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Danielsen AS, Nygaard NJ, Børseth AW, Nilsen JV, Øvreness H, Raastad R, Borg MA, Kacelnik O, Bjørnholt JV. Patient perspectives on infection prevention and control in cancer care: a survey of knowledge and attitudes among persons with cancer and their next of kin. J Hosp Infect 2024; 146:21-30. [PMID: 38311296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the growing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, there may be a need to strengthen infection prevention and control (IPC) measures in cancer care. When developing clinical guidelines, it is important to incorporate patient perspectives. AIM To determine the knowledge of, and attitudes towards, IPC among persons with cancer and their next of kin in Norway. METHODS Through discussions in expert panels and a pilot study, a survey was developed consisting of 13 knowledge statements to be judged true/false and 40 attitude items to be judged using a Likert scale and was sent to a panel of people with cancer experience on August 22nd, 2023. The mean correct responses and attitude scores were reported. FINDINGS Of 551 respondents, the mean correct response to IPC-related knowledge questions was 79% (95% confidence interval: 78-80). Respondents were most knowledgeable about hand hygiene (99%, 546/551), but least knowledgeable about its role in preventing antibiotic resistance (41%, 225/551). Strong support was noted for IPC, especially within the patient responsibilities theme, with a mean score of 4.83. However, there was a notable reluctance towards some selected intrusive IPC measures, such as reducing contact with close relations. CONCLUSION This survey revealed a high level of knowledge and attitudes that support the importance of IPC among persons with cancer in Norway and their next of kin. We recommend including patient perspectives in future development of IPC guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Danielsen
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - N J Nygaard
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - A W Børseth
- Department of Infection Control and Preparedness, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Regional Centre for Competence in Infection Control and Prevention, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - J V Nilsen
- The Norwegian Cancer Society, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - R Raastad
- Department of Infection Control and Preparedness, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway; Department of Infection Control, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - M A Borg
- Department of Infection Control & Sterile Services, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - O Kacelnik
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - J V Bjørnholt
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Siju J, Anagboso U, Vernet E, Moss M, Javaid W, Cassano K. Implementation of a quality improvement project using the patient as the observer to improve hand hygiene compliance in ambulatory care practices. J Hosp Infect 2023; 140:34-39. [PMID: 37562594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monitoring hand hygiene compliance in the ambulatory setting remains a challenge because a healthcare trained observer loses line of sight once the examination room door closes. This quality improvement project focused on the implementation of a hand hygiene compliance improvement programme that is amenable to the routines and work flows of the ambulatory setting. METHODS After a review of the literature, nursing leadership and infection prevention implemented the 'patient as the observer' hand hygiene programme across 32 ambulatory practices. RESULTS Patients completed 281,000 observations with an overall compliance rate of ≥90%. The average overall compliance rate by role was 91% for providers, 89% for nurses, and 91% for medical assistants/technicians/others. A 92% compliance average was noted 'before caring for you' and 89% 'after caring for you' for providers, 90% and 87% for nurses, and 92% and 89% for medical assistants/technicians/others. DISCUSSION This study demonstrated that the implementation of a hand hygiene compliance improvement programme using the patient as the observer can be adopted successfully in the ambulatory setting. CONCLUSION Hand hygiene compliance can be monitored effectively in the ambulatory setting with the involvement of the patient as the observer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Siju
- Ambulatory Care Nursing, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, USA.
| | - U Anagboso
- Ambulatory Care Nursing, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, USA
| | - E Vernet
- Ambulatory Care Nursing, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, USA
| | - M Moss
- Infection Prevention and Control, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, USA
| | - W Javaid
- Infection Prevention and Control, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, USA
| | - K Cassano
- Ambulatory Care Nursing, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, USA
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3
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Yamashita H, Okawa Y, Masuyama S. Signage-associated improvement in hand hygiene compliance: a low cost strategy. Infect Prev Pract 2022; 4:100225. [PMID: 35757785 PMCID: PMC9218831 DOI: 10.1016/j.infpip.2022.100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Infection prevention requirements for the medical care of immunosuppressed patients: recommendations of the Commission for Hospital Hygiene and Infection Prevention (KRINKO) at the Robert Koch Institute. GMS HYGIENE AND INFECTION CONTROL 2022; 17:Doc07. [PMID: 35707229 PMCID: PMC9174886 DOI: 10.3205/dgkh000410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In Germany, guidelines for hygiene in hospitals are given in form of recommendations by the Commission for Hospital Hygiene and Infection Prevention (Kommission für Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention, "KRINKO"). The KRINKO and its voluntary work are legitimized by the mandate according to § 23 of the Infection Protection Act (Infektionsschutzgesetz, "IfSG"). The original German version of this document was published in February 2021 and has now been made available to the international professional public in English. The guideline provides recommendations on infection prevention and control for immunocompromised individuals in health care facilities. This recommendation addresses not only measures related to direct medical care of immunocompromised patients, but also management aspects such as surveillance, screening, antibiotic stewardship, and technical/structural aspects such as patient rooms, air quality, and special measures during renovations.
