Biology: Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, São José do Rio Preto Medical School - FAMERP, São Jose do Rio Preto/SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula D'Alarme Gimenez Martins
- Molecular Biology: Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, São José do Rio Preto Medical School - FAMERP, São Jose do Rio Preto/SP, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Maria de Mendonça Fernandes
- Molecular Biology: Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, São José do Rio Preto Medical School - FAMERP, São Jose do Rio Preto/SP, Brazil
| | - Anelise Russo
- Molecular Biology: Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, São José do Rio Preto Medical School - FAMERP, São Jose do Rio Preto/SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lívia Silva Galbiatti-Dias
- Molecular Biology: Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, São José do Rio Preto Medical School - FAMERP, São Jose do Rio Preto/SP, Brazil
| | | | - José Luis Esteves Francisco
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, São José do Rio Preto Medical School Fundation - FAMERP/FUNFARME, São José do Rio Preto/SP, Brazil.,São José do Rio Preto Medical School Fundation - FUNFARME, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Érika Cristina Pavarino
- Molecular Biology: Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, São José do Rio Preto Medical School - FAMERP, São Jose do Rio Preto/SP, Brazil.,São José do Rio Preto Medical School Fundation - FUNFARME, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Eny Maria Goloni-Bertollo
- Molecular Biology: Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit, São José do Rio Preto Medical School - FAMERP, São Jose do Rio Preto/SP, Brazil.,São José do Rio Preto Medical School Fundation - FUNFARME, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
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Barcena-Varela M, Lujambio A. The Endless Sources of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Heterogeneity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112621. [PMID: 34073538 PMCID: PMC8198457 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumor heterogeneity in liver cancer is a major contributor to the high lethality rate found in patients suffering from this disease. The therapeutic outcomes are drastically affected by this heterogeneity, which complicates patient stratification and response prediction. Better understanding of all the factors that can contribute to this heterogeneity will be critical to improve our understanding of liver cancer, in order to optimize the outcome of patients. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a global health problem. The incidence keeps increasing and current therapeutic options confer limited benefits to the patients. Tumor heterogeneity plays a central role in this context, limiting the availability of predictive biomarkers and complicating the criteria used to choose the most suitable therapeutic option. HCC heterogeneity occurs at different levels: within the population (inter-patient heterogeneity) and within tumors from the same patient (intra-patient and intra-tumor heterogeneity). Experts in the field have made many efforts to classify the patients based on clinicopathological characteristics and molecular signatures; however, there is still much work ahead to be able to integrate the extra-tumor heterogeneity that emerges from the complexity of the tumor microenvironment, which plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of the disease and therapy responses. In this review, we summarize tumor intrinsic and extrinsic sources of heterogeneity of the most common etiologies of HCC and summarize the most recent discoveries regarding the evolutionary trajectory of liver cancer cells and the influence of tumor-extrinsic factors such as the microbiome and the host immune system. We further highlight the potential of novel high-throughput methodologies to contribute to a better understanding of this devastating disease and to the improvement of the clinical management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Barcena-Varela
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- The Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Amaia Lujambio
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- The Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +1-212-824-9338
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11
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Damavandi N, Zeinali S. Association of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (GSTM1 and GSTT 1), and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) genetic polymorphisms with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1225-1231. [PMID: 33492571 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06142-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that genetic polymorphisms of the Glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 (GSTM1 and GSTT1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) are associated with the presence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in many populations. This study was conducted to investigate the association of the GSTM1, GSTT1, TNF-α rs1800629, and IL-6 rs1800795 with NAFLD in the general Iranian population. A case-control analysis included 242 NAFLD patients and 324 healthy controls from Iranian adults. After the physical examination, the genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR). The GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null, TNF-α AG/AA, and IL-6 CG/CC genotypes were deemed to be high-risk. The null allele of GSTM1 and A allele of TNF-α were more frequent in NAFLD patients even after Bonferroni's correction (P values<0.005, adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.66 and 2.02; 95% confidence intervals (CI), (1.18-2.32) and (1.34-3.34), respectively. The IL-6 CC/CG genotype association with NAFLD was not significant after correction (P value = 0.04) Polymorphisms of xenobiotic and pro-inflammatory genes are associated with NAFLD in the Iranian population and seem to be a useful tool for NAFLD prevention and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Damavandi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Dr. Zeinali's Medical Genetics Laboratory, Kawsar Human Genetics Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sirous Zeinali
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. .,Dr. Zeinali's Medical Genetics Laboratory, Kawsar Human Genetics Research Center, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41572-020-00240-3 order by 1-- #] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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13
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Llovet JM, Kelley RK, Villanueva A, Singal AG, Pikarsky E, Roayaie S, Lencioni R, Koike K, Zucman-Rossi J, Finn RS. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021; 7:6. [PMID: 33479224 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-020-00240-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2620] [Impact Index Per Article: 873.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer remains a global health challenge, with an estimated incidence of >1 million cases by 2025. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of liver cancer and accounts for ~90% of cases. Infection by hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus are the main risk factors for HCC development, although non-alcoholic steatohepatitis associated with metabolic syndrome or diabetes mellitus is becoming a more frequent risk factor in the West. Moreover, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-associated HCC has a unique molecular pathogenesis. Approximately 25% of all HCCs present with potentially actionable mutations, which are yet to be translated into the clinical practice. Diagnosis based upon non-invasive criteria is currently challenged by the need for molecular information that requires tissue or liquid biopsies. The current major advancements have impacted the management of patients with advanced HCC. Six systemic therapies have been approved based on phase III trials (atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, sorafenib, lenvatinib, regorafenib, cabozantinib and ramucirumab) and three additional therapies have obtained accelerated FDA approval owing to evidence of efficacy. New trials are exploring combination therapies, including checkpoint inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors or anti-VEGF therapies, or even combinations of two immunotherapy regimens. The outcomes of these trials are expected to change the landscape of HCC management at all evolutionary stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep M Llovet
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. .,Translational Research in Hepatic Oncology, Liver Unit, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Institució Catalana d'Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Robin Kate Kelley
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Augusto Villanueva
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amit G Singal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Eli Pikarsky
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sasan Roayaie
- White Plains Hospital Center for Cancer Care, Montefiore Health, White Plains, NY, USA
| | - Riccardo Lencioni
- Department of Radiology, Pisa University School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Radiology, Miami Cancer Insitute, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Koike
- The University of Tokyo, Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.,Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Richard S Finn
- Department of Oncology, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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14
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Hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41572-020-00240-3 and 1880=1880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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15
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Hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41572-020-00240-3 order by 1-- -] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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16
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Hepatocellular carcinoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41572-020-00240-3 order by 1-- gadu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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17
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Association of GSTM1 and GSTT1 Null Deletions and GSTP1 rs1695 Polymorphism with the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.105632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Context: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as the most common type of primary liver cancer (accounting for 70% - 90% of all liver cancers), is the seventh most common malignancy worldwide. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a specific group of enzymes that are responsible for the detoxification of carcinogens. According to the available literature, genetic variations in this group of enzymes may be associated with the risk of HCC. In this study, we aimed to assess the association of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null deletions and GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism with the risk of HCC. Methods: We systematically searched electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, using appropriate keywords to gather relevant data until March 2019. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis, using either fixed- or random-effects models based on the presence of heterogeneity. Results: This meta-analysis pooled 19 studies for GSTM1 null deletions, 14 studies for GSTT1 null deletions, and five studies for GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism. In terms of heterogeneity, the pooled odds ratio (OR) was calculated in a random-effects model for both Asian and non-Asian populations. HCC was found to be associated with GSTM1 null deletions (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.00 - 1.58, P = 0.05) and GSTT1 null deletions (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.10 - 1.74, P = 0.005); however, no significant association was found between HCC and GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.86 - 1.50, P = 0.36). Conclusions: We found that GSTM1 and GSTT1 null deletions increased the risk of HCC; however, the GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism did not have a similar effect.
