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Balzeau A, Albessard-Ball L, Kubicka AM, Filippo A, Beaudet A, Santos E, Bienvenu T, Arsuaga JL, Bartsiokas A, Berger L, Bermúdez de Castro JM, Brunet M, Carlson KJ, Daura J, Gorgoulis VG, Grine FE, Harvati K, Hawks J, Herries A, Hublin JJ, Hui J, Ives R, Joordens JA, Kaifu Y, Kouloukoussa M, Léger B, Lordkipanidze D, Margvelashvili A, Martin J, Martinón-Torres M, May H, Mounier A, du Plessis A, Rae T, Röding C, Sanz M, Semal P, Stratford D, Stringer C, Tawane M, Temming H, Tsoukala E, Zilhão J, Zipfel B, Buck LT. Frontal sinuses and human evolution. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabp9767. [PMID: 36269821 PMCID: PMC9586476 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abp9767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The frontal sinuses are cavities inside the frontal bone located at the junction between the face and the cranial vault and close to the brain. Despite a long history of study, understanding of their origin and variation through evolution is limited. This work compares most hominin species' holotypes and other key individuals with extant hominids. It provides a unique and valuable perspective of the variation in sinuses position, shape, and dimensions based on a simple and reproducible methodology. We also observed a covariation between the size and shape of the sinuses and the underlying frontal lobes in hominin species from at least the appearance of Homo erectus. Our results additionally undermine hypotheses stating that hominin frontal sinuses were directly affected by biomechanical constraints resulting from either chewing or adaptation to climate. Last, we demonstrate their substantial potential for discussions of the evolutionary relationships between hominin species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Balzeau
- UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de l’Homme Préhistorique, CNRS, PaleoFED Team, Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
- Department of African Zoology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Lou Albessard-Ball
- UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de l’Homme Préhistorique, CNRS, PaleoFED Team, Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
- PalaeoHub, Department of Archaeology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Anna Maria Kubicka
- UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de l’Homme Préhistorique, CNRS, PaleoFED Team, Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
- Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andréa Filippo
- UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de l’Homme Préhistorique, CNRS, PaleoFED Team, Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Amélie Beaudet
- Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Santos
- Centro Mixto UCM-ISCIII de Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Cátedra de Otoacústica Evolutiva y Paleoantropología (HM Hospitales - Universidad de Alcalá), Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Paseo de la Sierra de Atapuerca 3, 09002 Burgos, Spain
| | - Thibault Bienvenu
- Department of Anthropology and Anthropological Museum, University of Zurich, CH-8052 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Juan-Luis Arsuaga
- Centro Mixto UCM-ISCIII de Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Departamento de Paleontología, Facultad Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonis Bartsiokas
- Department of History and Ethnology, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece
| | - Lee Berger
- Centre for the Exploration of the Deep Human Journey, University of the Witwatersrand, WITS, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - José María Bermúdez de Castro
- Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Paseo de la Sierra de Atapuerca 3, 09002 Burgos, Spain
- Anthropology Department, University College London, London, UK
| | - Michel Brunet
- Chaire de Paléoanthropologie Humaine, Collège de France, Paris, France
- UMR 7262 CNRS, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Kristian J. Carlson
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Palaeosciences Centre, Wits, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Joan Daura
- Departament d’Història i Arqueologia, Facultat de Geografia i Història, Universitat de Barcelona, c/Montalegre 6, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Arqueologia da Universidade de Lisboa (UNIARQ), Faculdade de Letras de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1600-214 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vassilis G. Gorgoulis
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Frederick E. Grine
- Departments of Anthropology and Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Katerina Harvati
- Senckenberg Center for Human Evolution and Paleoenvironment and Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Rümelinstr. 23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - John Hawks
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Andy Herries
- Department of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- Palaeo-Research Institute, University of Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - Jean-Jacques Hublin
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Chaire de Paléoanthropologie, Collège de France, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jiaming Hui
- UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de l’Homme Préhistorique, CNRS, PaleoFED Team, Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Rachel Ives
- Centre for Human Evolution Research, History Museum, London, UK
| | - Josephine A. Joordens
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Netherlands
| | - Yousuke Kaifu
- The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mirsini Kouloukoussa
- Museum of Anthropology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Baptiste Léger
- Columbia University, 116 Street & Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - David Lordkipanidze
- Georgian National Museum, Purtseladze Str. 3, 0105 Tbilisi, Georgia
- Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Av. 1, 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Ann Margvelashvili
- Georgian National Museum, Purtseladze Str. 3, 0105 Tbilisi, Georgia
- Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Av. 1, 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Jesse Martin
- Palaeoscience, Department of Archaeology and History, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - María Martinón-Torres
- Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), Paseo de la Sierra de Atapuerca 3, 09002 Burgos, Spain
- Anthropology Department, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hila May
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Post Office Box 39040, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Shmunis Family Anthropology Institute, Dan David Center for Human Evolution and Biohistory Research, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Aurélien Mounier
- UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de l’Homme Préhistorique, CNRS, PaleoFED Team, Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
- Department of History and Ethnology, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini, Greece
| | - Anton du Plessis
- Physics Department, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Todd Rae
- Centre for Research in Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Life Sciences, Roehampton University, Holybourne Avenue, London SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Carolin Röding
- Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Montserrat Sanz
- Centro de Arqueologia da Universidade de Lisboa (UNIARQ), Faculdade de Letras de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, 1600-214 Lisboa, Portugal
- Grup de Recerca del Quaternari (GRQ-SERP), Departament d’Història i Arqueologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Carrer Montalegre, 6, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrick Semal
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels 1000, Belgium
| | - Dominic Stratford
- School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, WITS, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Chris Stringer
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mirriam Tawane
- Ditsong National Museum of Natural History, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Heiko Temming
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Evangelia Tsoukala
- Laboratory of Geology and Palaeontology, School of Geology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - João Zilhão
- UNIARQ-Centro de Arqueologia da Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, Universidade de Lisboa, 1600-214 Lisbon, Portugal
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of History and Archaeology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernhard Zipfel
- Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Laura T. Buck
- Research Centre for Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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Baab KL, Brown P, Falk D, Richtsmeier JT, Hildebolt CF, Smith K, Jungers W. A Critical Evaluation of the Down Syndrome Diagnosis for LB1, Type Specimen of Homo floresiensis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155731. [PMID: 27275928 PMCID: PMC4898715 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Liang Bua hominins from Flores, Indonesia, have been the subject of intense scrutiny and debate since their initial description and classification in 2004. These remains have been assigned to a new species, Homo floresiensis, with the partial skeleton LB1 as the type specimen. The Liang Bua hominins are notable for their short stature, small endocranial volume, and many features that appear phylogenetically primitive relative to modern humans, despite their late Pleistocene age. Recently, some workers suggested that the remains represent members of a small-bodied island population of modern Austro-Melanesian humans, with LB1 exhibiting clinical signs of Down syndrome. Many classic Down syndrome signs are soft tissue features that could not be assessed in skeletal remains. Moreover, a definitive diagnosis of Down syndrome can only be made by genetic analysis as the phenotypes associated with Down syndrome are variable. Most features that contribute to the Down syndrome phenotype are not restricted to Down syndrome but are seen in other chromosomal disorders and in the general population. Nevertheless, we re-evaluated the presence of those phenotypic features used to support this classification by comparing LB1 to samples of modern humans diagnosed with Down syndrome and euploid modern humans using comparative morphometric analyses. We present new data regarding neurocranial, brain, and symphyseal shape in Down syndrome, additional estimates of stature for LB1, and analyses of inter- and intralimb proportions. The presence of cranial sinuses is addressed using CT images of LB1. We found minimal congruence between the LB1 phenotype and clinical descriptions of Down syndrome. We present important differences between the phenotypes of LB1 and individuals with Down syndrome, and quantitative data that characterize LB1 as an outlier compared with Down syndrome and non-Down syndrome groups. Homo floresiensis remains a phenotypically unique, valid species with its roots in Plio-Pleistocene Homo taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L. Baab
- Department of Anatomy, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, 19555 N. 59th Avenue, Glendale, AZ, 85308, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Peter Brown
- Bioanthropology, School of Archaeology & Anthropology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Dean Falk
- Department of Anthropology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306–7772, United States of America
- School for Advanced Research, Santa Fe, NM, 87505, United States of America
| | - Joan T. Richtsmeier
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States of America
| | - Charles F. Hildebolt
- Department of Radiology, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 South Kingshighway, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States of America
| | - Kirk Smith
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, United States of America
| | - William Jungers
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794–8081, United States of America
- Association Vahatra, BP 3972, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
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