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Eng TY, Eng NL, Jenkins CA, Grota PG. "Did you wash your hands?": a prospective study of patient empowerment to prompt hand washing by healthcare providers. J Infect Prev 2021; 22:195-202. [PMID: 34659457 DOI: 10.1177/17571774211012767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hand hygiene is paramount in preventing the spread of healthcare-associated infections especially during disease epidemics. Compliance rates with hand hygiene policies remain below 50% internationally and may be lower in the outpatient care setting. This study assessed the impact of the patient empowerment model on hand hygiene compliance among healthcare providers. Methods From October 2016 to May 2017, patients from a large ambulatory oncology centre were prospectively enrolled. Patients were instructed to observe healthcare providers for hand hygiene compliance and to remind healthcare providers where it was not observed during at least three consecutive encounters. Healthcare provider reactions to this intervention were rated by patients. Patients' hand hygiene knowledge and beliefs were objectively elicited pre and post-study. Results Thirty patients with a median age of 52 years (range 5-91) completed the study for a total of 190 healthcare provider encounters. When initial hand hygiene was not observed, patients offered a reminder in 71 (37.4%) encounters, did not offer a reminder in 73 (38.4%) encounters and forgot to offer a reminder in 24 (14.2%) encounters. Patients perceived positive or neutral reactions in 76.8% of encounters and negative or surprised reactions in 23.2% of encounters. Healthcare provider compliance improved from 11.6% to 48.9% with intervention. Patient hand hygiene knowledge improved by 16% following the study. Conclusions Patient-empowered hand hygiene may be a useful adjunct for improving hand hygiene compliance among healthcare providers and improving patient hand hygiene knowledge, although it may confer an emotional burden on patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Y Eng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Nina L Eng
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Carol A Jenkins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson Cancer Center, San Antonio, USA
| | - Patti G Grota
- Office of Faculty Excellence, School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, USA
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6
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Lotfinejad N, Peters A, Tartari E, Fankhauser-Rodriguez C, Pires D, Pittet D. Hand hygiene in health care: 20 years of ongoing advances and perspectives. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2021; 21:e209-e221. [PMID: 34331890 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Health-care-associated infections are the most prevalent adverse events of hospital care, posing a substantial threat to patient safety and burden on society. Hand hygiene with alcohol-based hand rub is the most effective preventive strategy to reduce health-care-associated infections. Over the past two decades, various interventions have been introduced and studied to improve hand hygiene compliance among health-care workers. The global implementation of the WHO multimodal hand hygiene improvement strategy and constant efforts to replace the use of soap and water with alcohol-based hand rub have led to a faster and more efficient hand cleaning method. These strategies have strongly contributed to the success of behaviour change and a subsequent decrease in health-care-associated infections and cross-transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms worldwide. The WHO multimodal behaviour change strategy requires a series of elements including system change as a prerequisite for behaviour, change, education, monitoring and performance feedback, reminders in the workplace, and an institutional safety climate. Successful adoption of the promotion strategy requires adaptation to available resources and sociocultural contexts. This Review focuses on the major advances and challenges in hand hygiene research and practices in the past 20 years and sets out various ways forward for improving this lifesaving action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Lotfinejad
- Infection Control Programme, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Peters
- Infection Control Programme, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ermira Tartari
- Infection Control Programme, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Malta
| | | | - Daniela Pires
- Infection Control Programme, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Didier Pittet
- Infection Control Programme, University of Geneva Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.
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7
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Lin TY, Lin CT, Chen KM, Hsu HF. Information technology on hand hygiene compliance among health care professionals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nurs Manag 2021; 29:1857-1868. [PMID: 33772923 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the effectiveness of information technology interventions on hand hygiene compliance among health care professionals. BACKGROUND Performing hand hygiene is the optimal approach to prevent the transmission of health care-associated infections. However, results regarding the effectiveness of information technology interventions on hand hygiene compliance were inconsistent to date. EVALUATION A search for studies published up to May 2020 was undertaken. A meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3 software. KEY ISSUES The most commonly used information technology systems were as follows: automated training, electronic counting devices and remote monitoring, real-time hand hygiene reminders and feedback, and automated monitoring. These four types of technology systems can significantly improve hand hygiene compliance among health care professionals (odds ratio = 3.06, p < .001). CONCLUSION The four types of information technology can be effectively used to change the hand hygiene behaviour. Because the information systems can monitor personnel and conduct statistical analyses automatically, they save labour costs of human monitors, are more time efficient and eliminate accompanying human error. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT The use of the four types of information technology is convenient and could reduce health care-associated infections; thus, they could be widely used in the future as the key to increase hand hygiene compliance rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tang-Yu Lin
- Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Ting Lin
- Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Min Chen
- College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Long-term Care Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fen Hsu
- Center for Long-term Care Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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8
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Anforderungen an die Infektionsprävention bei der medizinischen Versorgung von immunsupprimierten Patienten. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:232-264. [PMID: 33394069 PMCID: PMC7780910 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-020-03265-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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9
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Hammoud S, Amer F, Lohner S, Kocsis B. Patient education on infection control: A systematic review. Am J Infect Control 2020; 48:1506-1515. [PMID: 32512081 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lately, suggestions have been emphasizing the importance of engaging patients and family members in infection control (IC) through participation and education after showing that patients and family members can aid in preventing the transmission of health care-associated infections. However, assessing patient education on IC measures in hospitals is poorly investigated. PURPOSE To identify all available studies in the literature that assessed hospitalized patients' education on IC measures. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL were searched from inception till May 6, 2020 without restrictions. We used Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology tool for assessing the reporting quality of each eligible study. MAIN FINDINGS Of the 6,740 identified papers, 25 were eligible for inclusion. Education on health care-associated infections was investigated in 8 studies, education on central line-associated bloodstream infections in 1, education on surgical site infections in 2, education on hand hygiene in 12, education on isolation rationale, precautions, usage of personal protective equipment in 3, and education on respiratory hygiene in 1. In general, a low percentage of patient education on IC was found in most of the included papers. CONCLUSIONS The low percentage of patient education on IC in hospitals highlights the need for additional emphasis on patient involvement in IC. Further studies are needed to assess patient education on several IC measures and to explore the education of family members as well.