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Sindi IA, Babalghith AO, Tayeb MT, Mufti AH, Naffadi H, Ekram SN, Elhawary EN, Alenezi M, Elhawary NA. Risk of Colorectal Carcinoma May Predispose to the Genetic Variants of the GST, CYP450, and TP53 Genes Among Nonsmokers in the Saudi Community. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:1311-1323. [PMID: 33883929 PMCID: PMC8055278 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s294802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) represents a considerable public health burden in Saudi Arabia. Several candidate genes and genetic variants have been associated with morbidity and mortality among patients with CRC. We explored whether allelic variants of the GSTM1, GSTT1, CYP450 (rs4646903 and rs1048943), and TP53 (rs1042522) genes predisposed nonsmoking Saudi individuals to increased risk for CRC. PATIENTS AND METHODS DNA from buccal cells of 158 participants (80 with CRC and 78 healthy controls) were analyzed for five SNPs using conventional PCR and TaqMan genotyping assays. The SNPStats software was utilized to choose the best interactive inheritance mode for selected SNPs (https://www.snpstats.net). RESULTS The mean age of diagnosis was 62.4±13.5 years (range, 40-83 years), with those aged 71-80 years and those aged 40-50 years accounting for the most diagnoses (35.7% and 28.6% of diagnosis, respectively). The GSTM1 and TP53 rs1042522 SNPs were associated with CRC (OR= 3.7; P< 0.0001, and OR= 1.6; P= 0.033, respectively). A plausible contribution to CRC was observed for the GSTM1 and TP53 rs1042522 SNPs (x 2 Yates= 14.7; P= 0.00013, and x 2 Yates= 11.2; P= 0.0008, respectively), while the GSTT1 null variant did not affect risk. Heterozygosity in the CYP450 (rs4646903 and rs1048943 SNPs) was associated with a significant risk for CRC. The GSTM1/GSTT1 and CYP450 rs4646903/rs1048943 SNP pairs were in linkage disequilibrium, and the associations were statistically significant (P= 0.01 and P= 4.6x10‒7, respectively). CONCLUSION The GSTM1 and TP53 rs1042522 variants can increase the development of CRC in Saudi nonsmokers. Even the presence of one copy of a variant allele in the CYP1A1 gene can predispose CRC risk. Additional studies should also examine other SNP combinations with lifestyle factors that may help prevent, rather than facilitate, colorectal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikhlas A Sindi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Ikhlas A Sindi Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia Email
| | - Ahmed O Babalghith
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed T Tayeb
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H Mufti
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Naffadi
- Common Science, First Year Deanship, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar N Ekram
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Abdullah City Hospital, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ezzeldin N Elhawary
- MS Genomic Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October Modern Sciences and Arts University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Munaifah Alenezi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser A Elhawary
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Correspondence: Nasser A Elhawary Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 57543, Mecca, 21955, Saudi ArabiaTel +966 55 369 2180 Email
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Hartwig A, Arand M, Epe B, Guth S, Jahnke G, Lampen A, Martus HJ, Monien B, Rietjens IMCM, Schmitz-Spanke S, Schriever-Schwemmer G, Steinberg P, Eisenbrand G. Mode of action-based risk assessment of genotoxic carcinogens. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1787-1877. [PMID: 32542409 PMCID: PMC7303094 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02733-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The risk assessment of chemical carcinogens is one major task in toxicology. Even though exposure has been mitigated effectively during the last decades, low levels of carcinogenic substances in food and at the workplace are still present and often not completely avoidable. The distinction between genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens has traditionally been regarded as particularly relevant for risk assessment, with the assumption of the existence of no-effect concentrations (threshold levels) in case of the latter group. In contrast, genotoxic carcinogens, their metabolic precursors and DNA reactive metabolites are considered to represent risk factors at all concentrations since even one or a few DNA lesions may in principle result in mutations and, thus, increase tumour risk. Within the current document, an updated risk evaluation for genotoxic carcinogens is proposed, based on mechanistic knowledge regarding the substance (group) under investigation, and taking into account recent improvements in analytical techniques used to quantify DNA lesions and mutations as well as "omics" approaches. Furthermore, wherever possible and appropriate, special attention is given to the integration of background levels of the same or comparable DNA lesions. Within part A, fundamental considerations highlight the terms hazard and risk with respect to DNA reactivity of genotoxic agents, as compared to non-genotoxic agents. Also, current methodologies used in genetic toxicology as well as in dosimetry of exposure are described. Special focus is given on the elucidation of modes of action (MOA) and on the relation between DNA damage and cancer risk. Part B addresses specific examples of genotoxic carcinogens, including those humans are exposed to exogenously and endogenously, such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and the corresponding alcohols as well as some alkylating agents, ethylene oxide, and acrylamide, but also examples resulting from exogenous sources like aflatoxin B1, allylalkoxybenzenes, 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f] quinoxaline (MeIQx), benzo[a]pyrene and pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Additionally, special attention is given to some carcinogenic metal compounds, which are considered indirect genotoxins, by accelerating mutagenicity via interactions with the cellular response to DNA damage even at low exposure conditions. Part C finally encompasses conclusions and perspectives, suggesting a refined strategy for the assessment of the carcinogenic risk associated with an exposure to genotoxic compounds and addressing research needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hartwig
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Applied Biosciences (IAB), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Michael Arand
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Epe
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine Guth
- Department of Toxicology, IfADo-Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, TU Dortmund, Ardeystr. 67, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Gunnar Jahnke
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Applied Biosciences (IAB), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alfonso Lampen
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Martus
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Monien
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ivonne M C M Rietjens
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Schmitz-Spanke
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestr. 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerlinde Schriever-Schwemmer
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Institute of Applied Biosciences (IAB), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Adenauerring 20a, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Pablo Steinberg
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str. 9, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gerhard Eisenbrand
- Retired Senior Professor for Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Kühler Grund 48/1, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany.