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10
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Campbell JI, Pham TT, Le T, Dang TTH, Chandonnet CJ, Truong TH, Duong H, Nguyen DD, Le TH, Tran TH, Nguyen TKO, Ho TMT, Le KN, Pollack TM, Sandora TJ. Facilitators and barriers to a family empowerment strategy to improve healthcare worker hand hygiene in a resource-limited setting. Am J Infect Control 2020; 48:1485-1490. [PMID: 32492500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The World Health Organization recommends empowering patients/families to remind healthcare workers (HCWs) to perform hand hygiene (HH). We sought to understand acceptability of a family empowerment strategy in a Vietnamese pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). METHODS With end-user input, we designed a tool to help families in a PICU in Vietnam to remind HCWs to perform HH. We conducted 3 preliminary focus group discussions (FGDs) with patients' family members (n = 8), physicians (n = 9), and nurses (n = 8) to understand acceptability of preliminary tools, attitudes towards HH and barriers to HH. Tools were then modified and implemented in a 5-week intervention study. We then conducted 3 more FGDs with families (n = 7), physicians (n = 7), and nurses (n = 8). Discussions were analyzed using qualitative directed content analysis. Families who used the tool were asked to complete written surveys. FINDINGS Both family members and HCWs felt that HCWs had a responsibility to perform HH. Barriers to performing HH were identified, including forgetfulness and time constraints. Family members felt shy reminding HCWs to perform HH. However, the HH reminder tool was acceptable, and some felt it could overcome barriers to reminding HCWs to perform HH. HCWs felt embarrassed when reminded to perform HH, but felt that the reminder was useful. Nearly all (99%) survey respondents felt that family members should speak up if they noticed HCWs omitting HH. CONCLUSIONS A tool given to families to remind HCWs to perform HH was largely acceptable in a pediatric ICU in Vietnam. Perceived benefits of improving HH were felt to surmount barriers to tool use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey I Campbell
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA.
| | - Thanh Thuy Pham
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and The Partnership for Health Advancement in Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trang Le
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and The Partnership for Health Advancement in Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thu Huong Dang
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Thi Hoa Truong
- Department of Cardiology, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hao Duong
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and The Partnership for Health Advancement in Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc Duat Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and The Partnership for Health Advancement in Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Huyen Le
- The Partnership for Health Advancement in Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Ha Tran
- The Partnership for Health Advancement in Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Kim Oanh Nguyen
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Minh Than Ho
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kien Ngai Le
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Todd M Pollack
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and The Partnership for Health Advancement in Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thomas J Sandora
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
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11
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Diedrich S, Görig T, Dittmann K, Kramer A, Heidecke CD, Hübner NO. Active Integration of Patients into Infection Control, as perceived by Health Care Professionals: Results of the AHOI Pilot Study. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:4009-4019. [PMID: 33204118 PMCID: PMC7667167 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s261343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Medical professionals have a key role in active patient involvement in infection control and prevention (ICP). ICP of hospital-associated infections is critical for patient safety and requires targeted integration of patients and their relatives. The possibilities of proper involvement are identified, tested and realized in the innovative AHOI project. Its acronym stands for Activation, Help, Open communication and Infection prevention. The project is based on the three dimensions acceptance, empowerment and adherence. The results presented here are from a health-care professional (HCP) focused part of a pilot study to implement AHOI intervention. This section aimed at the HCPs’ evaluation of the intervention material, their perception and acceptance of the adherence and empowerment of patients, as well as the perception of their and colleagues’ own behavior. Methods The cross-sectional survey was conducted with a questionnaire at two surgical wards of a third-level hospital for 14 weeks. All HCPs with contact to patients were entitled to voluntarily participate in the study. AHOI instruments such as visual reminder, videos for patients and the AHOI-box were implemented on the wards. Additionally, the ward personnel received a psychological and practical train-the-trainer curriculum. Results Sixty-nine questionnaires were handed out and 29 returns were analyzed. The results show a strong identification and acceptance of HCPs with their role in the AHOI project. No additional workload was perceived by implementing AHOI. Teaching of medical professionals and information materials are seen as good supports. HCPs are empowering hygienic behavior in patients and colleagues. HCPs observed increasing adherence of patients. Conclusion HCPs positively perceived acceptance, support and identification with the ideas of the AHOI project. Therefore, since HCPs are key for patients and their relatives, AHOI intervention seems to be a feasible instrument and aid in implementing national and international recommendations for hygienic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Diedrich
- Department of General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tillmann Görig
- Central Unit for Infection Prevention and Control, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kathleen Dittmann
- Central Unit for Infection Prevention and Control, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Axel Kramer
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Claus-Dieter Heidecke
- Department of General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nils-Olaf Hübner
- Central Unit for Infection Prevention and Control, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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12
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Duhn L, Godfrey C, Medves J. Scoping review of patients' attitudes about their role and behaviours to ensure safe care at the direct care level. Health Expect 2020; 23:979-991. [PMID: 32755019 PMCID: PMC7696111 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To improve harm prevention, patient engagement in safety at the direct care level is advocated. For patient safety to most effectively include patients, it is critical to reflect on existing evidence, to better position future research with implications for education and practice. METHODS As part of a multi-phase study, which included a qualitative descriptive study (Duhn & Medves, 2018), a scoping review about patient engagement in safety was conducted. The objective was to review papers about patients' attitudes and behaviours concerning their involvement in ensuring their safe care. The databases searched included MEDLINE, CINAHL and EMBASE (year ending 2019). RESULTS This review included 35 papers about "Patient Attitudes" and 125 papers about "Patient Behaviours"-indicative of growing global interest in this field. Several patterns emerged from the review, including that most investigators have focused on a particular dimension of harm prevention, such as asking about provider handwashing, and there is less known about patients' opinions about their role in safety generally and how to actualize it in a way that is right for them. While patients may indicate favourable attitudes toward safety involvement generally, intention to act or actual behaviours may be quite different. CONCLUSION This review, given its multi-focus across the continuum of care, is the first of its kind based on existing literature. It provides an important international "mapping" of the initiatives that are underway to engage patients in different elements of safety and their viewpoints, and identifies the gaps that remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenora Duhn
- School of NursingQueen’s UniversityKingstonONCanada
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13
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Hughes G, O'Toole E, Talento AF, O'Leary A, Bergin C. Evaluating patient attitudes to increased patient engagement with antimicrobial stewardship: a quantitative survey. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2020; 2:dlaa046. [PMID: 34223008 PMCID: PMC8210210 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlaa046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) describes interventions designed to optimize antimicrobial therapy, minimize adverse treatment consequences and reduce the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Previous research has investigated the patient’s role in healthcare infection prevention but the patient’s role in AMS has not been extensively explored. Objectives To investigate the willingness of hospital inpatients to question staff about prudent antimicrobial use in an Irish hospital and evaluate the impact of patient and public involvement in research (PPI) on this study. Methods A survey was co-designed with the hospital Patient Representative Group (PRG) to evaluate patient willingness to engage with prudent antimicrobial treatment. A random sample of 200 inpatients was selected to self-complete the survey using pen and paper. PRG members provided feedback on their involvement. Results Of the 200 inpatients randomly selected to participate, 120 did not fulfil the inclusion criteria. Of the remaining 80, 67 participated (response 84%). Median respondent age was 58 years, 30% were employed and 30% had a third-level education degree. Over 90% had not heard of AMS while just over 50% had not heard of AMR. Patients preferred asking factual questions rather than challenging ones but did not have a preference in asking questions of doctors compared with nurses. Older patients were less likely to ask questions. PRG members reported an overall positive experience as research collaborators. Conclusions Future patient-centred AMS interventions should empower patients to ask about antimicrobial treatment, in particular the older patient cohort. PPI is a valuable component of patient-centred research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerry Hughes
- Dept. of Genitourinary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eilis O'Toole
- Wellcome Health Research Board Clinical Research Facility, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alida Fe Talento
- Dept. of Clinical Microbiology, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Louth, Ireland.,Dept. of Clinical Microbiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling O'Leary
- National Centre for Pharmacoeconomics, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Colm Bergin
- Dept. of Genitourinary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Medicine, University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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14
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Grota PG, Eng T, Jenkins CA. Patient motivational dialogue: A novel approach to improve hand hygiene through patient empowerment in ambulatory care. Am J Infect Control 2020; 48:573-574. [PMID: 31902527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2019.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A novel patient empowerment strategy called Patient Motivational Dialogue purposed to improve hand hygiene compliance is described. Two barriers to sustainability of patients asking health care providers (HCP) to clean their hands were noted in this study: (1) the HCP responding negatively to the patient asking, and (2) the patient misunderstanding that wearing gloves does not replace hand hygiene. Both barriers may be addressed through education of HCP and of consumer.
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15
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Gesser-Edelsburg A, Cohen R, Zemach M, Halavi AM. Discourse on hygiene between hospitalized patients and health care workers as an accepted norm: Making it legitimate to remind health care workers about hand hygiene. Am J Infect Control 2020; 48:61-67. [PMID: 31358416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite World Health Organization recommendations that patients should play a role in encouraging hand hygiene (HH) as a means of preventing infection, patient engagement remains an underused method. From the perspectives of hospitalized patients (HPs) and health care workers (HCWs) at 2 major public hospitals in Haifa, Israel, this research investigated (1) HP barriers to reminding HCWs to maintain HH, (2) HCW barriers to giving HPs instruction on proper hygiene, (3) what could help HPs and HCWs overcome these barriers, and (4) how video clips can be used to devise tailored strategies governing discourse on HH between HCWs and HPs. METHODS Intervention type 2 design and examination of 2 population groups-HPs and HCWs-before and after intervention by means of mixed methods research. RESULTS Both HPs and HCWs reported partial knowledge, embarrassment, and fears regarding commenting to staff, as well as a lack of cultural adaptation. The interviewees indicated that the video clips granted legitimacy to reminding HCWs about hygiene through strategies designed to identify and solve barriers, authenticity, and cultural adaptation. CONCLUSIONS To overcome HP and HCW barriers to maintaining HH, tailored video clips on HH should specify barriers and solutions with which they can both identify, thus turning discourse on HH into an accepted norm.
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A family empowerment strategy is associated with increased healthcare worker hand hygiene in a resource-limited setting. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2019; 41:202-208. [PMID: 31822321 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2019.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guidelines recommend empowering patients and families to remind healthcare workers (HCWs) to perform hand hygiene (HH). The effectiveness of empowerment tools for patients and their families in Southeast Asia is unknown. METHODS We performed a prospective study in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a Vietnamese pediatric referral hospital. With family and HCW input, we developed a visual tool for families to prompt HCW HH. We used direct observation to collect baseline HH data. We then enrolled families to receive the visual tool and education on its use while continuing prospective collection of HH data. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of HH in baseline and implementation periods. RESULTS In total, 2,014 baseline and 2,498 implementation-period HH opportunities were observed. During the implementation period, 73 families were enrolled. Overall, HCW HH was 46% preimplementation, which increased to 73% in the implementation period (P < .001). The lowest HH adherence in both periods occurred after HCW contact with patient surroundings: 16% at baseline increased to 24% after implementation. In multivariable analyses, the odds of HCW HH during the implementation period were significantly higher than baseline (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.54-3.41; P < .001) after adjusting for observation room, HCW type, time of observation (weekday business hours vs evening or weekend), and HH moment. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of a visual empowerment tool was associated with significant improvement in HH adherence among HCWs in a Vietnamese PICU. Future research should explore acceptability and barriers to use of similar tools in low- and middle-income settings.