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McAlister VC. Anti-donor immunoglobulin G subclass in liver transplantation. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2019; 8:125-128. [PMID: 31098359 PMCID: PMC6503250 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn.2018.12.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses in human health and immunity have only be sporadically studied in the half century since their discovery. Different patterns of IgG subclass production are seen if the immune response is deviated towards type 1 versus type 2. The current state of our knowledge of IgG subclasses in liver transplantation is reviewed here. While several studies have been conducted in liver disease, only four relatively small studies have been undertaken in liver transplant recipients. Total IgG4 elevation in serum is related to sclerosing pancreatico-cholangiopathy that is sensitive to treatment with steroids. Conventional immunosuppressive regimes, especially with a combination of tacrolimus and sirolimus, reduce the production of all IgG subclasses after transplantation but it is not known if they deviate the immune response. Presence of anti-donor IgG3 before transplantation, or its expansion after transplantation, has been associated with rejection and liver graft loss. Anti-GSTT1 IgG4 production after transplantation is associated with de-novo immune hepatitis. Greater knowledge of anti-donor IgG subclass responses after transplantation will allow us tailor novel treatments for greater effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian C McAlister
- Department of Surgery, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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21
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Lin X, Xu T, Wu B, Hu B, Qin M. Correlation of GSTM1 gene deletion in joint synovial fluid with the recovery of patients undergoing artificial hip replacement. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:3821-3826. [PMID: 30344658 PMCID: PMC6176142 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the correlation between glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) gene polymorphism and the recovery of patients undergoing artificial hip replacement. A total of 241 patients including 149 males (61.8%) and 92 females (38.9%) who received artificial hip replacement in People's Hospital of Rizhao between December 2010 and October 2016 were enrolled to serve as the observation group. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to the loss of GSTM1. A total of 80 healthy subjects who udenrwent a physical examination in our hospital at the same period were selected to serve as the control group. The control group included 41 males (51.25%) and 39 females (48.75%). GSTM1 gene genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). All patients were followed up for 12 months. Clinical data were compared between the deletion and non-deletion groups and the hospitalization time and the length of the use of antibiotics were compared. Deletion rate of GSTM1 gene in the observation group was 67.63%, which was significantly different from that in the healthy control group [odds ratio (OR)=1.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.075–2.023, P<0.05]. Notably, a significant difference was indicated in the recovery between patients with and without GSTM1 gene deletion after a year discharged from hospital (P<0.05). There was no significant difference according to sex, age, hypertension, smoking history, leukocyte, hemoglobin, platelet and BMI index between patients in deletion and non-deletion groups (P>0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the number of patients with diabetes between the two groups (P<0.05). Hospitalization time and the length of antibiotics use were significantly longer in deletion group compared with non-deletion group (P<0.05). Infection rate in the deletion group was significantly higher than that in the non-deletion group. Results suggested that GSTM1 gene polymorphism may be correlated with recovery of patients undergoing artificial hip replacement, and GSTM1 gene deletion may correlated with poor recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, P.R. China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Juxian People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276500, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong 272001, P.R. China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Ultrasound, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, P.R. China
| | - Ming Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, P.R. China
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The Potential Role of TNF-α (rs361525 and rs1800629) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Multivariate Analysis (Meta-Analysis). J Gastrointest Cancer 2018; 50:744-749. [PMID: 30027452 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-018-0135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor necrosis factor-α has been suggested to play a crucial role in the development andprogression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous reports have indicated that rs361525 and rs1800629 might be risk factors for various cancers. Increasing studies have been conducted on the association of these two SNPs with HCC risk but the results remain inconclusive. METHODS In order to detect association between TNF- α and HCC, a meta-analysis was performed. Five studies with 541 cases and 795 controls were used for rs361525, while six studies including 925 cases and 1307 controls were collected for investigating rs1800629. The grouping of countries from data were obtained was done by Principal Coordinate Analysis plot (PCA). Moreover, association between geographical area and grouping of genotypes was determined by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). RESULTS Our meta-analysis showed that rs361525 and rs1800629 were not significantly associated with the risk of HCC. CCA analysis illustrated that there was not any correlation between genotype distribution and geographical distance for rs1800629 but there was significant correlation between genotype distribution and geographical features for rs361525. PCA analysis for both SNPs showed India and Korea were placed near each other and also China and Brazil were in same part of PCA plot. CONCLUSION To sum up, this meta-analysis suggests that the rs361525 and rs1800629 are not associated with HCC development while geographical distance effect on rs361525 genetic inheritance but not effect on rs1800629. However, it is necessary to conduct further studies with larger sample. Moreover, gene-gene and gene-environment interactions should also be considered.