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Damiani R, Treise D, Kastrinos A, Shelton S. Practice Makes Empowered: Cultivating Elderly Patients' Voices to Protect Their Health through an Interactive Training. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2019; 34:1494-1501. [PMID: 30052092 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2018.1500433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) result in approximately 75,000 deaths each year. Elderly patients are particularly susceptible to contracting HAIs. Physicians can reduce the spread of HAIs by washing their hands; however, handwashing compliance remains suboptimal. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) urges patients to remind their physicians to wash their hands; however, older patients are reluctant to make this request. Thus, the purpose of this study was to empower elderly patients to ask their physicians to wash their hands through a series of training videos. We conducted focus groups with elderly patients (N = 82) to uncover their specific barriers to making the request and addressed their concerns in a video training that allowed them to practice making the request. In-depth interviews (N = 19) revealed that elderly patients felt confident to make the request after completing the training. Empowering elderly patients can reduce the spread of deadly HAIs and encourage older people to voice their concerns.
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Fernandes Agreli H, Murphy M, Creedon S, Ni Bhuachalla C, O’Brien D, Gould D, Savage E, Barry F, Drennan J, Smiddy MP, Condell S, Horgan S, Murphy S, Wills T, Burton A, Hegarty J. Patient involvement in the implementation of infection prevention and control guidelines and associated interventions: a scoping review. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e025824. [PMID: 30904866 PMCID: PMC6475448 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore patient involvement in the implementation of infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines and associated interventions. DESIGN Scoping review. METHODS A methodological framework was followed to identify recent publications on patient involvement in the implementation of IPC guidelines and interventions. Initially, relevant databases were searched to identify pertinent publications (published 2013-2018). Reflecting the scarcity of included studies from these databases, a bidirectional citation chasing approach was used as a second search step. The reference list and citations of all identified papers from databases were searched to generate a full list of relevant references. A grey literature search of Google Scholar was also conducted. RESULTS From an identified 2078 papers, 14 papers were included in this review. Our findings provide insights into the need for a fundamental change to IPC, from being solely the healthcare professionals (HCPs) responsibility to one that involves a collaborative relationship between HCPs and patients. This change should be underpinned by a clear understanding of patient roles, potential levels of patient involvement in IPC and strategies to overcome barriers to patient involvement focusing on the professional-patient relationship (eg, patient encouragement through multimodal educational strategies and efforts to disperse professional's power). CONCLUSIONS There is limited evidence regarding the best strategies to promote patient involvement in the implementation of IPC interventions and guidelines. The findings of this review endorse the need for targeted strategies to overcome the lack of role clarity of patients in IPC and the power imbalances between patients and HCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Murphy
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sile Creedon
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Deirdre O’Brien
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Dinah Gould
- School of Healthcare Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, South Glamorgan, UK
| | - Eileen Savage
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fiona Barry
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jonathan Drennan
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Maura P Smiddy
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sarah Condell
- Department of Health, National Patient Safety Office, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Siobhan Murphy
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Teresa Wills
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aileen Burton
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Josephine Hegarty
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Perceptions and attitudes of patients and health care workers toward patient empowerment in promoting hand hygiene. Am J Infect Control 2019; 47:45-50. [PMID: 30268593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient empowerment is a component of the World Health Organization's multimodal strategy to improve hand hygiene (HH). Its successful implementation requires knowledge of the perceptions and attitudes of patients and health care workers (HCWs) toward patient empowerment in HH. METHODS A cross-sectional study, through a self-administered questionnaire of patients and their families and HCWs, was conducted in a 433-bed block of an 850-bed university hospital in Galicia, Spain. RESULTS A total of 337 patients and their families and 196 HCWs completed the questionnaire. Among patients and their families, 49.9% were willing to remind HCWs about HH. However, only 31.6% of HCWs (41.8% of physicians and 24.8% of nurses) supported patient participation. The most common reason for patients and their families not being willing to ask caregivers to perform HH was fear of causing annoyance or receiving worse treatment as a consequence (76%). The main reasons that physicians disagreed with patient participation was patients' lack of knowledge (40%) and possible negative effects on the HCW/patient relationship (40%). Nurses considered this participation unnecessary (58%). CONCLUSIONS There were significant differences between patients and their families and HCWs regarding support for patient empowerment in promoting HH. In our setting, a cultural change is needed in the HCW/patient relationship to create a facilitating environment.
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Gesser-Edelsburg A, Zemach M, Cohen R, Salmon A, Lowenstein L, Shteinberg D. What variables are associated with the public's willingness to take measures to maintain a hygienic hospital environment? Am J Infect Control 2018; 46:1245-1253. [PMID: 29884577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most of the studies on hospital infections have focused on the perceptions and reported behavior of the medical personnel. This research explore the practices undertaken both by Israeli patients and visitors, in order to maintain a hygienic hospital environment, and to locate the variables that are associated with them. METHODS An online survey of national representative sample of Israeli hospital's visitors and patients adult population, who were hospitalized in the five years before the interview (n=209), and who visited patients in hospitals in the three years before the interview (n=454). RESULTS Only a minority of patients (24%) comment to medical personnel about maintaining hygiene, while a majority (67%-69%) took active steps to maintain a hygienic environment. The main variables that were found to be associated with patients' making comments were level of religiousness and gender, whereas priorities, namely whether hospital infections were a high priority, and the frequency of the patient's visits to hospital outpatient clinics, were associated with self-initiated action. CONCLUSIONS In order to reduce barriers to commenting to hospital personnel, we propose framing the subject of hospital hygiene as a matter of health literacy and a subject of public discourse, rather than a sole medical issue.
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Alzyood M, Jackson D, Brooke J, Aveyard H. An integrative review exploring the perceptions of patients and healthcare professionals towards patient involvement in promoting hand hygiene compliance in the hospital setting. J Clin Nurs 2018; 27:1329-1345. [PMID: 29423965 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To review patients' and healthcare professionals' perceptions of patient involvement in promoting hand hygiene compliance in the hospital setting. BACKGROUND Initiatives continue to emphasise the importance of involving patients in their safety at the point of care. A patient-centred care approach aimed to empower patients to become active members of the healthcare team. However, understanding the perceptions of patients and healthcare professionals of patient involvement in promoting hand hygiene compliance among healthcare professionals has yet to be fully explored. DESIGN Integrative literature review. METHODS A five-stage review process informed by Whittemore and Knafl's methodology was conducted. MEDLINE and CINAHL were searched for papers published between January 2009-July 2017. Data were extracted manually, organised using NVivo 11 and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS From an identified 240 papers, 19 papers were included in this review. Thematic analysis revealed two main themes with three related subthemes. Patients were willing to remind healthcare professionals (especially nurses) to wash their hands, healthcare professionals perception towards patients' involvement varied from one study to another. However, an overall positive attitude towards patient involvement was related to how patients asked and how healthcare professionals responded to being asked. CONCLUSION There is limited evidence regarding patients' actual intention to ask healthcare professionals to wash their hands, and some evidence that patients are reluctant to do so. Further research is required to understand this area thoroughly, including which situations patients would feel more empowered to speak up. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Simple messages promoting patient involvement may lead to complex reactions in both patients and healthcare professionals. It is unclear, yet how patients and staff react to such messages in clinical practice. There is a need for a deeper understanding of how they can work together to support harm free care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamdooh Alzyood
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery, and Allied Health Research (OxINMAHR), Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Debra Jackson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery, and Allied Health Research (OxINMAHR), Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Joanne Brooke
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery, and Allied Health Research (OxINMAHR), Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen Aveyard
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Institute of Nursing, Midwifery, and Allied Health Research (OxINMAHR), Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
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22
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McLaws ML, Kwok YLA. Hand hygiene compliance rates: Fact or fiction? Am J Infect Control 2018; 46:876-880. [PMID: 29778435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mandatory national hand hygiene program requires Australian public hospitals to use direct human auditing to establish compliance rates. To establish the magnitude of the Hawthorne effect, we compared direct human audit rates with concurrent automated surveillance rates. METHODS A large tertiary Australian teaching hospital previously trialed automated surveillance while simultaneously performing mandatory human audits for 20 minutes daily on a medical and a surgical ward. Subtracting automated surveillance rates from human audit rates provided differences in percentage points (PPs) for each of the 3 quarterly reporting periods for 2014 and 2015. RESULTS Direct human audit rates for the medical ward were inflated by an average of 55 PPs in 2014 and 64 PPs in 2015, 2.8-3.1 times higher than automated surveillance rates. The rates for the surgical ward were inflated by an average of 32 PPs in 2014 and 31 PPs in 2015, 1.6 times higher than automated surveillance rates. Over the 6 mandatory reporting quarters, human audits collected an average of 255 opportunities, whereas automation collected 578 times more data, averaging 147,308 opportunities per quarter. The magnitude of the Hawthorne effect on direct human auditing was not trivial and produced highly inflated compliance rates. CONCLUSIONS Mandatory compliance necessitates accuracy that only automated surveillance can achieve, whereas daily hand hygiene ambassadors or reminder technology could harness clinicians' ability to hyperrespond to produce habitual compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Louise McLaws
- Epidemiology, Healthcare Associated Infections and Infectious Diseases Control, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Yen Lee Angela Kwok
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Tartari E, Weterings V, Gastmeier P, Rodríguez Baño J, Widmer A, Kluytmans J, Voss A. Patient engagement with surgical site infection prevention: an expert panel perspective. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2017; 6:45. [PMID: 28507731 PMCID: PMC5427557 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-017-0202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite remarkable developments in the use of surgical techniques, ergonomic advancements in the operating room, and implementation of bundles, surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a substantial burden, associated with increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. National and international recommendations to prevent SSIs have been published, including recent guidelines by the World Health Organization, but implementation into clinical practice remains an unresolved issue. SSI improvement programs require an integrative approach with measures taken during the pre-, intra- and postoperative care from the numerous stakeholders involved. The current SSI prevention strategies have focused mainly on the role of healthcare workers (HCWs) and procedure related risk factors. The importance and influence of patient participation is becoming an increasingly important concept and advocated as a means to improve patient safety. Novel interventions supporting an active participative role within SSI prevention programs have not been assessed. Empowering patients with information they require to engage in the process of SSI prevention could play a major role for the implementation of recommendations. Based on available scientific evidence, a panel of experts evaluated options for patient involvement in order to provide pragmatic recommendations for pre-, intra- and postoperative activities for the prevention of SSIs. Recommendations were based on existing guidelines and expert opinion. As a result, 9 recommendations for the surgical patient are presented here, including a practice brief in the form of a patient information leaflet. HCWs can use this information to educate patients and allow patient engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tartari
- Infection Control Program and WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - V Weterings
- Laboratory for Microbiology and Infection Control, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - P Gastmeier
- Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Charite ´ University Medicine in Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Rodríguez Baño
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena/Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - A Widmer
- University Hospital and University of Basel, Division of infectious diseases & hospital epidemiology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Kluytmans
- Laboratory for Microbiology and Infection Control, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands.,Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Voss
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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24