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23
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Ringelhan M, McKeating JA, Protzer U. Viral hepatitis and liver cancer. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 372:rstb.2016.0274. [PMID: 28893941 PMCID: PMC5597741 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B and C viruses are a global health problem causing acute and chronic infections that can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These infections are the leading cause for HCC worldwide and are associated with significant mortality, accounting for more than 1.3 million deaths per year. Owing to its high incidence and resistance to treatment, liver cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, with HCC representing approximately 90% of all primary liver cancer cases. The majority of viral-associated HCC cases develop in subjects with liver cirrhosis; however, hepatitis B virus infection can promote HCC development without prior end-stage liver disease. Thus, understanding the role of hepatitis B and C viral infections in HCC development is essential for the future design of treatments and therapies for this cancer. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on hepatitis B and C virus hepatocarcinogenesis and highlight direct and indirect risk factors. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Human oncogenic viruses’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ringelhan
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Muenchen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hopsital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Muenchen, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Munich
| | - Jane A McKeating
- Institute for Advanced Science, Technical University of Munich, Muenchen, Germany .,Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Trogerstrasse 30, 81675 Muenchen, Germany .,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Munich.,Institute for Advanced Science, Technical University of Munich, Muenchen, Germany
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Han YD, Wang XB, Cui NH, Zhang S, Wang C, Zheng F. Associations of P16INK4a promoter hypermethylation with squamous intra-epithelial lesion, cervical cancer and their clinicopathological features: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:1871-1883. [PMID: 27669738 PMCID: PMC5352104 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the associations of P16INK4a methylation status with low-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion (LSIL), high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion (HSIL), cervical cancer (CC) and their clinicopathological features, a meta-analysis with 29 eligible studies was conducted. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess the strength of the associations. Heterogeneity, sensitivity of pooled results and publication bias were also evaluated. Overall, there was an increasing trend of P16INK4a hypermethylation rates among LSIL (21.4%), HSIL (30.9%) and CC (35.0%) specimens. P16INK4a hypermethylation was significantly associated with the increased risk of LSIL, HSIL and CC, with the pooled ORs of 3.26 (95% CI: 1.86-5.71), 5.80 (95% CI: 3.80-8.84) and 12.17 (95% CI: 5.86-25.27), respectively. A significant association was also found between P16INK4a hypermethylation and smoking habit (OR = 3.88, 95% CI: 2.13-7.08). Taken together, meta-analysis results support P16INK4a hypermethylation as an epigenetic marker for the progression of cervical carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-di Han
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ning-Hua Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Zou J, Li H, Huang Q, Liu X, Qi X, Wang Y, Lu L, Liu Z. Dopamine-induced SULT1A3/4 promotes EMT and cancer stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317719272. [PMID: 29025375 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317719272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma has the second highest incidence rate among malignant cancers in China. Hepatocellular carcinoma development is complex because of the metabolism disequilibrium involving SULT1A3/4, a predominant sulfotransferase that metabolizes sulfonic xenobiotics and endogenous catecholamines. However, the correlation between SULT1A3/4 and hepatocellular carcinoma progression is unclear. By utilizing immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical analysis, we found that in nine hepatocellular carcinoma clinical specimens, SULT1A3/4 was abundantly expressed in tumor tissues compared to that in the adjacent tissues. Moreover, liver cancer cells (HepG2, MHCC97-L, and MHCC97-H) had higher basal expression of SULT1A3/4 than immortalized liver cells (L02 and Chang liver). Ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay results further revealed that the concentration of dopamine (a substrate of SULT1A3/4) was negatively correlated with SULT1A3/4 protein expression. As a transcriptional regulator of SULT1A3/4 in turn, dopamine was used to induce SULT1A3/4 in vitro. Interestingly, dopamine significantly induced SULT1A3/4 expression in liver cancer HepG2 cells, while decreased that in L02 cells. More importantly, the expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition biomarkers (N-cadherin and vimentin) and cell stemness biomarkers (nanog, sox2, and oct3/4) considerably increased in HepG2 with dopamine-induced SULT1A3/4, whereas in L02, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell-associated proteins were contrarily decreased. Furthermore, invasion and migration assays further revealed that dopamine-induced SULT1A3/4 dramatically stimulated the metastatic capacity of HepG2 cells. Our results implied that SULT1A3/4 exhibited bidirectional effect on tumor and normal hepatocytes and may thus provide a novel strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma clinical targeting. In addition, SULT1A3/4 re-expression could serve as a biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zou
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianling Huang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qi
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Lu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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The rs3957357C>T SNP in GSTA1 Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Occurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in European Individuals. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167543. [PMID: 27936036 PMCID: PMC5147914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) detoxify toxic molecules by conjugation with reduced glutathione and regulate cell signaling. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of GST genes have been suggested to affect GST functions and thus to increase the risk of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As GSTA1 is expressed in hepatocytes and the rs3957357C>T (TT) SNP is known to downregulate GSTA1 mRNA expression, the aims of this study were: (i) to explore the relationship between the TT SNP in GSTA1 and the occurrence of HCC; (ii) to measure GSTA1 mRNA expression in HCCs. For that purpose, we genotyped non-tumor-tissue-derived DNA from 48 HCC patients and white-blood-cell-derived DNA from 37 healthy individuals by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). In addition, expression of GSTA1 mRNA was assessed by real-time PCR in 18 matching pairs of HCCs and non-tumor livers. Survival analysis was performed on an annotated microarray dataset containing 247 HCC patients (GSE14520). The GSTA1 TT genotype was more frequent in HCC than in non-HCC patients (27% versus 5%, respectively), suggesting that individuals carrying this genotype could be associated with 2-fold higher risk of developing HCCs (odds ratio = 2.1; p = 0.02). Also, we found that GSTA1 mRNA expression was lower in HCCs than in non-tumor livers. HCCs expressing the highest GSTA1 mRNA levels were the smallest in size (R = -0.67; p = 0.007), expressed the highest levels of liver-enriched genes such as ALB (albumin, R = -0.67; p = 0.007) and COL18A1 (procollagen type XVIII, R = -0.50; p = 0.03) and showed the most favorable disease-free (OR = 0.54; p<0.001) and overall (OR = 0.56; p = 0.006) outcomes. Moreover, GSTA1 was found within a 263-gene network involved in well-differentiated hepatocyte functions. In conclusion, HCCs are characterized by two GSTA1 features: the TT SNP and reduced GSTA1 gene expression in a context of hepatocyte de-differentiation.
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Gao C. Molecular pathological epidemiology in diabetes mellitus and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2016; 8:1119-1127. [PMID: 27721917 PMCID: PMC5037325 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i27.1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) is a multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary study field, which has emerged as an integrated approach of molecular pathology and epidemiology, and investigates the relationship between exogenous and endogenous exposure factors, tumor molecular signatures, and tumor initiation, progression, and response to treatment. Molecular epidemiology broadly encompasses MPE and conventional-type molecular epidemiology. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-associated death worldwide and remains as a major public health challenge. Over the past few decades, a number of epidemiological studies have demonstrated that diabetes mellitus (DM) is an established independent risk factor for HCC. However, how DM affects the occurrence and development of HCC remains as yet unclearly understood. MPE may be a promising approach to investigate the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis of DM in HCC, and provide some useful insights for this pathological process, although a few challenges must be overcome. This review highlights the recent advances in this field, including: (1) introduction of MPE; (2) HCC, risk factors, and DM as an established independent risk factor for HCC; (3) molecular pathology, molecular epidemiology, and MPE in DM and HCC; and (4) MPE studies in DM and risk of HCC. More MPE studies are expected to be performed in future and I believe that this field can provide some very important insights on the molecular mechanisms, diagnosis, personalized prevention and treatment for DM and risk of HCC.