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Cheng VCC, Wong SC, Wong IWY, Chau PH, So SYC, Wong SCY, Chen JHK, Lee WM, Tai JWM, Chau CH, Lo WK, Yuen KY. The challenge of patient empowerment in hand hygiene promotion in health care facilities in Hong Kong. Am J Infect Control 2017; 45:562-565. [PMID: 28131422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Patient empowerment programs in hand hygiene were implemented in 2 extended-care hospitals. Of the 223 patients approached by the infection control nurses, 167 patients (74.9%) participated in the program. A positive response from the health care workers was reported in 70 (93.3%) of 75 patients who reminded health care workers to clean hands as part of the empowerment program. A significant increase in volume of alcohol-based handrub consumption was observed during the intervention period compared with baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent C C Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Shuk-Ching Wong
- Infection Control Team, Tung Wah Hospital, Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ivan W Y Wong
- Infection Control Team, Grantham Hospital, Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Pui-Hing Chau
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Simon Y C So
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Sally C Y Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jonathan H K Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wan-Mui Lee
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Josepha W M Tai
- Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chi-Hung Chau
- Infection Control Team, Grantham Hospital, Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wai-Kei Lo
- Infection Control Team, Tung Wah Hospital, Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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Bsharat S, Drach-Zahavy A. Nurses' response to parents' 'speaking-up' efforts to ensure their hospitalized child's safety: an attribution theory perspective. J Adv Nurs 2017; 73:2118-2128. [PMID: 28229473 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To understand how attribution processes (control and stability), which the nurse attributes to parental involvement in maintaining child safety, determine the nurse's response to a safety alert. BACKGROUND Participation of parents in maintaining their child's safety is shown to reduce the incidence of and risk of clinical errors. Unless nurses respond appropriately to parents' safety alerts, this potential source of support could diminish. DESIGN A 2 (controllability: high vs. low) × 2 (consistency: high vs. low) factorial design. METHODS Data were collected during the period 2013-2014 in paediatric wards. Four variants of scenarios were created corresponding to the different combinations of these variables. A total of 126 nurses read a scenario and completed self-report questionnaires measuring their response to the parent's safety alert. Additional data were collected about the manipulation check, safety norms in the ward and demographic variables. Data were analysed using analysis of variance. FINDINGS Results showed a main effect of stability and a significant two-way interaction effect of stability and controllability, on a nurse's tendency to help the parent and fix the safety problem. Furthermore, safety norms were significantly related to nurses' response. CONCLUSION These findings contribute to the understanding of antecedents that affect nurses' responses to parents' speaking-up initiatives: whether nurses will reject or heed the alert. Theoretical and practical implications for promoting parents' engagement in their safety are discussed.
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von Lengerke T, Kröning B, Lange K. Patients' intention to speak up for health care providers' hand hygiene in inpatient diabetic foot wound treatment: a cross-sectional survey in diabetes outpatient centres in Lower Saxony, Germany. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2016; 22:1137-1148. [PMID: 27998179 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2016.1268696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Hand hygiene in wound care by health care providers (HCPs) is a key principle in treating hospitalized patients with diabetic foot infections. This study aimed to estimate the extent to which patients with type-2-diabetes (T2D) intend to speak up for HCPs' hand hygiene during inpatient foot treatment, test whether this motivation increases given the hospital would invite patients to speak up, and identify associations with socio-demographics, knowledge of hand hygiene requirements, and diabetes-related factors. A questionnaire-survey was conducted in eight diabetes outpatient centres in Lower Saxony/Germany. Intentions to speak up (without and with institutional encouragement) and knowledge about hand hygiene during foot-care were assessed. Analyses of variance were conducted, partly as repeated measures-models with intention-items as within-subject factor. N = 473 patients participated (response = 77.4%). N = 177 (41%) strongly intended to speak up. Institutional encouragement was associated with an increased rate of strong (54% vs. 41%; p < .001) and higher mean intention (M = 3.9 vs. 3.4 with vs. without encouragement [5-point-scales]; F(1, 434) = 41.5, p < .001). In patients without diabetic foot syndrome, this effect was limited to those with at least medium school education (F(2, 292) = 4.4, p = .013) and knowledge on HCPs' hand hygiene (F(2, 294) = 3.1, p = .047). In conclusion, a majority of T2D-patients in diabetes outpatient centres intend to speak for HCPs' hand hygiene in inpatient foot treatment, and are receptive to institutional encouragement. However, this presupposes at least medium education and knowledge about hand hygiene, emphasizing that patient empowerment begins with knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Kröning
- a Hannover Medical School , Medical Psychology Unit , Hannover , Germany
| | - Karin Lange
- a Hannover Medical School , Medical Psychology Unit , Hannover , Germany
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Patient-centred hand hygiene information in orthopaedics units: an evidence-based implementation project. INT J EVID-BASED HEA 2016; 15:22-29. [PMID: 27875344 DOI: 10.1097/xeb.0000000000000094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM This project aimed to improve patients' knowledge on the importance of hand hygiene. It involved providing patients with a patient and family education on the importance of hand hygiene using a patient information leaflet that introduces the rationale of hand hygiene, possible consequences of poor hand hygiene, and the seven steps of hand hygiene. METHODS This projected used a preimplementation and postimplementation audit strategy using the Joanna Briggs Institute Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System and Getting Research Into Practice programs. The implementation occurred in three phases over a period of 6 months from January 2014 to June 2014. The audits took place in two orthopaedic wards in a large acute care setting tertiary hospital in Singapore and involved a sample size of 54 patients. It involved going through the medical records of the cases, assessment of patient knowledge based on the audit criteria, and checking if the patients received the patient information leaflet on hand hygiene. RESULTS The postimplementation audit found significant improvements in all three audit criteria. The percentage of patients who demonstrated knowledge in the importance of hand hygiene saw an improvement of 48.1%. There was an improvement of 44.5% in nurses' compliance to the documentation of patient education being carried out. The percentage of patients who received a patient information leaflet on hand hygiene saw an increase of 36.1%. CONCLUSION This project demonstrated that a preimplementation and postimplementation audit is a viable method to implement change and translate evidence into practice. Through this project, patients gained an understanding on the importance of hand hygiene and could take better ownership of their well being. This may potentially improve hospitalization experience and benefit health outcomes. The positive results of this project are contributed by the enthusiastic involvement of all the stakeholders, from patients and their caregivers to the bedside nurses and nursing leaders. The sustenance will be an ongoing challenge to the project.
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Sustained High Level of Healthcare Worker Adherence With Hand Hygiene Practice Recommendations Using the Patient-as-Observer Approach in the Ambulatory Setting. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016; 37:1496-1498. [PMID: 27697087 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2016.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on a quality improvement initiative for hand hygiene adherence using the patient-as-observer method in the ambulatory setting. There were 604,661 observations recorded with improvement of adherence from 88% to 95% or greater; alcohol-based hand sanitizer purchasing correlated with this increase. This sustainable method effectively ensures hand hygiene adherence. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;1496-1498.
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Investigating Behaviour and Face Encoding in a Hypothetical Real-World Social Contract: Handwashing in Hazardous Health Settings. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40806-016-0055-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Mahida N. Hand hygiene compliance: are we kidding ourselves? J Hosp Infect 2016; 92:307-8. [PMID: 26988123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Mahida
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK.
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Cunningham CE, Hutchings T, Henderson J, Rimas H, Chen Y. Modeling the hospital safety partnership preferences of patients and their families: a discrete choice conjoint experiment. Patient Prefer Adherence 2016; 10:1359-72. [PMID: 27555752 PMCID: PMC4968982 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s105605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients and their families play an important role in efforts to improve health service safety. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to understand the safety partnership preferences of patients and their families. METHOD We used a discrete choice conjoint experiment to model the safety partnership preferences of 1,084 patients or those such as parents acting on their behalf. Participants made choices between hypothetical safety partnerships composed by experimentally varying 15 four-level partnership design attributes. RESULTS Participants preferred an approach to safety based on partnerships between patients and staff rather than a model delegating responsibility for safety to hospital staff. They valued the opportunity to participate in point of service safety partnerships, such as identity and medication double checks, that might afford an immediate risk reduction. Latent class analysis yielded two segments. Actively engaged participants (73.3%) comprised outpatients with higher education, who anticipated more benefits to safety partnerships, were more confident in their ability to contribute, and were more intent on participating. They were more likely to prefer a personal engagement strategy, valued scientific evidence, preferred a more active approach to safety education, and advocated disclosure of errors. The passively engaged segment (26.7%) anticipated fewer benefits, were less confident in their ability to contribute, and were less intent on participating. They were more likely to prefer an engagement strategy based on signage. They preferred that staff explain why they thought patients should help make care safer and decide whether errors were disclosed. Inpatients, those with immigrant backgrounds, and those with less education were more likely to be in this segment. CONCLUSION Health services need to communicate information regarding risks, ask about partnership preferences, create opportunities respecting individual differences, and ensure a positive response when patients raise safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Cunningham
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University
- Correspondence: Charles E Cunningham, Ron Joyce Children’s Health Centre, Child and Youth Mental Health Program, 237 Barton Street East, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada, Tel +1 905 521 2100 ext 77307, Fax +1 905 577 8453, Email
| | - Tracy Hutchings
- Department of Quality and Performance, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Henderson
- Department of Quality and Performance, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Heather Rimas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University
| | - Yvonne Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Michael G DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University
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Ahmad R, Iwami M, Castro-Sánchez E, Husson F, Taiyari K, Zingg W, Holmes A. Defining the user role in infection control. J Hosp Infect 2015; 92:321-7. [PMID: 26616416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2015.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health policy initiatives continue to recognize the valuable role of patients and the public in improving safety, advocating the availability of information as well as involvement at the point of care. In infection control, there is a limited understanding of how users interpret the plethora of publicly available information about hospital performance, and little evidence to support strategies that include reminding healthcare staff to adhere to hand hygiene practices. AIM To understand how users define their own role in patient safety, specifically in infection control. METHODS Through group interviews, self-completed questionnaires and scenario evaluation, user views of 41 participants (15 carers and 26 patients with recent experience of inpatient hospital care in London, UK) were collected and analysed. In addition, the project's patient representative performed direct observation of the research event to offer inter-rater reliability of the qualitative analysis. FINDINGS Users considered evidence of systemic safety-related failings when presented with hospital choices, and did not discount hospitals with high ('red' flagged) rates of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Further, users considered staff satisfaction within the workplace over and above user satisfaction. Those most dissatisfied with the care they received were unlikely to ask staff, 'Have you washed your hands?' CONCLUSION This in-depth qualitative analysis of views from a relatively informed user sample shows 'what matters', and provides new avenues for improvement initiatives. It is encouraging that users appear to take a holistic view of indicators. There is a need for strategies to improve dimensions of staff satisfaction, along with understanding the implications of patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ahmad
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - M Iwami
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - E Castro-Sánchez
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - F Husson
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - K Taiyari
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - W Zingg
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London, London, UK; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Service de Prévention et Contrôle de l'Infection, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Holmes
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London, London, UK
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