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Choo SP, Tan WL, Goh BKP, Tai WM, Zhu AX. Comparison of hepatocellular carcinoma in Eastern versus Western populations. Cancer 2016; 122:3430-3446. [PMID: 27622302 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous disease that remains highly prevalent in many Asian countries and is the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Significant differences exist between Eastern and Western populations on many key aspects of HCC, contributing to the potential different treatment outcomes and challenges of clinical trial design and data interpretation. In this review, the authors compare HCC in Asia versus the West and highlight 1) differences in terms of epidemiology and trends and their correlation with etiology, 2) differences in genetics and how they relate to underlying etiology, 3) differences in treatment approaches based on existing guidelines and consensus statements, and 4) differences in clinical outcomes for Asian versus non-Asian patients with HCC in clinical trials and the implications for future clinical trial design. Cancer 2016;122:3430-3446. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Pin Choo
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore
| | - Wan Ling Tan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore
| | - Brian K P Goh
- Department of Hepato-Pancreaticobiliary Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Wai Meng Tai
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, Singapore
| | - Andrew X Zhu
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Mathew S, Abdel-Hafiz H, Raza A, Fatima K, Qadri I. Host nucleotide polymorphism in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2016; 8:485-498. [PMID: 27057306 PMCID: PMC4820640 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i10.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is etiologically linked with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and is the leading cause of death amongst 80% of HBV patients. Among HBV affected patients, genetic factors are also involved in modifying the risk factors of HCC. However, the genetic factors that regulate progression to HCC still remain to be determined. In this review, we discuss several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which were reportedly associated with increased or reduced risk of HCC occurrence in patients with chronic HBV infection such as cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression specifically at COX-2 -1195G/A in Chinese, Turkish and Egyptian populations, tumor necrosis factor α and the three most commonly studied SNPs: PAT-/+, Lys939Gln (A33512C, rs2228001) and Ala499Val (C21151T, rs2228000). In genome-wide association studies, strong associations have also been found at loci 1p36.22, 11q22.3, 6p21 (rs1419881, rs3997872, rs7453920 and rs7768538), 8p12 (rs2275959 and rs37821974) and 22q11.21. The genes implicated in these studies include HLA-DQB2, HLA-DQA1, TCF19, HLA-C, UBE2L3, LTL, FDX1, MICA, UBE4B and PG. The SNPs found to be associated with the above-mentioned genes still require validation in association studies in order to be considered good prognostic candidates for HCC. Screening of these polymorphisms is very beneficial in clinical experiments to stratify the higher or lower risk for HCC and may help in designing effective and efficient HCC surveillance programs for chronic HBV-infected patients if further genetic vulnerabilities are detected.
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Levrero M, Zucman-Rossi J. Mechanisms of HBV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2016; 64:S84-S101. [PMID: 27084040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 571] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development through direct and indirect mechanisms. HBV DNA integration into the host genome occurs at early steps of clonal tumor expansion and induces both genomic instability and direct insertional mutagenesis of diverse cancer-related genes. Prolonged expression of the viral regulatory protein HBx and/or altered versions of the preS/S envelope proteins dysregulates cell transcription and proliferation control and sensitizes liver cells to carcinogenic factors. Accumulation of preS1 large envelope proteins and/or preS2/S mutant proteins activates the unfold proteins response, that can contribute to hepatocyte transformation. Epigenetic changes targeting the expression of tumor suppressor genes occur early in the development of HCC. A major role is played by the HBV protein, HBx, which is recruited on cellular chromatin and modulates chromatin dynamics at specific gene loci. Compared with tumors associated with other risk factors, HBV-related tumors have a higher rate of chromosomal alterations, p53 inactivation by mutations and overexpression of fetal liver/hepatic progenitor cells genes. The WNT/β-catenin pathway is also often activated but HBV-related tumors display a low rate of activating β-catenin mutations. HBV-related HCCs may arise on non-cirrhotic livers, further supporting the notion that HBV plays a direct role in liver transformation by triggering both common and etiology specific oncogenic pathways in addition to stimulating the host immune response and driving liver chronic necro-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Levrero
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL) - INSERM U1052, Lyon, France; IIT Centre for Life Nanoscience (CLNS), Rome, Italy; Dept of Internal Medicine (DMISM), Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Inserm, UMR-1162, Génomique Fonctionnelle des Tumeurs Solides, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France; Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Santé, Médecine, Biologie Humaine, Bobigny, France; Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
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Sakai K, Loza E, Roig GVG, Nozaki R, Asai T, Ikoma T, Tsuchiya Y, Kiyohara C, Yamamoto M, Nakamura K. CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and TP53 Polymorphisms and Risk of Gallbladder Cancer in Bolivians. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:781-4. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.2.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Sun Q, Guo X, Wang Q, Zhao F. The association of TNF-308 (G/A) gene polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma risk: a meta-analysis. Chin J Cancer Res 2016; 28:536-542. [PMID: 27877013 PMCID: PMC5101228 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2016.05.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Many studies have examined the association between the TNF-308 G/A polymorphism gene polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma risk in various populations, but their results have been inconsistent. To assess this relationship more precisely, a meta-analysis was performed. Methods The PubMed and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) database was searched for case-control studies. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% CIs were used to determine the strength of association between the TNF-308 G/A polymorphisms and HCC risk. The pooled ORs for the risk associated with the TNF-308 G/A genotype, the A carriers (A/G + A/A) vs. the wild-type homozygotes (G/G), A/A vs. G/G were calculated, respectively. Subgroup analyses were done by ethnicity and smoking status. Heterogeneity assumptions were assessed by chi-square-based Q-test. Results Ultimately, 21 studies, comprising 2,923 hepatocellular carcinoma cases and 4,323 controls were included. Overall, the A carriers (G/A + A/A) vs. the wild-type homozygotes (G/G), the pooled OR was 1.05 (95% CI, 0.93-1.19; P=0.000 for heterogeneity), for A/A vs. G/G the pooled OR was 1.07 (95% CI, 0.95-1.21; P=0.007 for heterogeneity). In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, the significantly risks were found among non-Asians. However, for Asians, significantly risks were not found. Conclusions The TNF-308 G/A polymorphisms are not associated with hepatocellular carcinoma risk among Asians, but for non-Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sun
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi 2nd People's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Xuedan Guo
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi 2nd People's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi 2nd People's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi 2nd People's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China
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Zucman-Rossi J, Villanueva A, Nault JC, Llovet JM. Genetic Landscape and Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2015; 149:1226-1239.e4. [PMID: 26099527 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 849] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has emerged as a major cause of cancer-related death. Its mortality has increased in Western populations, with a minority of patients diagnosed at early stages, when curative treatments are feasible. Only the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib is available for the management of advanced cases. During the last 10 years, there has been a clear delineation of the landscape of genetic alterations in HCC, including high-level DNA amplifications in chromosome 6p21 (VEGFA) and 11q13 (FGF19/CNND1), as well as homozygous deletions in chromosome 9 (CDKN2A). The most frequent mutations affect TERT promoter (60%), associated with an increased telomerase expression. TERT promoter can also be affected by copy number variations and hepatitis B DNA insertions, and it can be found mutated in preneoplastic lesions. TP53 and CTNNB1 are the next most prevalent mutations, affecting 25%-30% of HCC patients, that, in addition to low-frequency mutated genes (eg, AXIN1, ARID2, ARID1A, TSC1/TSC2, RPS6KA3, KEAP1, MLL2), help define some of the core deregulated pathways in HCC. Conceptually, some of these changes behave as prototypic oncogenic addiction loops, being ideal biomarkers for specific therapeutic approaches. Data from genomic profiling enabled a proposal of HCC in 2 major molecular clusters (proliferation and nonproliferation), with differential enrichment in prognostic signatures, pathway activation and tumor phenotype. Translation of these discoveries into specific therapeutic decisions is an unmet medical need in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Inserm, UMR-1162, Génomique Fonctionnelle des Tumeurs Solides, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France; Université Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Santé, Médecine, Biologie Humaine, Bobigny, France; Université Paris Diderot, Paris.
| | - Augusto Villanueva
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jean-Charles Nault
- Inserm, UMR-1162, Génomique Fonctionnelle des Tumeurs Solides, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Universitaire d'Hematologie, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Labex Immuno-Oncology, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France; Service d'hépatologie, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France
| | - Josep M Llovet
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Barcelona-Clínic Liver Cancer Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Liver Unit, CIBEREHD, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Wang D, Zhai JX, Zhang LM, Liu DW, Liu XH. EPHX1 Tyr113His polymorphism contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma risk: Evidence from a meta-analysis. Mol Biol 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893315020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Han JH, Lee HJ, Kim TS, Kang MH. The effect of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 polymorphisms on blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid profiles following the supplementation of kale (Brassica oleracea acephala) juice in South Korean subclinical hypertensive patients. Nutr Res Pract 2015; 9:49-56. [PMID: 25671068 PMCID: PMC4317480 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2015.9.1.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Glutathione S-transferase (GST) forms a multigene family of phase II detoxification enzymes which are involved in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species. This study examines whether daily supplementation of kale juice can modulate blood pressure (BP), levels of lipid profiles, and blood glucose, and whether this modulation could be affected by the GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms. SUBJECTS/METHODS 84 subclinical hypertensive patients showing systolic BP over 130 mmHg or diastolic BP over 85 mmHg received 300 ml/day of kale juice for 6 weeks, and blood samples were collected on 0-week and 6-week in order to evaluate plasma lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol) and blood glucose. RESULTS Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was significantly decreased in all patients regardless of their GSTM1 or GSTT1 polymorphisms after kale juice supplementation. Blood glucose level was decreased only in the GSTM1-present genotype, and plasma lipid profiles showed no difference in both the GSTM1-null and GSTM1-present genotypes. In the case of GSTT1, on the other hand, plasma HDL-C was increased and LDL-C was decreased only in the GSTT1-present type, while blood glucose was decreased only in the GSTT1-null genotype. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the supplementation of kale juice affected blood pressure, lipid profiles, and blood glucose in subclinical hypertensive patients depending on their GST genetic polymorphisms, and the improvement of lipid profiles was mainly greater in the GSTT1-present genotype and the decrease of blood glucose was greater in the GSTM1-present or GSTT1-null genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hwa Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Life Science and Nano-technology, Hannam University, 461-6 Jeonmin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Life Science and Nano-technology, Hannam University, 461-6 Jeonmin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Korea
| | - Tae-Seok Kim
- R&D Center, Pulmuone Co., Ltd., Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-600, Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Life Science and Nano-technology, Hannam University, 461-6 Jeonmin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Korea
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Theis WS, Andringa KK, Millender-Swain T, Dickinson DA, Postlethwait EM, Bailey SM. Ozone inhalation modifies the rat liver proteome. Redox Biol 2014; 2:52-60. [PMID: 25544660 PMCID: PMC4297937 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ozone (O3) is a serious public health concern. Recent findings indicate that the damaging health effects of O3 extend to multiple systemic organ systems. Herein, we hypothesize that O3 inhalation will cause downstream alterations to the liver. To test this, male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 0.5 ppm O3 for 8 h/day for 5 days. Plasma liver enzyme measurements showed that 5 day O3 exposure did not cause liver cell death. Proteomic and mass spectrometry analysis identified 10 proteins in the liver that were significantly altered in abundance following short-term O3 exposure and these included several stress responsive proteins. Glucose-regulated protein 78 and protein disulfide isomerase increased, whereas glutathione S-transferase M1 was significantly decreased by O3 inhalation. In contrast, no significant changes were detected for the stress response protein heme oxygenase-1 or cytochrome P450 2E1 and 2B in liver of O3 exposed rats compared to controls. In summary, these results show that an environmentally-relevant exposure to inhaled O3 can alter the expression of select proteins in the liver. We propose that O3 inhalation may represent an important unrecognized factor that can modulate hepatic metabolic functions. Rats were exposed to filtered air (FA) or 0.5 ppm ozone (O3) 8 h/day for 5 days. Using this exposure protocol, O3 caused no detectable lung injury or liver cell death. O3 altered the expression of some drug metabolism and stress proteins in liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney S Theis
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Kelly K Andringa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Telisha Millender-Swain
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Dale A Dickinson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Edward M Postlethwait
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Shannon M Bailey
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Wang XB, Cui NH, Yang J, Qiu XP, Gao JJ, Yang N, Zheng F. Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism is not a major determining factor in the development of sporadic Alzheimer disease: evidence from an updated meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111406. [PMID: 25360660 PMCID: PMC4216072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism have long been linked to sporadic Alzheimer disease (SAD), but the established data remained controversial. To clarify this inconsistency, a comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted. Through searching of Pubmed, Embase, Alzgene, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and manually searching relevant references, 53 independent studies from 48 articles were included, involving a total of 8153 cases and 14932 controls. The strength of association was assessed by using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Further stratified analyses and heterogeneity analyses were tested, as was publication bias. Overall, significant associations were revealed between I/D polymorphism and SAD risk using allelic comparison (OR = 1.09, 95%CI = 1.01–1.17, p = 0.030), homozygote comparison (OR = 1.17, 95%CI = 1.01–1.34, p = 0.030) and the dominant model (OR = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.04–1.29, p = 0.008), but they were not sufficiently robust to withstand the false-positive report probability (FPRP) analyses. Otherwise, in subgroup analyses restricted to the high quality studies, the large sample size studies and studies with population-based controls, no significant association was observed in any genetic models. In summary, the current meta-analysis suggested that the ACE I/D polymorphism is unlikely to be a major determining factor in the development of SAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-bin Wang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ning-hua Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xue-ping Qiu
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jia-jia Gao
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Na Yang
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail:
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Cheng K, Zhao YJ, Liu L, Wan JJ. Tumor necrosis factor-α 238 G/A polymorphism and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: evidence from a meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:3275-9. [PMID: 23803115 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.5.3275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays a very important role in the development and progression of cancer. Many epidemiological studies have evaluated associations between the TNF-α 238 G/A polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk, but the published data are inconclusive. Therefore, we performed the present meta-analysis. METHODS Electronic searches of several databases were conducted for all publications on the association between TNF-α 238 G/A polymorphism and HCC through July 2012. Asummary odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to evaluate the strength of this association. RESULTS Eleven case-control studies with a total of 1,572 HCC cases and 1,875 controls were finally included in this meta-analysis. Overall, the TNF-α 238 G/A polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in three genetic comparison models (For A versus G: OR 1.32, 95%CI 1.04-1.69, P = 0.02, I2 = 40%; for AG versus GG: OR 1.32, 95%CI 1.02-1.71, P = 0.03, I2 = 40%; for AA/AG versus GG: OR 1.33, 95%CI 1.03-1.72, P = 0.03, I2 = 41%) when all studies were pooled. Subgroup analysis by ethnicity further showed that there was a significant association between the TNF-α 238 G/A polymorphism and risk of HCC in Asians under three genetic comparison models (For A versus G: OR 1.30, 95%CI 1.00-1.68, P = 0.05, I2 = 45% for AA/AG versus GG: OR 1.31, 95%CI 1.00-1.71, P = 0.05, I2 = 46%). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis provided convincing evidence that the TNF-α 238 G/A polymorphism is associated with increased susceptibility to HCC. However, more well-designed studies with large sample size are needed to validate this association in Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cheng
- 35 Ward of Transplantation, The Third Xiangya hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Association between murine double minute 2 T309G polymorphism and risk of liver cancer. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:11353-7. [PMID: 25119589 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2432-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
During the past decade, a number of studies were published to evaluate the association between murine double minute 2 (MDM2) T309G polymorphism and risk of liver cancer. However, the association between MDM2 T309G polymorphism and risk of liver cancer was still unclear owing to the conflicting results from those published studies. An undated meta-analysis of all eligible studies was carried out to comprehensively assess the association. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence interval (95% CI) was used to evaluate the association between MDM2 T309G polymorphism and risk of liver cancer. Finally, ten studies with a total of 2,243 cases and 3,471 controls were finally included into the meta-analysis. Overall, there was an association between MDM2 T309G polymorphism and risk of liver cancer (G vs. T: OR=1.39, 95% CI 1.17-1.64, P<0.001; GG vs. TT: OR=1.87, 95% CI 1.34-2.62, P<0.001; GG/GT vs. TT: OR=1.61, 95 % CI 1.24-2.08, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis in Europeans showed that there was also an association between MDM2 T309G polymorphism and risk of liver cancer in Europeans (G vs. T: OR=1.81, 95% CI 1.45-2.27, P<0.001; GG vs. TT: OR=3.26, 95% CI 1.99-5.32, P<0.001; GG/GT vs. TT: OR=2.20, 95% CI 1.58-3.07, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis in Asians showed that there was also an association between MDM2 T309G polymorphism and risk of liver cancer in Asians (G vs. T: OR=1.27, 95% CI 1.06-1.52, P=0.010; GG vs. TT: OR=1.59, 95% CI 1.11-2.27, P=0.011; GG/GT vs. TT: OR=1.41, 95% CI 1.07-1.87, P=0.016). The meta-analysis provides a strong evidence for the association between MDM2 T309G polymorphism and risk of liver cancer.
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Wang D, Zhai JX, Zhang LM, Liu DW. Null genotype of GSTT1 contributes to increased Parkinson's disease risk in Caucasians: evidence from a meta-analysis. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:7423-30. [PMID: 25086621 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Conflicting results in previous case-control studies on the association between Glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) gene polymorphism and Parkinson's disease (PD) risk have been reported, so we conducted this meta-analysis. We searched and extracted data from 3 Chinese and 3 English web-based electronic databases to evaluate the associations by odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) under the recessive genetic comparison model (null genotype vs. present genotype). We also conducted subgroup analyses by ethnicity and adjusted status of OR, respectively. Meta-analyses and subgroup analyses of larger studies (sample size ≥300) were also reanalyzed. When 18 eligible studies (3,963 PD cases and 5,472 controls) were pooled to analyze the association, we found no statistically significant result (OR 1.24, 95% CI 0.96-1.60). In the subgroup analyses by ethnicity, there was statistically significant association between the null genotype of GSTT1 and PD risk among Caucasians, while the associations were not found among Asians and Latinos. In the subgroup analyses by adjusted status of OR, there were no significant associations both in studies with crude OR and adjusted OR. Meta-analyses and subgroup analyses of larger studies (sample size ≥300) were also confirmed the associations mentioned above. Power analysis indicated only meta-analysis of Caucasians had enough evidence to claim the association. In conclusion, the meta-analysis suggests that the null genotype of GSTT1 contributes to PD risk in Caucasians, and no association in Asians is needed more studies to confirm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, China
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Liu HZ, Peng J, Peng CY, Yan M, Zheng F. Glutathione S-transferase M1 Null Genotype and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Susceptibility in China and India: Evidence from an Updated Meta-analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:4851-6. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.12.4851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ethnic background and genetic variation in the evaluation of cancer risk: a systematic review. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97522. [PMID: 24901479 PMCID: PMC4046957 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical use of genetic variation in the evaluation of cancer risk is expanding, and thus understanding how determinants of cancer susceptibility identified in one population can be applied to another is of growing importance. However there is considerable debate on the relevance of ethnic background in clinical genetics, reflecting both the significance and complexity of genetic heritage. We address this via a systematic review of reported associations with cancer risk for 82 markers in 68 studies across six different cancer types, comparing association results between ethnic groups and examining linkage disequilibrium between risk alleles and nearby genetic loci. We find that the relevance of ethnic background depends on the question. If asked whether the association of variants with disease risk is conserved across ethnic boundaries, we find that the answer is yes, the majority of markers show insignificant variability in association with cancer risk across ethnic groups. However if the question is whether a significant association between a variant and cancer risk is likely to reproduce, the answer is no, most markers do not validate in an ethnic group other than the discovery cohort's ancestry. This lack of reproducibility is not attributable to studies being inadequately populated due to low allele frequency in other ethnic groups. Instead, differences in local genomic structure between ethnic groups are associated with the strength of association with cancer risk and therefore confound interpretation of the implied physiologic association tracked by the disease allele. This suggest that a biological association for cancer risk alleles may be broadly consistent across ethnic boundaries, but reproduction of a clinical study in another ethnic group is uncommon, in part due to confounding genomic architecture. As clinical studies are increasingly performed globally this has important implications for how cancer risk stratifiers should be studied and employed.
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Interactive effect of glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 polymorphisms on hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8235-41. [PMID: 24852428 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2071-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) have been involved in the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the interactive effect of GSTM1 and GSTT1 has not been reported previously. The aim of this work was to investigate the interaction and synergism of their variants. We identified nine publications including 1,085 cases and 2,396 controls containing both GSTM1 and GSTT1, and the bi-factor variance analysis of equal repeated test, binary class logistic regression analysis, meta-analysis and probability method were used in this analysis. Data showed there was no interaction between GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotype variation in HCC development. In addition, individuals with at least one null genotype of GSTM1 and GSTT1 had higher susceptibility to HCC (OR = 2.99, 95 % CI 2.21-4.02). In the control group, the probability of individuals with at least one null genotype of GSTM1 and GSTT1 was 0.6624, while in the case group, the probability to develop HCC with at least one null genotype of GSTM1 and GSTT1 increased to 0.1760, which was considered as the changing characteristics of HCC occurrence in Chinese population. Our result suggests that there would be no direct interaction of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotype in HCC risk. We speculate that GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotype variations have their own independent function in HCC development and may mutate independently to cause HCC. The synergism variants of the two genes in HCC development have bigger risk in Chinese population.
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Jia CY, Liu YJ, Cong XL, Ma YS, Sun R, Fu D, Lv ZW. Association of glutathione S-transferase M1, T1, and P1 polymorphisms with renal cell carcinoma: evidence from 11 studies. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:3867-73. [PMID: 24337975 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a gene superfamily of phase II metabolic enzymes that has attracted a considerable attention as a candidate gene for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) based on its enzyme function as a key factor in biotransformation pathways. In the past decade, a number of case-control studies were conducted to investigate the association of GST genetic polymorphisms and RCC risk. However, studies on the association between GST (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1) polymorphisms and RCC remain to be conflicting. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis of 2,189 cases and 3,817 controls from 11 case-control studies was performed. Overall, the summarized odds ratio for RCC of the GSTM1 null and GSTT1 null polymorphisms was 1.02 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91-1.15, P = 0.70) and 1.28 (95% CI 0.96-1.72, P = 0.09), respectively. No significant results were observed in heterozygous and homozygous genotypes when compared with wild-type genotype for GSTP1 I105V polymorphism. However, the GSTM1-GSTT1 interaction analysis showed that the dual null genotype of GSTM1/GSTT1 was significantly associated with an increased RCC risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.42, 95% CI 1.14-1.76, P = 0.001). In the stratified analyses by ethnicity, significant gene-disease association was obtained among Asians for GSTT1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms. In our meta-analysis, the associations between variations of GSTs and RCC may vary in different ethnic populations, and the interaction between unfavorable GST genotypes may exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-You Jia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China
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Yin Y, Feng L, Sun J. Association between glutathione S-transferase M 1 null genotype and risk of ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:4059-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0995-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Teng Z, Wang L, Zhang J, Cai S, Liu Y. Glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk in Chinese population. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:2117-21. [PMID: 24197978 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1281-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) polymorphism has been proven to be associated with risks of several cancers. However, previous studies on the association between GSTM1 polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk in Chinese population reported controversial results. We performed a meta-analysis of 13 studies which were identified through the literature search in PubMed and Wanfang databases. The strength of the association between GSTM1 polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk was measured by odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Overall, GSTM1 null mutation was significantly associated with a risk of colorectal cancer in Chinese population (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.68, P = 0.002). Sensitivity analyses by omitting those studies in turns did not materially alter the overall pooled ORs. The cumulative meta-analyses further showed a trend of an obvious association between GSTM1 null mutation and risk of colorectal cancer in Chinese population as information accumulated by year. The findings from our meta-analysis suggest that GSTM1 null mutation is significantly associated with a risk of colorectal cancer in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Teng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
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Association between glutathione S-transferase M1 null genotype and risk of gallbladder cancer: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:501-5. [PMID: 24136740 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1070-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of enzymes which are involved in the detoxification of potential carcinogens. Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) null genotype can impair the enzyme activity of GSTs and is suspected to increase the susceptibility to gallbladder cancer. Previous studies investigating the association between GSTM1 null genotype and risk of gallbladder cancer reported inconsistent findings. To quantify the association between GSTM1 null genotype and risk of gallbladder cancer, we performed a meta-analysis of published studies. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Wanfang databases for all possible studies. We estimated the pooled odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to assess the association. Meta-analysis of total included studies showed that GSTM1 null genotype was not associated with gallbladder cancer risk (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 0.88-1.46, P = 0.332). Subgroup analysis by ethnicity showed that there was no association between GSTM1 null genotype and risk of gallbladder cancer in both Caucasians and Asians. However, meta-analysis of studies with adjusted estimations showed that GSTM1 null genotype was associated with increased risk of gallbladder cancer (OR = 1.46, 95% CI 1.02-2.09, P = 0.038). Thus, this meta-analysis shows that GSTM1 null genotype is likely to be associated with risk of gallbladder cancer. More studies with well design and large sample size are needed to further validate the association between GSTM1 null genotype and gallbladder cancer.
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Sun H, Han B, Zhai H, Cheng X, Ma K. Significant association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma risk: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:189-93. [PMID: 24132589 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies investigated the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma risk, but the impact of MTHFR C677T polymorphism on hepatocellular carcinoma was still unclear, owing to the obvious inconsistence from those studies. This study aimed to quantify the strength of the association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma risk by performing a meta-analysis. We searched the PubMed and Wanfang databases for studies on the association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma risk. We estimated the pooled odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to assess the association. Fifteen studies with 8,625 participants were finally included into the meta-analysis. Meta-analyses of total 15 studies suggested that MTHFR C677T polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma under two main genetic models (for TT versus CC, OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.03-1.37, P = 0.016; for TT versus CT/CC, OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.01-1.28, P = 0.032). Subgroup meta-analyses suggested that MTHFR C677T polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Asians, but not in Caucasians. Thus, individuals with homozygote genotype TT of MTHFR C677T have obviously increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Sun
- Department of Biliary and Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
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Zhang Y, Yu Q, Yu W, Hu M. Glutathione S-transferase M1 null genotype is associated with increased risk of oral cancer in East Asians: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:3183-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0888-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Liu Y, Kuang S, Zheng J, Zheng J, Jin H, Chen S, Jian Z. Murine double minute 2 rs2279744 polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma risk in East Asians: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:961-5. [PMID: 24061636 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) is a crucial negative regulator of p53 function through several mechanisms. There are many studies performed to assess the association between MDM2 rs2279744 polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma risk, but the impact of MDM2 rs2279744 polymorphism on hepatocellular carcinoma in East Asians is unclear owing to the inconsistent findings from previous studies. We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of epidemiological studies to shed some light on these contradicting results. We used pooled odds ratio (OR) with its 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) to assess the association. Overall, seven studies with a total of 4,993 subjects were finally included. The meta-analysis suggested that MDM2 rs2279744 polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in East Asians (G versus T: OR = 1.27, 95 % CI 1.06-1.52, P = 0.01; GG versus TT: OR = 1.59, 95 % CI 1.11-2.27, P = 0.01; GG/GT versus TT: OR = 1.41, 95 % CI 1.07-1.87, P = 0.02; GG versus TT/GT: OR = 1.32, 95 % CI 1.08-1.62, P = 0.008). Sensitivity analysis by excluding low-quality study still suggested that the association above was still significant. Thus, the findings from the meta-analysis support that MDM2 rs2279744 polymorphism is significantly associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in East Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Liu
- Hepatobiliary Surgery & General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
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